"koňь" meaning in All languages combined

See koňь on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: There are two theories about its origin: * (Vasmer, Skok, Długosz-Kurczabowa, Holub/Kopečný): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), from early *kobňь, akin to *kobyla (“mare”). Compare Latin caballus (“working horse”), Proto-Celtic *kapallos (> Old Irish capall). * (Brückner, Długosz-Kurczabowa): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), related to Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”) cognate with Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”), Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”). (Note, however, that komosić does not seem to exist in East or South Slavic and therefore probably is not very old and that Skok explains the similar verbs komešati (“stir, mix”) and kovitlati (“gyrate, form an eddy”) with a prefix *ko-.) Etymology templates: {{cog|orv|комонь||horse}} Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”), {{cog|la|caballus||working horse}} Latin caballus (“working horse”), {{cog|cel-pro|*kapallos}} Proto-Celtic *kapallos, {{cog|sga|capall}} Old Irish capall, {{cog|orv|комонь|t=horse}} Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”), {{m+|pl|komosić|t=make wild, enrage}} Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”), {{cog|lt|kumelė||mare}} Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”), {{cog|prg|kamnet||horse}} Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”) Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|kòňь|ap=b}} Forms: kòňь [canonical, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], b [accent-paradigm], kòňь [nominative, singular], koňà [dual, nominative], koňì [nominative, plural], koňà [genitive, singular], koňù [dual, genitive], kòňь [genitive, plural], koňù [dative, singular], koňèma [dative, dual], kòňemъ [dative, plural], kòňь [accusative, singular], koňà [accusative, dual], koňę̇̀ [accusative, plural], koňь̀mь [instrumental, singular], koňèmь [instrumental, singular], koňèma [dual, instrumental], kòňi [instrumental, plural], koňì [locative, singular], koňù [dual, locative], kòňixъ [locative, plural], koňu [singular, vocative], koňà [dual, vocative], koňì [plural, vocative]
  1. horse Wikipedia link: Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *komoňь Derived forms: konьnъ (english: equine), konьskъ (english: horsy), konьnikъ (english: knight), konьnica (english: cavalry), koňušьna (english: stable), koňarь (english: stableman, syce), koňevodъ (english: horse herder), koňekradъ (english: horse thief), konotopъ (english: swamp) Related terms: komoňь [possibly]
    Sense id: en-koňь-sla-pro-noun-~WKGK23C Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b

Download JSON data for koňь meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "конь"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: конь (konĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: конь (konʹ), кѡнь (kônʹ), кунь (kunʹ)\nBelarusian: конь (konʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кӱнь (künʹ)\nUkrainian: кінь (kinʹ); кунь (kunʹ) (dialectal)\nRussian: конь (konʹ)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: конь (konĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: конь (konʹ), кѡнь (kônʹ), кунь (kunʹ)\nBelarusian: конь (konʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кӱнь (künʹ)\nUkrainian: кінь (kinʹ); кунь (kunʹ) (dialectal)\nRussian: конь (konʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ono",
            "2": "коне"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: коне (kone)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Novgorodian: коне (kone)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "кон҄ь",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кон҄ь (konʹĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: кон҄ь (konʹĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰽⱁⱀⱐ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐ (konĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐ (konĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кон"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: кон (kon)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: кон (kon)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "коњ"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: коњ (konj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: коњ (konj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ко̏њ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̏њ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ко̏њ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "kȍnj",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: kȍnj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: kȍnj"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "kȍnj",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: kȍnj",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kȍnj"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: kȍnj (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: kȍnj (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "kóň"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: kóň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: kóň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "kůň"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: kůň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: kůň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "koń"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: koń\nMasurian: kóń\nPolish: koń\nSilesian: kōń",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: koń\nMasurian: kóń\nPolish: koń\nSilesian: kōń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "kôň"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: kôň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: kôň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "ťün"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: ťün",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: ťün"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: kóń"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "комонь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caballus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "working horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caballus (“working horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kapallos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kapallos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "capall"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish capall",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "комонь",
        "t": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "komosić",
        "t": "make wild, enrage"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kumelė",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mare"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "kamnet",
        "3": "",
        "4": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are two theories about its origin:\n* (Vasmer, Skok, Długosz-Kurczabowa, Holub/Kopečný): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), from early *kobňь, akin to *kobyla (“mare”). Compare Latin caballus (“working horse”), Proto-Celtic *kapallos (> Old Irish capall).\n* (Brückner, Długosz-Kurczabowa): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), related to Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”) cognate with Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”), Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”). (Note, however, that komosić does not seem to exist in East or South Slavic and therefore probably is not very old and that Skok explains the similar verbs komešati (“stir, mix”) and kovitlati (“gyrate, form an eddy”) with a prefix *ko-.)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňę̇̀",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňь̀mь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kòňь",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koňь",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "equine",
          "word": "konьnъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "horsy",
          "word": "konьskъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "knight",
          "word": "konьnikъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "cavalry",
          "word": "konьnica"
        },
        {
          "english": "stable",
          "word": "koňušьna"
        },
        {
          "english": "stableman, syce",
          "word": "koňarь"
        },
        {
          "english": "horse herder",
          "word": "koňevodъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "horse thief",
          "word": "koňekradъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "swamp",
          "word": "konotopъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horse"
      ],
      "id": "en-koňь-sla-pro-noun-~WKGK23C",
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "possibly"
          ],
          "word": "komoňь"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*komoňь"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koňь"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "equine",
      "word": "konьnъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "horsy",
      "word": "konьskъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "knight",
      "word": "konьnikъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "cavalry",
      "word": "konьnica"
    },
    {
      "english": "stable",
      "word": "koňušьna"
    },
    {
      "english": "stableman, syce",
      "word": "koňarь"
    },
    {
      "english": "horse herder",
      "word": "koňevodъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "horse thief",
      "word": "koňekradъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "swamp",
      "word": "konotopъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "конь"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: конь (konĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: конь (konʹ), кѡнь (kônʹ), кунь (kunʹ)\nBelarusian: конь (konʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кӱнь (künʹ)\nUkrainian: кінь (kinʹ); кунь (kunʹ) (dialectal)\nRussian: конь (konʹ)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: конь (konĭ)\nOld Ruthenian: конь (konʹ), кѡнь (kônʹ), кунь (kunʹ)\nBelarusian: конь (konʹ)\nCarpathian Rusyn: кӱнь (künʹ)\nUkrainian: кінь (kinʹ); кунь (kunʹ) (dialectal)\nRussian: конь (konʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ono",
            "2": "коне"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Novgorodian: коне (kone)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Novgorodian: коне (kone)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "кон҄ь",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: кон҄ь (konʹĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: кон҄ь (konʹĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰽⱁⱀⱐ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐ (konĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰽⱁⱀⱐ (konĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "кон"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: кон (kon)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: кон (kon)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "коњ"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: коњ (konj)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: коњ (konj)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ко̏њ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ко̏њ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ко̏њ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "kȍnj",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: kȍnj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: kȍnj"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "kȍnj",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: kȍnj",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kȍnj"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: kȍnj (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: kȍnj (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "kóň"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: kóň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: kóň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "kůň"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: kůň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: kůň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "koń"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: koń\nMasurian: kóń\nPolish: koń\nSilesian: kōń",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: koń\nMasurian: kóń\nPolish: koń\nSilesian: kōń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "kôň"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: kôň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: kôň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "ťün"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: ťün",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: ťün"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: kóń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "kóń"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: kóń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: kóń"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "комонь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "caballus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "working horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caballus (“working horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*kapallos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kapallos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "capall"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish capall",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "комонь",
        "t": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "komosić",
        "t": "make wild, enrage"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kumelė",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mare"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "kamnet",
        "3": "",
        "4": "horse"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are two theories about its origin:\n* (Vasmer, Skok, Długosz-Kurczabowa, Holub/Kopečný): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), from early *kobňь, akin to *kobyla (“mare”). Compare Latin caballus (“working horse”), Proto-Celtic *kapallos (> Old Irish capall).\n* (Brückner, Długosz-Kurczabowa): from *komňь (cf. Old East Slavic комонь (komonĭ, “horse”)), related to Polish komosić (“make wild, enrage”) cognate with Lithuanian kumelė (“mare”), Old Prussian kamnet (“horse”). (Note, however, that komosić does not seem to exist in East or South Slavic and therefore probably is not very old and that Skok explains the similar verbs komešati (“stir, mix”) and kovitlati (“gyrate, form an eddy”) with a prefix *ko-.)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňę̇̀",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňь̀mь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňèma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňù",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kòňixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňà",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koňì",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kòňь",
        "ap": "b"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koňь",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "komoňь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations",
        "sla-pro:Equids"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "horse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*komoňь"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koňь"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.