"leyp-" meaning in All languages combined

See leyp- on Wiktionary

Root [Proto-Indo-European]

Etymology: Often supposed to be an extension of *ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”). Etymology templates: {{m|ine-pro|*ley-|*ley-, *(s)ley-|to slip, slide, glide; slimy}} *ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”)
  1. to stick Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-leyp--ine-pro-root-vEvapJYQ
  2. fat or sticky substance Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-leyp--ine-pro-root-DDf1tBm3 Categories (other): Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots, Proto-Indo-European roots Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots: 0 100 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European roots: 0 100

Download JSON data for leyp- meaning in All languages combined (19.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*ráypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*ráypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रेपस्",
            "t": "dirty spot, stain",
            "tr": "répas"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रेपस् (répas, “dirty spot, stain”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रेपस् (répas, “dirty spot, stain”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*leyp-ó-m"
          },
          "expansion": "*leyp-ó-m",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*leyp-ó-m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*lībą",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *lībą",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *lībą (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti",
            "pos": "nasal-infix present"
          },
          "expansion": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti (nasal-infix present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti (nasal-infix present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *limpáti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *limpáti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *limpáti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *limpáti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिम्पति",
            "t": "to smear, pollute",
            "tr": "limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear, pollute”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear, pollute”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-yé-ti",
            "pos": "yé-present"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-yé-ti (yé-present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-yé-ti (yé-present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*libjaną",
            "t": "to live, be alive",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *libjaną (“to live, be alive”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *libjaną (“to live, be alive”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-éye-ti",
            "pos": "causative"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-éye-ti (causative)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-éye-ti (causative)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*laip-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laip-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laip-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipìnti"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipìnti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "láipioti"
          },
          "expansion": "láipioti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipìnti, láipioti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lěpiti",
            "t": "to smear, stick"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lěpiti (“to smear, stick”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lěpiti (“to smear, stick”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*laibijaną",
            "t": "leave behind"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laibijaną (“leave behind”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *laibijaną (“leave behind”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*bilaibijaną",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilaibijaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilaibijaną (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*laypáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *laypáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *laypáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*laypáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *laypáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *laypáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपयति",
            "t": "to smear",
            "tr": "lepáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपयति (lepáyati, “to smear”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपयति (lepáyati, “to smear”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-éh₂"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-éh₂",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-éh₂"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "làipa",
            "t": "footbridge"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: làipa (“footbridge”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: làipa (“footbridge”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*laibō",
            "t": "that which remains"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laibō (“that which remains”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *laibō (“that which remains”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lě̑pъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lě̑pъ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lě̑pъ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*láypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*láypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेप",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेप (lepa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेप (lepa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipaĩ",
            "t": "glue, adhesive"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipaĩ (“glue, adhesive”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipaĩ (“glue, adhesive”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*lípos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *lípos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *lípos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λίπος",
            "t": "fat"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λίπος (lípos, “fat”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λίπος (lípos, “fat”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "λίπος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: λίπος (lípos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: λίπος (lípos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-nó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-nó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-nó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipnùs",
            "t": "sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipnùs (“sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipnùs (“sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*lipnos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *lipnos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *lipnos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "lippus",
            "t": "dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Latin: lippus (“dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Latin: lippus (“dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-ró-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-ró-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-ró-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-r-éh₂",
            "g": "f"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-r-éh₂ f",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-r-éh₂ f"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*librō",
            "t": "liver",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *librō (“liver”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *librō (“liver”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*riprás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riprás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riprás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*riprás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riprás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riprás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्र",
            "t": "dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad",
            "tr": "riprá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप्र (riprá-, “dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप्र (riprá-, “dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-tó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-tó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-tó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lìptas",
            "t": "footbridge"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lìptas (“footbridge”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lìptas (“footbridge”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*liptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*liptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिप्त",
            "t": "smeared",
            "tr": "liptá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिप्त (liptá-, “smeared”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिप्त (liptá-, “smeared”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*riptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*riptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्त",
            "t": "stuck, adhering, smeared",
            "tr": "riptá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप्त (riptá-, “stuck, adhering, smeared”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप्त (riptá-, “stuck, adhering, smeared”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-ú-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-ú-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-ú-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*lipus"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lipus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lipus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipùs",
            "t": "sticky"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipùs (“sticky”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipùs (“sticky”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*ripúš"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ripúš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ripúš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*ripúṣ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ripúṣ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ripúṣ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिपु",
            "t": "fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous",
            "tr": "ripú-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिपु (ripú-, “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिपु (ripú-, “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "lipt"
          },
          "expansion": "Latvian: lipt",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "laipns"
          },
          "expansion": "laipns",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latvian: lipt, laipns"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lьnǫti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lьnǫti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lьnǫti (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*lībaną"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *lībaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *lībaną (with unexpected voiced Verner alternant) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*bilībaną",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilībaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilībaną (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "possibly"
          },
          "expansion": "(possibly)",
          "name": "qual"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*ainalif",
            "3": "",
            "4": "eleven",
            "lit": "one left"
          },
          "expansion": "*ainalif (“eleven”, literally “one left”)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*twalif",
            "3": "",
            "4": "twelve",
            "lit": "two left"
          },
          "expansion": "*twalif (“twelve”, literally “two left”)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Germanic: (possibly) *ainalif (“eleven”, literally “one left”), *twalif (“twelve”, literally “two left”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hellenic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λίπα",
            "t": "richly"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λίπα (lípa, “richly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λίπα (lípa, “richly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπαίνω",
            "t": "to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπάω"
          },
          "expansion": "λιπάω (lipáō)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich”), λιπάω (lipáō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπαρός",
            "t": "fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λιπαρός (liparós, “fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λιπαρός (liparós, “fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Iranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Aryan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपन",
            "t": "smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपन (lepana, “smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपन (lepana, “smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपिन्",
            "t": "smearing"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपिन् (lepin, “smearing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपिन् (lepin, “smearing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिपि",
            "t": "smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिपि (lipi, “smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिपि (lipi, “smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिप्यते",
            "t": "to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिप्यते (lipyate, “to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिप्यते (lipyate, “to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्",
            "t": "deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप् (rip, “deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप् (rip, “deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "lip",
            "t": "remain"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: lip (“remain”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: lip (“remain”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ley-",
        "3": "*ley-, *(s)ley-",
        "4": "to slip, slide, glide; slimy"
      },
      "expansion": "*ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Often supposed to be an extension of *ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyp-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stick"
      ],
      "id": "en-leyp--ine-pro-root-vEvapJYQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fat or sticky substance"
      ],
      "id": "en-leyp--ine-pro-root-DDf1tBm3",
      "links": [
        [
          "fat",
          "fat"
        ],
        [
          "sticky",
          "sticky"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "leyp-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Indo-European ReRC-shape roots",
    "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
    "Proto-Indo-European roots"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os"
          },
          "expansion": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*léyp-os ~ *léyp-es-os"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*ráypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ráypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*ráypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ráypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रेपस्",
            "t": "dirty spot, stain",
            "tr": "répas"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रेपस् (répas, “dirty spot, stain”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रेपस् (répas, “dirty spot, stain”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*leyp-ó-m"
          },
          "expansion": "*leyp-ó-m",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*leyp-ó-m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*lībą",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *lībą",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *lībą (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti",
            "pos": "nasal-infix present"
          },
          "expansion": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti (nasal-infix present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*li-né-p-ti ~ *li-m-p-énti (nasal-infix present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *limpáti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *limpáti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *limpáti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *limpáti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिम्पति",
            "t": "to smear, pollute",
            "tr": "limpáti"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear, pollute”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear, pollute”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-yé-ti",
            "pos": "yé-present"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-yé-ti (yé-present)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-yé-ti (yé-present)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*libjaną",
            "t": "to live, be alive",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *libjaną (“to live, be alive”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *libjaną (“to live, be alive”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-éye-ti",
            "pos": "causative"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-éye-ti (causative)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-éye-ti (causative)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*laip-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laip-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *laip-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipìnti"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipìnti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "láipioti"
          },
          "expansion": "láipioti",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipìnti, láipioti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lěpiti",
            "t": "to smear, stick"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lěpiti (“to smear, stick”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lěpiti (“to smear, stick”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*laibijaną",
            "t": "leave behind"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laibijaną (“leave behind”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *laibijaną (“leave behind”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*bilaibijaną",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilaibijaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilaibijaną (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*laypáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *laypáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *laypáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*laypáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *laypáyati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *laypáyati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपयति",
            "t": "to smear",
            "tr": "lepáyati"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपयति (lepáyati, “to smear”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपयति (lepáyati, “to smear”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-éh₂"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-éh₂",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-éh₂"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "làipa",
            "t": "footbridge"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: làipa (“footbridge”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: làipa (“footbridge”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*laibō",
            "t": "that which remains"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *laibō (“that which remains”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *laibō (“that which remains”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*loyp-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*loyp-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*loyp-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lě̑pъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lě̑pъ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lě̑pъ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*láypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*láypas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láypas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *láypas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेप",
            "tr": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेप (lepa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेप (lepa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-o-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-o-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-o-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipaĩ",
            "t": "glue, adhesive"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipaĩ (“glue, adhesive”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipaĩ (“glue, adhesive”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*lípos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *lípos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *lípos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λίπος",
            "t": "fat"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λίπος (lípos, “fat”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λίπος (lípos, “fat”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "λίπος"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: λίπος (lípos)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: λίπος (lípos)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-nó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-nó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-nó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipnùs",
            "t": "sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipnùs (“sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipnùs (“sticky, adhesive; sociable, likable, friendly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*lipnos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *lipnos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *lipnos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "lippus",
            "t": "dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Latin: lippus (“dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Latin: lippus (“dripping; festering; watery-eyed, drowsy”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-ró-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-ró-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-ró-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-r-éh₂",
            "g": "f"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-r-éh₂ f",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-r-éh₂ f"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*librō",
            "t": "liver",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *librō (“liver”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *librō (“liver”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*riprás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riprás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riprás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*riprás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riprás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riprás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्र",
            "t": "dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad",
            "tr": "riprá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप्र (riprá-, “dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप्र (riprá-, “dirt, impurity, stain; dirty, filthy, vile, bad”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-tó-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-tó-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-tó-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lìptas",
            "t": "footbridge"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lìptas (“footbridge”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lìptas (“footbridge”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*liptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*liptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिप्त",
            "t": "smeared",
            "tr": "liptá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिप्त (liptá-, “smeared”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिप्त (liptá-, “smeared”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*riptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *riptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*riptás"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riptás",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *riptás"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्त",
            "t": "stuck, adhering, smeared",
            "tr": "riptá-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप्त (riptá-, “stuck, adhering, smeared”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप्त (riptá-, “stuck, adhering, smeared”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-pro",
            "2": "",
            "3": "*lip-ú-s"
          },
          "expansion": "*lip-ú-s",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*lip-ú-s"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*lipus"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lipus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lipus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "lipùs",
            "t": "sticky"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: lipùs (“sticky”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: lipùs (“sticky”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*ripúš"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ripúš",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ripúš"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pro",
            "2": "*ripúṣ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ripúṣ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ripúṣ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिपु",
            "t": "fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous",
            "tr": "ripú-"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिपु (ripú-, “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिपु (ripú-, “fraudulent, deceitful, treacherous”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Unsorted formations:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balto-Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Eastern Baltic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "lipt"
          },
          "expansion": "Latvian: lipt",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "laipns"
          },
          "expansion": "laipns",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latvian: lipt, laipns"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*lьnǫti"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *lьnǫti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *lьnǫti (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*lībaną"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *lībaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *lībaną (with unexpected voiced Verner alternant) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*bilībaną",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilībaną",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *bilībaną (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "possibly"
          },
          "expansion": "(possibly)",
          "name": "qual"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*ainalif",
            "3": "",
            "4": "eleven",
            "lit": "one left"
          },
          "expansion": "*ainalif (“eleven”, literally “one left”)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*twalif",
            "3": "",
            "4": "twelve",
            "lit": "two left"
          },
          "expansion": "*twalif (“twelve”, literally “two left”)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Germanic: (possibly) *ainalif (“eleven”, literally “one left”), *twalif (“twelve”, literally “two left”) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hellenic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λίπα",
            "t": "richly"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λίπα (lípa, “richly”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λίπα (lípa, “richly”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπαίνω",
            "t": "to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπάω"
          },
          "expansion": "λιπάω (lipáō)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil, anoint, lubricate, enrich”), λιπάω (lipáō)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "λιπαρός",
            "t": "fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: λιπαρός (liparós, “fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: λιπαρός (liparós, “fatty, rich, oily, greasy, lubricated, shiny”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Iranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Indo-Aryan:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपन",
            "t": "smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपन (lepana, “smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपन (lepana, “smearing; liniment, oil; fat, flesh, meat”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लेपिन्",
            "t": "smearing"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लेपिन् (lepin, “smearing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लेपिन् (lepin, “smearing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिपि",
            "t": "smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिपि (lipi, “smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिपि (lipi, “smear(ing); painting, drawing, writing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "लिप्यते",
            "t": "to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: लिप्यते (lipyate, “to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: लिप्यते (lipyate, “to be stuck, attached, smeared (onto)”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sa",
            "2": "रिप्",
            "t": "deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy"
          },
          "expansion": "Sanskrit: रिप् (rip, “deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sanskrit: रिप् (rip, “deceit, injury; deceiver, injurer, enemy”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Tocharian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "txb",
            "2": "lip",
            "t": "remain"
          },
          "expansion": "Tocharian B: lip (“remain”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tocharian B: lip (“remain”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*ley-",
        "3": "*ley-, *(s)ley-",
        "4": "to slip, slide, glide; slimy"
      },
      "expansion": "*ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Often supposed to be an extension of *ley-, *(s)ley- (“to slip, slide, glide; slimy”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyp-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fat or sticky substance"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fat",
          "fat"
        ],
        [
          "sticky",
          "sticky"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "leyp-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.