"néal" meaning in All languages combined

See néal on Wiktionary

Noun [Irish]

IPA: /nʲiːa̯l̪ˠ/ [Munster], /n̠ʲeːlˠ/ [Connacht, Ulster], /n̠ʲeːl̪ˠ/ [Connacht, Ulster]
Etymology: From Old Irish nél, as also Scottish Gaelic neul. Cognate with Welsh niwl; a Celtic loanword either from Vulgar Latin *nībulus, a modification of Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”), or from Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”). It cannot come from a Proto-Celtic form with *-bl-, as this cluster remained in Old Irish (e.g. mebul (“shame”) from *meblā). Etymology templates: {{inh|ga|sga|nél}} Old Irish nél, {{cog|gd|neul}} Scottish Gaelic neul, {{cog|cy|niwl}} Welsh niwl, {{der|ga|cel|-}} Celtic, {{der|ga|VL.|*nībulus}} Vulgar Latin *nībulus, {{der|ga|la|nūbilus||cloudy}} Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”), {{der|ga|gem-pro|*nebulaz||cloud, mist}} Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”), {{m|cel-pro||*-bl-}} *-bl-, {{m|sga|mebul|t=shame}} mebul (“shame”), {{m|cel-pro|*meblā}} *meblā Head templates: {{head|ga|noun|genitive singular|néil|||||||nominative plural|néalta|||||cat2=|f1request=1|f4request=1|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=}} néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta), {{ga-noun|m|néil|~ta}} néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta) Inflection templates: {{ga-decl-m1|n|éal|éil|pl=éalta|strong=yes}} Forms: néil [genitive, singular], néalta [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], néal [indefinite, nominative, singular], néalta [indefinite, nominative, plural], a néil [indefinite, singular, vocative], a néalta [indefinite, plural, vocative], néil [genitive, indefinite, singular], néalta [genitive, indefinite, plural], néal [dative, indefinite, singular], néalta [dative, indefinite, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], an néal [definite, nominative, singular], na néalta [definite, nominative, plural], an néil [definite, genitive, singular], na néalta [definite, genitive, plural], leis an néal [dative, definite, singular], don néal [dative, definite, singular], leis na néalta [dative, definite, plural]
  1. cloud Tags: masculine Synonyms: scamall
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-VmgQELdT
  2. depression Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-dP0udTxO
  3. gloomy expression Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Weather
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-IeqaQ8HS Disambiguation of Weather: 7 31 40 7 7 8 Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Irish entries with incorrect language header: 2 20 54 3 9 12
  4. fit, paroxysm Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-q03s9KZt
  5. swoon, nap, snooze Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-NgwRItbu
  6. daze Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-néal-ga-noun-OmOz4De4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: neul [obsolete] Derived forms: aisnéal (english: swoon) [masculine], fonéal (english: small cloud) [masculine], néalchruthaíocht (english: cloud formation) [feminine], néalmhar (english: nebulous, nebular; clouded, gloomy; sleepy) [adjective], néalríomhaireacht (english: cloud computing) [feminine], néaltach (english: cloudy) [adjective], réaltnéal (english: nebula) [masculine], támhnéal (english: swoon, trance) [masculine]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for néal meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "swoon",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aisnéal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "small cloud",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fonéal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "cloud formation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "néalchruthaíocht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "nebulous, nebular; clouded, gloomy; sleepy",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "néalmhar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "cloud computing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "néalríomhaireacht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "cloudy",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "néaltach"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "nebula",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "réaltnéal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "swoon, trance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "támhnéal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "nél"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish nél",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "neul"
      },
      "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic neul",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "niwl"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh niwl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*nībulus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *nībulus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nūbilus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cloudy"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*nebulaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cloud, mist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-bl-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-bl-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "mebul",
        "t": "shame"
      },
      "expansion": "mebul (“shame”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*meblā"
      },
      "expansion": "*meblā",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish nél, as also Scottish Gaelic neul. Cognate with Welsh niwl; a Celtic loanword either from Vulgar Latin *nībulus, a modification of Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”), or from Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”). It cannot come from a Proto-Celtic form with *-bl-, as this cluster remained in Old Irish (e.g. mebul (“shame”) from *meblā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "néil",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-m1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-m1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis an néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "nominative plural",
        "12": "néalta",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive singular",
        "4": "néil",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f4request": "1",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "néil",
        "3": "~ta"
      },
      "expansion": "néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta)",
      "name": "ga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "éal",
        "3": "éil",
        "pl": "éalta",
        "strong": "yes"
      },
      "name": "ga-decl-m1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-VmgQELdT",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "scamall"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "depression"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-dP0udTxO",
      "links": [
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 20 54 3 9 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 31 40 7 7 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ga",
          "name": "Weather",
          "orig": "ga:Weather",
          "parents": [
            "Atmosphere",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy expression"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-IeqaQ8HS",
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "expression",
          "expression"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fit, paroxysm"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-q03s9KZt",
      "links": [
        [
          "fit",
          "fit"
        ],
        [
          "paroxysm",
          "paroxysm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swoon, nap, snooze"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-NgwRItbu",
      "links": [
        [
          "swoon",
          "swoon"
        ],
        [
          "nap",
          "nap"
        ],
        [
          "snooze",
          "snooze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "daze"
      ],
      "id": "en-néal-ga-noun-OmOz4De4",
      "links": [
        [
          "daze",
          "daze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nʲiːa̯l̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲeːlˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Ulster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲeːl̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "neul"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "néal"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Irish first-declension nouns",
    "Irish lemmas",
    "Irish masculine nouns",
    "Irish nouns",
    "Irish terms derived from Celtic languages",
    "Irish terms derived from Latin",
    "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Irish terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
    "Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ga:Weather"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "swoon",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aisnéal"
    },
    {
      "english": "small cloud",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fonéal"
    },
    {
      "english": "cloud formation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "néalchruthaíocht"
    },
    {
      "english": "nebulous, nebular; clouded, gloomy; sleepy",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "néalmhar"
    },
    {
      "english": "cloud computing",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "néalríomhaireacht"
    },
    {
      "english": "cloudy",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "néaltach"
    },
    {
      "english": "nebula",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "réaltnéal"
    },
    {
      "english": "swoon, trance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "támhnéal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "nél"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish nél",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "neul"
      },
      "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic neul",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "niwl"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh niwl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*nībulus"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *nībulus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "nūbilus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cloudy"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*nebulaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cloud, mist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-bl-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-bl-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "mebul",
        "t": "shame"
      },
      "expansion": "mebul (“shame”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*meblā"
      },
      "expansion": "*meblā",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish nél, as also Scottish Gaelic neul. Cognate with Welsh niwl; a Celtic loanword either from Vulgar Latin *nībulus, a modification of Latin nūbilus (“cloudy”), or from Proto-Germanic *nebulaz (“cloud, mist”). It cannot come from a Proto-Celtic form with *-bl-, as this cluster remained in Old Irish (e.g. mebul (“shame”) from *meblā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "néil",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-m1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-m1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an néil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis an néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "don néal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leis na néalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "nominative plural",
        "12": "néalta",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive singular",
        "4": "néil",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f4request": "1",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "néil",
        "3": "~ta"
      },
      "expansion": "néal m (genitive singular néil, nominative plural néalta)",
      "name": "ga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "éal",
        "3": "éil",
        "pl": "éalta",
        "strong": "yes"
      },
      "name": "ga-decl-m1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloud",
          "cloud"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "scamall"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "depression"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "depression",
          "depression"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy expression"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "expression",
          "expression"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fit, paroxysm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fit",
          "fit"
        ],
        [
          "paroxysm",
          "paroxysm"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swoon, nap, snooze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swoon",
          "swoon"
        ],
        [
          "nap",
          "nap"
        ],
        [
          "snooze",
          "snooze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "daze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daze",
          "daze"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nʲiːa̯l̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Munster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲeːlˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Ulster"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/n̠ʲeːl̪ˠ/",
      "tags": [
        "Connacht",
        "Ulster"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "neul"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "D. A. Binchy",
    "Osborn Bergin"
  ],
  "word": "néal"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.