See krǫpъ on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "firm piece of wood, clod",
"sense": "*krǫpěti (“to contract”)",
"word": "krǫpělь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "krǫpostь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "крꙋпꙑи"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: крꙋпꙑи (krupyi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: крꙋпꙑи (krupyi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "крѫпъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: крѫпъ (krǫpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: крѫпъ (krǫpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "круп",
"3": "кръп",
"t": "sturdy",
"t2": "concise, compact"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: круп (krup, “sturdy”), кръп (krǎp, “concise, compact”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: круп (krup, “sturdy”), кръп (krǎp, “concise, compact”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krupý",
"t": "robust"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krupý (“robust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krupý (“robust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krępy",
"t": "stocky, thickset"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krępy (“stocky, thickset”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krępy (“stocky, thickset”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krąp",
"der": "1",
"t": "silver bream"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: krąp (“silver bream”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "substantivized"
},
"expansion": "(substantivized)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: krąp (“silver bream”) (substantivized)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "krãpy"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: krãpy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: krãpy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krupъ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *krupъ",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*krúptei",
"4": "",
"5": "to contract, to crumple?"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *krúptei (“to contract, to crumple?”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krùpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to get scabby"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krùpti (“to get scabby”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krupt",
"3": "",
"4": "to frawn"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krupt (“to frawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewp-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hreubaz",
"3": "",
"4": "rough, scabby"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per Brückner and Sławski (accepted by Trubačev /ESSJa/), a doublet of *krupъ. Derksen distinguishes the two lemmas, but accepts that they have intermingled at later time.\nFurther origin probably from the root of Proto-Balto-Slavic *krúptei (“to contract, to crumple?”), whence Lithuanian krùpti (“to get scabby”), Latvian krupt (“to frawn”), with inchoatic nasal infix. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krewp-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to bend, to crook”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*krupъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*krǫpavъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpějemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpějemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫpъ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "frigile",
"word": "krъpъkъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "crispy, brittle",
"word": "xrǫpъkъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "lump, type of bread",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "kruxъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "frigile, brittle",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "kruxъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "clod, chunk",
"word": "krustъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "abrupt, steep",
"word": "krǫtъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"little, short (of size)"
],
"id": "en-krǫpъ-sla-pro-adj-moraejIs",
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
],
[
"short",
"short"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 50 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"concise, compact (of distribution, span)"
],
"id": "en-krǫpъ-sla-pro-adj-yerqZhw8",
"links": [
[
"concise",
"concise"
],
[
"compact",
"compact"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"english": "coarse",
"sense": "*krupa (“lump; groats”)",
"word": "krupьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 84 16",
"english": "grainy",
"sense": "*krupa (“lump; groats”)",
"word": "krupěnъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 50 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"robust, stocky, firm (of stature)"
],
"id": "en-krǫpъ-sla-pro-adj-ud6C0drY",
"links": [
[
"robust",
"robust"
],
[
"stocky",
"stocky"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "krǫpъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic doublets",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard adjectives",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "firm piece of wood, clod",
"sense": "*krǫpěti (“to contract”)",
"word": "krǫpělь"
},
{
"word": "krǫpostь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "крꙋпꙑи"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: крꙋпꙑи (krupyi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: крꙋпꙑи (krupyi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "крѫпъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: крѫпъ (krǫpŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: крѫпъ (krǫpŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "круп",
"3": "кръп",
"t": "sturdy",
"t2": "concise, compact"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: круп (krup, “sturdy”), кръп (krǎp, “concise, compact”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: круп (krup, “sturdy”), кръп (krǎp, “concise, compact”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "krupý",
"t": "robust"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: krupý (“robust”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: krupý (“robust”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krępy",
"t": "stocky, thickset"
},
"expansion": "Polish: krępy (“stocky, thickset”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: krępy (“stocky, thickset”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "krąp",
"der": "1",
"t": "silver bream"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: krąp (“silver bream”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "substantivized"
},
"expansion": "(substantivized)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: krąp (“silver bream”) (substantivized)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "krãpy"
},
"expansion": "Slovincian: krãpy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovincian: krãpy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krupъ",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of *krupъ",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*krúptei",
"4": "",
"5": "to contract, to crumple?"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *krúptei (“to contract, to crumple?”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krùpti",
"3": "",
"4": "to get scabby"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krùpti (“to get scabby”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "krupt",
"3": "",
"4": "to frawn"
},
"expansion": "Latvian krupt (“to frawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewp-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hreubaz",
"3": "",
"4": "rough, scabby"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per Brückner and Sławski (accepted by Trubačev /ESSJa/), a doublet of *krupъ. Derksen distinguishes the two lemmas, but accepts that they have intermingled at later time.\nFurther origin probably from the root of Proto-Balto-Slavic *krúptei (“to contract, to crumple?”), whence Lithuanian krùpti (“to get scabby”), Latvian krupt (“to frawn”), with inchoatic nasal infix. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krewp-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to bend, to crook”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *hreubaz (“rough, scabby”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*krupъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*krǫpavъ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpajego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpujemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpǫjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpějemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpějemь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpoje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpuju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"feminine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpěji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"neuter",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpъjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjimi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyjixъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpiji",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpyję̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "krǫpaja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krǫpъ",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "coarse",
"sense": "*krupa (“lump; groats”)",
"word": "krupьnъ"
},
{
"english": "grainy",
"sense": "*krupa (“lump; groats”)",
"word": "krupěnъ"
},
{
"english": "frigile",
"word": "krъpъkъ"
},
{
"english": "crispy, brittle",
"word": "xrǫpъkъ"
},
{
"english": "lump, type of bread",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "kruxъ"
},
{
"english": "frigile, brittle",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "kruxъ"
},
{
"english": "clod, chunk",
"word": "krustъ"
},
{
"english": "abrupt, steep",
"word": "krǫtъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"little, short (of size)"
],
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
],
[
"short",
"short"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"concise, compact (of distribution, span)"
],
"links": [
[
"concise",
"concise"
],
[
"compact",
"compact"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"robust, stocky, firm (of stature)"
],
"links": [
[
"robust",
"robust"
],
[
"stocky",
"stocky"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "krǫpъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krǫpъ meaning in All languages combined (16.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (5d527b9 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.