"lauhortz" meaning in All languages combined

See lauhortz on Wiktionary

Noun [Basque]

IPA: /lau̯hort͡s̻/ [Navarro-Lapurdian], [lau̯.hort͡s̻] [Navarro-Lapurdian], /lau̯ort͡s̻/ [Southern], [lau̯.ort͡s̻] [Southern]
Rhymes: -au̯horts̻, -au̯orts̻ Etymology: lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”) Etymology templates: {{compound|eu|lau|hortz|t1=four|t2=tooth}} lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”) Head templates: {{eu-noun|in}} lauhortz inan Inflection templates: {{eu-decl-inanim}} Forms: inanimate [table-tags], lauhortz [absolutive, indefinite], lauhortza [absolutive, indefinite, singular], lauhortzak [absolutive, indefinite, plural], lauhortzek [ergative, indefinite], lauhortzak [ergative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzek [ergative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzi [dative, indefinite], lauhortzari [dative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzei [dative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzen [genitive, indefinite], lauhortzaren [genitive, indefinite, singular], lauhortzen [genitive, indefinite, plural], lauhortzekin [comitative, indefinite], lauhortzarekin [comitative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzekin [comitative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzengatik [causative, indefinite], lauhortzarengatik [causative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzengatik [causative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzentzat [benefactive, indefinite], lauhortzarentzat [benefactive, indefinite, singular], lauhortzentzat [benefactive, indefinite, plural], lauhortzez [indefinite, instrumental], lauhortzaz [indefinite, instrumental, singular], lauhortzez [indefinite, instrumental, plural], lauhortzetan [indefinite, inessive], lauhortzean [indefinite, inessive, singular], lauhortzetan [indefinite, inessive, plural], lauhortzetako [indefinite, locative], lauhortzeko [indefinite, locative, singular], lauhortzetako [indefinite, locative, plural], lauhortzetara [allative, indefinite], lauhortzera [allative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzetara [allative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzetaraino [indefinite, terminative], lauhortzeraino [indefinite, singular, terminative], lauhortzetaraino [indefinite, plural, terminative], lauhortzetarantz [directive, indefinite], lauhortzerantz [directive, indefinite, singular], lauhortzetarantz [directive, indefinite, plural], lauhortzetarako [destinative, indefinite], lauhortzerako [destinative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzetarako [destinative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzetatik [ablative, indefinite], lauhortzetik [ablative, indefinite, singular], lauhortzetatik [ablative, indefinite, plural], lauhortzik [indefinite, partitive], - [indefinite, partitive, singular], - [indefinite, partitive, plural], lauhorztzat [indefinite, prolative], - [indefinite, prolative, singular], - [indefinite, plural, prolative]
  1. four-toothed rake (for ploughing) Tags: inanimate Synonyms: nabasai
    Sense id: en-lauhortz-eu-noun-drzkJG2C Categories (other): Basque entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Basque entries with incorrect language header: 91 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 85 15 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 91 9
  2. fork Tags: inanimate Synonyms: sardexka
    Sense id: en-lauhortz-eu-noun-jQx6yZKv
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: hiruhortz, bostortz
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "lau",
        "3": "hortz",
        "t1": "four",
        "t2": "tooth"
      },
      "expansion": "lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inanimate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eu-decl-inanim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzari",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzaren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzaz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzean",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzeko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzeraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzerantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzerako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhorztzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "lauhortz inan",
      "name": "eu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lau‧hortz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "eu-decl-inanim"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hiruhortz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bostortz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "four-toothed rake (for ploughing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-lauhortz-eu-noun-drzkJG2C",
      "links": [
        [
          "rake",
          "rake"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nabasai"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fork"
      ],
      "id": "en-lauhortz-eu-noun-jQx6yZKv",
      "links": [
        [
          "fork",
          "fork"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sardexka"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lau̯hort͡s̻/",
      "tags": [
        "Navarro-Lapurdian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lau̯.hort͡s̻]",
      "tags": [
        "Navarro-Lapurdian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau̯ort͡s̻/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lau̯.ort͡s̻]",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-au̯horts̻"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-au̯orts̻"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lauhortz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Basque compound terms",
    "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
    "Basque inanimate nouns",
    "Basque lemmas",
    "Basque nouns",
    "Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Basque/au̯horts̻",
    "Rhymes:Basque/au̯horts̻/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Basque/au̯orts̻",
    "Rhymes:Basque/au̯orts̻/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "lau",
        "3": "hortz",
        "t1": "four",
        "t2": "tooth"
      },
      "expansion": "lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "lau (“four”) + hortz (“tooth”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "inanimate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eu-decl-inanim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "absolutive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ergative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzari",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzaren",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzekin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzengatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzarentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzentzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "benefactive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzaz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzean",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzeko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzera",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzeraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetaraino",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzerantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarantz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "directive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzerako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetarako",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "destinative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzetatik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhortzik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauhorztzat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "prolative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "prolative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "lauhortz inan",
      "name": "eu-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lau‧hortz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "eu-decl-inanim"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "hiruhortz"
    },
    {
      "word": "bostortz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "four-toothed rake (for ploughing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rake",
          "rake"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nabasai"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fork"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fork",
          "fork"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sardexka"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/lau̯hort͡s̻/",
      "tags": [
        "Navarro-Lapurdian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lau̯.hort͡s̻]",
      "tags": [
        "Navarro-Lapurdian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/lau̯ort͡s̻/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[lau̯.ort͡s̻]",
      "tags": [
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-au̯horts̻"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-au̯orts̻"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lauhortz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for lauhortz meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.