"krūd" meaning in All languages combined

See krūd on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-West Germanic]

Etymology: Unknown; possibly: * from *krūdan (“to press, push, crowd”), with the original meaning “crowding plant, weed”, compare Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”), perhaps from the related iterative *krūttōną (“to pack”), * cognate with Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”), from βρύω (brúō, “to swell”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”), * or borrowed from a substrate language. Etymology templates: {{unk|gmw-pro}} Unknown, {{noncog|nl|krodde|t=several small weeds}} Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”), {{cog|grc|βρῠ́ον|t=tree-moss, etc.}} Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”), {{der|gmw-pro|ine-pro|*gʷéru|t=skewer; spear}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”), {{sup|u̯}} ^(u̯), {{bor|gmw-pro|qfa-sub}} substrate Head templates: {{head|gmw-pro|noun|g=n}} *krūd n Inflection templates: {{gmw-infl-noun-a|g=n}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], krūd [nominative, singular], krūdu [nominative, plural], krūd [accusative, singular], krūdu [accusative, plural], krūdas [genitive, singular], krūdō [genitive, plural], krūdē [dative, singular], krūdum [dative, plural], krūdu [instrumental, singular], krūdum [instrumental, plural]
  1. herb, plant Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: neuter, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-krūd-gmw-pro-noun-JJxSdt69 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "krūd"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: krūd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: krūd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Kruud"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Kruud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Kruud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "bussekruud"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: bussekruud",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "second element"
          },
          "expansion": "(second element)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: bussekruud (second element)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "krūd"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: krūd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: krūd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "krût",
            "3": "krûde"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: krût, krûde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: krût, krûde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Kruut"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Kruut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Kruut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pdt",
            "2": "Krut"
          },
          "expansion": "Plautdietsch: Krut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Plautdietsch: Krut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "krydd",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Norse: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Norse: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "krydd"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "krydd"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: krydder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "krydda",
            "3": "krydde",
            "4": "kryde",
            "g": "f",
            "g3": "n"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: krydda f, krydde, kryde n",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: krydda f, krydde, kryde n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "krydda"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: krydda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: krydda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "ryyti",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: ryyti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: ryyti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "krydderi"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: krydderi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: krydderi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "krudt",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "gunpowder"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: krudt (“gunpowder”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: krudt (“gunpowder”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "krút",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Faroese: krút",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Faroese: krút"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "ruuti",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: ruuti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: ruuti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "krūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: krūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: krūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "cruut",
            "3": "cruud"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: cruut, cruud",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "both variants used interchangeably"
          },
          "expansion": "(both variants used interchangeably)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: cruut, cruud (both variants used interchangeably)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kruid",
            "3": "kruit"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kruid, kruit",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "variants developed different meanings"
          },
          "expansion": "(variants developed different meanings)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kruid, kruit (variants developed different meanings)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "kruid"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: kruid",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: kruid"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "kroed"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: kroed",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: kroed"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "krūt",
            "3": "chrūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: krūt, chrūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: krūt, chrūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "krūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: krūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: krūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "Chruut",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: Chruut, Chrut, Chruud; Krut (Alsatian); chrud, chrüt (Walser)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: Chruut, Chrut, Chruud; Krut (Alsatian); chrud, chrüt (Walser)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Alsatian: Krut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Walser: chrit (Valais), chrud, chrüt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-cfr",
            "2": "Krock",
            "3": "Krout"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Franconian: Krock, Krout",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Franconian: Krock, Krout"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ksh",
            "2": "Kruck"
          },
          "expansion": "Kölsch: Kruck",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kölsch: Kruck"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Kraut"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Kraut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Kraut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sauerkraut",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: sauerkraut",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "second element"
          },
          "expansion": "(second element)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: sauerkraut (second element)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lb",
            "2": "Kraut"
          },
          "expansion": "Luxembourgish: Kraut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luxembourgish: Kraut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yi",
            "2": "קרויט"
          },
          "expansion": "Yiddish: קרויט (kroyt)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yiddish: קרויט (kroyt)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "krodde",
        "t": "several small weeds"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βρῠ́ον",
        "t": "tree-moss, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷéru",
        "t": "skewer; spear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u̯"
      },
      "expansion": "^(u̯)",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly:\n* from *krūdan (“to press, push, crowd”), with the original meaning “crowding plant, weed”, compare Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”), perhaps from the related iterative *krūttōną (“to pack”),\n* cognate with Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”), from βρύω (brúō, “to swell”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”),\n* or borrowed from a substrate language.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Neuter a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "*krūd n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krūd",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "herb, plant"
      ],
      "id": "en-krūd-gmw-pro-noun-JJxSdt69",
      "links": [
        [
          "herb",
          "herb"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "krūd"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "krūd"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: krūd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: krūd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Kruud"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Kruud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Kruud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "bussekruud"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: bussekruud",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "second element"
          },
          "expansion": "(second element)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: bussekruud (second element)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "krūd"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: krūd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: krūd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "krût",
            "3": "krûde"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: krût, krûde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: krût, krûde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Kruut"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Kruut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Kruut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pdt",
            "2": "Krut"
          },
          "expansion": "Plautdietsch: Krut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Plautdietsch: Krut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "krydd",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Norse: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Norse: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "krydd"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "krydd"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: krydd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: krydd"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: krydder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "krydda",
            "3": "krydde",
            "4": "kryde",
            "g": "f",
            "g3": "n"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: krydda f, krydde, kryde n",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: krydda f, krydde, kryde n"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "krydda"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: krydda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: krydda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "ryyti",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: ryyti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: ryyti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "krydderi"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: krydderi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: krydderi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "krudt",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "gunpowder"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: krudt (“gunpowder”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: krudt (“gunpowder”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "krút",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Faroese: krút",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Faroese: krút"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "ruuti",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: ruuti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: ruuti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "krūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: krūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: krūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "cruut",
            "3": "cruud"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: cruut, cruud",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "both variants used interchangeably"
          },
          "expansion": "(both variants used interchangeably)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: cruut, cruud (both variants used interchangeably)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kruid",
            "3": "kruit"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kruid, kruit",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "variants developed different meanings"
          },
          "expansion": "(variants developed different meanings)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kruid, kruit (variants developed different meanings)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "kruid"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: kruid",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Afrikaans: kruid"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "kroed"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: kroed",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: kroed"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "krūt",
            "3": "chrūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: krūt, chrūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: krūt, chrūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "krūt"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: krūt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: krūt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "Chruut",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: Chruut, Chrut, Chruud; Krut (Alsatian); chrud, chrüt (Walser)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: Chruut, Chrut, Chruud; Krut (Alsatian); chrud, chrüt (Walser)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Alsatian: Krut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Walser: chrit (Valais), chrud, chrüt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-cfr",
            "2": "Krock",
            "3": "Krout"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Franconian: Krock, Krout",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Franconian: Krock, Krout"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ksh",
            "2": "Kruck"
          },
          "expansion": "Kölsch: Kruck",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kölsch: Kruck"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Kraut"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Kraut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Kraut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "sauerkraut",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: sauerkraut",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "second element"
          },
          "expansion": "(second element)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: sauerkraut (second element)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lb",
            "2": "Kraut"
          },
          "expansion": "Luxembourgish: Kraut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Luxembourgish: Kraut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yi",
            "2": "קרויט"
          },
          "expansion": "Yiddish: קרויט (kroyt)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yiddish: קרויט (kroyt)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "krodde",
        "t": "several small weeds"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "βρῠ́ον",
        "t": "tree-moss, etc."
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷéru",
        "t": "skewer; spear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u̯"
      },
      "expansion": "^(u̯)",
      "name": "sup"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly:\n* from *krūdan (“to press, push, crowd”), with the original meaning “crowding plant, weed”, compare Dutch krodde (“several small weeds”), perhaps from the related iterative *krūttōną (“to pack”),\n* cognate with Ancient Greek βρῠ́ον (brúon, “tree-moss, etc.”), from βρύω (brúō, “to swell”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéru (“skewer; spear”),\n* or borrowed from a substrate language.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Neuter a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "krūdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "*krūd n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n"
      },
      "name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krūd",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
        "Proto-West Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "gmw-pro:Plants",
        "gmw-pro:Spices and herbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "herb, plant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "herb",
          "herb"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "krūd"
}

Download raw JSONL data for krūd meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.