"napāšum" meaning in All languages combined

See napāšum on Wiktionary

Verb [Akkadian]

IPA: /naˈpaː.ʃum/ (note: Old Babylonian)
Etymology: Cognate with Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”) and Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”). Etymology templates: {{cog|ar|تَنَفَّسَ‬‬|t=to breathe}} Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”), {{cog|hbo|נָפַשׁ|t=to breathe|tr=nɔp̄áš}} Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”) Head templates: {{akk-verb|G|u|dur=inappuš|imp=upuš|perf=ittapuš|pret=ippuš}} napāšum (G, u, durative inappuš, perfect ittapuš, preterite ippuš, imperative upuš), {{tlb|akk|OAkk|OBab}} (Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian) Inflection templates: {{akk-conj|class=u|root=n-p-š|stem=G}} Forms: inappuš [durative], ittapuš [perfect], ippuš [preterite], upuš [imperative], no-table-tags [table-tags], napāšum [infinitive], nāpišum [participle], napšum [adjective], anappuš [durative, first-person, singular], attapuš [first-person, perfect, singular], appuš [first-person, preterite, singular], luppuš [first-person, imperative, singular], tanappuš [durative, masculine, second-person, singular], tattapuš [masculine, perfect, second-person, singular], tappuš [masculine, preterite, second-person, singular], upuš [imperative, masculine, second-person, singular], tanappušī [durative, feminine, second-person, singular], tattapšī [feminine, perfect, second-person, singular], tappušī [feminine, preterite, second-person, singular], upšī [feminine, imperative, second-person, singular], inappuš [durative, singular, third-person], ittapuš [perfect, singular, third-person], ippuš [preterite, singular, third-person], lippuš [imperative, singular, third-person], ninappuš [durative, first-person, plural], nittapuš [first-person, perfect, plural], nippuš [first-person, plural, preterite], i nippuš [first-person, imperative, plural], tanappušā [durative, plural, second-person], tattapšā [perfect, plural, second-person], tappušā [plural, preterite, second-person], upšā [imperative, plural, second-person], inappušū [durative, masculine, plural, third-person], ittapšū [masculine, perfect, plural, third-person], ippušū [masculine, plural, preterite, third-person], lippušū [imperative, masculine, plural, third-person], inappušā [durative, feminine, plural, third-person], ittapšā [feminine, perfect, plural, third-person], ippušā [feminine, plural, preterite, third-person], lippušā [feminine, imperative, plural, third-person], This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects
  1. to breathe (freely), to relax
    Sense id: en-napāšum-akk-verb-4exoEdiQ Categories (other): Akkadian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Akkadian entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
  2. to be wide, expand, be abundant
    Sense id: en-napāšum-akk-verb-lwWB~6fP Categories (other): Akkadian entries with incorrect language header, Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Akkadian entries with incorrect language header: 46 54 Disambiguation of Old Akkadian: 22 78 Disambiguation of Old Babylonian: 16 84 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 32 68 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 31 69
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: napāšu (non-mimated), 𒆒 (PEŠ₅), 𒉺𒀭 (PA.AN), 𒈾𒉺𒋗 (na-pa-šu), 𒈾𒉺𒋙 (na-pa-šu₂) 
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "تَنَفَّسَ‬‬",
        "t": "to breathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "נָפַשׁ",
        "t": "to breathe",
        "tr": "nɔp̄áš"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”) and Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inappuš",
      "tags": [
        "durative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapuš",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippuš",
      "tags": [
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upuš",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akk-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napāšum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nāpišum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napšum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "appuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luppuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappušī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapšī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappušī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upšī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ninappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nittapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i nippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapšū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects",
      "source": "conjugation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "G",
        "2": "u",
        "dur": "inappuš",
        "imp": "upuš",
        "perf": "ittapuš",
        "pret": "ippuš"
      },
      "expansion": "napāšum (G, u, durative inappuš, perfect ittapuš, preterite ippuš, imperative upuš)",
      "name": "akk-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "OAkk",
        "3": "OBab"
      },
      "expansion": "(Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "u",
        "root": "n-p-š",
        "stem": "G"
      },
      "name": "akk-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Akkadian",
  "lang_code": "akk",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to breathe (freely), to relax"
      ],
      "id": "en-napāšum-akk-verb-4exoEdiQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "breathe",
          "breathe"
        ],
        [
          "relax",
          "relax"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Akkadian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Babylonian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be wide, expand, be abundant"
      ],
      "id": "en-napāšum-akk-verb-lwWB~6fP",
      "links": [
        [
          "wide",
          "wide"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "abundant",
          "abundant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/naˈpaː.ʃum/",
      "note": "Old Babylonian"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "non-mimated",
      "word": "napāšu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "PEŠ₅",
      "word": "𒆒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "PA.AN",
      "word": "𒉺𒀭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "na-pa-šu",
      "word": "𒈾𒉺𒋗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "na-pa-šu₂",
      "word": "𒈾𒉺𒋙"
    }
  ],
  "word": "napāšum"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Akkadian G-stem verbs",
    "Akkadian class u verbs",
    "Akkadian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Akkadian lemmas",
    "Akkadian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Akkadian verbs",
    "Old Akkadian",
    "Old Babylonian",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "تَنَفَّسَ‬‬",
        "t": "to breathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hbo",
        "2": "נָפַשׁ",
        "t": "to breathe",
        "tr": "nɔp̄áš"
      },
      "expansion": "Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with Arabic تَنَفَّسَ (tanaffasa‬‬, “to breathe”) and Biblical Hebrew נָפַשׁ (nɔp̄áš, “to breathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inappuš",
      "tags": [
        "durative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapuš",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippuš",
      "tags": [
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upuš",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "akk-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napāšum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nāpišum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napšum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "attapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "appuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "luppuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappušī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapšī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappušī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upšī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ninappuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nittapuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i nippuš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tanappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tattapšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "upšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapšū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippušū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inappušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "durative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ittapšā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ippušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lippušā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects",
      "source": "conjugation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "G",
        "2": "u",
        "dur": "inappuš",
        "imp": "upuš",
        "perf": "ittapuš",
        "pret": "ippuš"
      },
      "expansion": "napāšum (G, u, durative inappuš, perfect ittapuš, preterite ippuš, imperative upuš)",
      "name": "akk-verb"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "OAkk",
        "3": "OBab"
      },
      "expansion": "(Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "u",
        "root": "n-p-š",
        "stem": "G"
      },
      "name": "akk-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Akkadian",
  "lang_code": "akk",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to breathe (freely), to relax"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breathe",
          "breathe"
        ],
        [
          "relax",
          "relax"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be wide, expand, be abundant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wide",
          "wide"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "abundant",
          "abundant"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/naˈpaː.ʃum/",
      "note": "Old Babylonian"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "non-mimated",
      "word": "napāšu"
    },
    {
      "roman": "PEŠ₅",
      "word": "𒆒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "PA.AN",
      "word": "𒉺𒀭"
    },
    {
      "roman": "na-pa-šu",
      "word": "𒈾𒉺𒋗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "na-pa-šu₂",
      "word": "𒈾𒉺𒋙"
    }
  ],
  "word": "napāšum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for napāšum meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: G",
  "path": [
    "napāšum"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "napāšum",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: u",
  "path": [
    "napāšum"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "napāšum",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2522",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Akkadian]; cleaned text: This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects, see Appendix:Akkadian dialectal conjugation., style: font-size:85%; text-align:left////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
  "path": [
    "napāšum"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "napāšum",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. For conjugation in other dialects",
  "path": [
    "napāšum"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "napāšum",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for dummy-ignored-text-cell",
  "path": [
    "napāšum"
  ],
  "section": "Akkadian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "napāšum",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.