See kruppaz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*krupp",
"3": "*kropp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krupp, *kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krupp, *kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cropp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: cropp\nMiddle English: croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe\nEnglish: crop\nScots: crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: cropp\nMiddle English: croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe\nEnglish: crop\nScots: crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*krop"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Krop"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kropp",
"3": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kropp, krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kropp, krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westphalian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Krop, Krip"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Suerländer-Märkisch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westmünsterländisch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Kropp"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kropp",
"3": "crop"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kropp, crop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kropp, crop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: krop\nAfrikaans: krop\nNegerhollands: krop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: krop\nAfrikaans: krop\nNegerhollands: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*cruppus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cruppus\nCatalan: grop\nItalian: gruppo, groppo (see there for further descendants)\nSicilian: gruppu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cruppus\nCatalan: grop\nItalian: gruppo, groppo (see there for further descendants)\nSicilian: gruppu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kropf",
"3": "kroph"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kropf, kroph",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kropf, kroph"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kropf",
"3": "kroph"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kropf, kroph",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kropf, kroph"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Kropp"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Krapp"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Krapp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Krapp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kropf"
},
"expansion": "German: Kropf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kropf"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Kropp",
"3": "Krupp"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Kropp, Krupp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Kropp, Krupp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Frankfurterisch: IPA [kʀopʃ]"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "kröp"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: kröp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: kröp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kroppr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kroppr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kroppr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kroppur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kroppur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kroppur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kroppur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kroppur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kroppur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kropp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kropp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kropper"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kropper, krupper\nSwedish: kropp",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kropper, krupper\nSwedish: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "crope",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: crope, croupe, crupe\nMiddle French: croupe\nFrench: croupe (see there for further descendants)\nNorman: croupe\n→ Middle English: croupe, crop, crope, croppe, croup, crowpe\nEnglish: croup, croupe\nMiddle Scots: crouppe (hapax)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: crope, croupe, crupe\nMiddle French: croupe\nFrench: croupe (see there for further descendants)\nNorman: croupe\n→ Middle English: croupe, crop, crope, croppe, croup, crowpe\nEnglish: croup, croupe\nMiddle Scots: crouppe (hapax)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*grewb-",
"t": "to curve, bend, crawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ger-",
"t": "to turn, wind (into a mass)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, wind (into a mass)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گروه",
"t": "group",
"tr": "goruh"
},
"expansion": "Persian گروه (goruh, “group”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”), from a root Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, wind (into a mass)”), and compared with Persian گروه (goruh, “group”), though the reconstruction appears outdated (as more recent research reconstructs the proto-root as *grewbʰ-, see the entry for *kreupaną linked below), and the existence of a more fundamental root *ger- appears quite uncertain.\nKroonen tentatively considers the word an a-stem nominal formation related to *kruppōną (“to crawl”), itself the iterative to *kreupaną (“to crawl, writhe”), via sense development \"to bend down and crawl\" > \"to bunch oneself into a clump-like shape\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krupp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kruppaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a body; mass"
],
"id": "en-kruppaz-gem-pro-noun-eJILFGOK",
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a compressed, round mass; lump; ball"
],
"id": "en-kruppaz-gem-pro-noun-vMXZ7YWl",
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 18 44 28 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 51 22 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 15 47 34 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a group; bunch; collection"
],
"id": "en-kruppaz-gem-pro-noun-Z7l8AFgN",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
],
[
"collection",
"collection"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a crop; bunch; cluster; head (of grain)"
],
"id": "en-kruppaz-gem-pro-noun-zPetWkea",
"links": [
[
"crop",
"crop"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
],
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"qualifier": "fruit; plant; corn; fruit; plant; corn",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of harvest, fruit, plant, corn) a crop; bunch; cluster; head (of grain)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of harvest"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a crop"
],
"id": "en-kruppaz-gem-pro-noun-TwJlCC~E",
"links": [
[
"crop",
"crop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a bird) a crop"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a bird"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrup.pɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kruppaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*krupp",
"3": "*kropp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krupp, *kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krupp, *kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cropp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: cropp\nMiddle English: croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe\nEnglish: crop\nScots: crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: cropp\nMiddle English: croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe\nEnglish: crop\nScots: crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*krop"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Krop"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kropp",
"3": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kropp, krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kropp, krop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: krop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westphalian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Krop, Krip"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Suerländer-Märkisch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Westmünsterländisch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "Kropp"
},
"expansion": "Plautdietsch: Kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Plautdietsch: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kropp",
"3": "crop"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kropp, crop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kropp, crop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: krop\nAfrikaans: krop\nNegerhollands: krop",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: krop\nAfrikaans: krop\nNegerhollands: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*cruppus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cruppus\nCatalan: grop\nItalian: gruppo, groppo (see there for further descendants)\nSicilian: gruppu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Vulgar Latin: *cruppus\nCatalan: grop\nItalian: gruppo, groppo (see there for further descendants)\nSicilian: gruppu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kropf",
"3": "kroph"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kropf, kroph",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kropf, kroph"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kropf",
"3": "kroph"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kropf, kroph",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kropf, kroph"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Kropp"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Kropp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Krapp"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Krapp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Krapp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kropf"
},
"expansion": "German: Kropf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kropf"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Kropp",
"3": "Krupp"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Kropp, Krupp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Kropp, Krupp"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Frankfurterisch: IPA [kʀopʃ]"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "kröp"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: kröp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: kröp"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kroppr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kroppr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kroppr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kroppur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kroppur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kroppur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kroppur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kroppur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kroppur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kropp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kropp"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kropp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kropper"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kropper, krupper\nSwedish: kropp",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kropper, krupper\nSwedish: kropp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "krop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: krop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: krop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "crope",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: crope, croupe, crupe\nMiddle French: croupe\nFrench: croupe (see there for further descendants)\nNorman: croupe\n→ Middle English: croupe, crop, crope, croppe, croup, crowpe\nEnglish: croup, croupe\nMiddle Scots: crouppe (hapax)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: crope, croupe, crupe\nMiddle French: croupe\nFrench: croupe (see there for further descendants)\nNorman: croupe\n→ Middle English: croupe, crop, crope, croppe, croup, crowpe\nEnglish: croup, croupe\nMiddle Scots: crouppe (hapax)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*grewb-",
"t": "to curve, bend, crawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ger-",
"t": "to turn, wind (into a mass)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, wind (into a mass)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گروه",
"t": "group",
"tr": "goruh"
},
"expansion": "Persian گروه (goruh, “group”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”), from a root Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, wind (into a mass)”), and compared with Persian گروه (goruh, “group”), though the reconstruction appears outdated (as more recent research reconstructs the proto-root as *grewbʰ-, see the entry for *kreupaną linked below), and the existence of a more fundamental root *ger- appears quite uncertain.\nKroonen tentatively considers the word an a-stem nominal formation related to *kruppōną (“to crawl”), itself the iterative to *kreupaną (“to crawl, writhe”), via sense development \"to bend down and crawl\" > \"to bunch oneself into a clump-like shape\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krupp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruppamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kruppaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a body; mass"
],
"links": [
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"mass",
"mass"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a compressed, round mass; lump; ball"
],
"links": [
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a group; bunch; collection"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
],
[
"collection",
"collection"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a crop; bunch; cluster; head (of grain)"
],
"links": [
[
"crop",
"crop"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
],
[
"cluster",
"cluster"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"qualifier": "fruit; plant; corn; fruit; plant; corn",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of harvest, fruit, plant, corn) a crop; bunch; cluster; head (of grain)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of harvest"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a crop"
],
"links": [
[
"crop",
"crop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a bird) a crop"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a bird"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrup.pɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kruppaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kruppaz meaning in All languages combined (9.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.