"khó" meaning in All languages combined

See khó on Wiktionary

Adjective [Vietnamese]

IPA: [xɔ˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [kʰɔ˨˩˦] [Huế], [xɔ˨˩˦] [Huế], [kʰɔ˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City], [xɔ˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City] Forms: [CJK], [CJK], 𧁷 [CJK], 𧁹 [CJK]
Etymology: From Late Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ, from Middle Chinese 苦 (MC khuX) (SV: khổ); cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰɔː³. Etymology templates: {{inh|vi|mkh-vie-pro|*kʰɔːʔ||}} Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ, {{der|vi|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|苦|id=1}} 苦 (MC khuX), {{m|vi|khổ}} khổ, {{cog|tou|-}} Tho Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||head=|tr=苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹}} khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹), {{vi-adj|苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹}} khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹)
  1. difficult; tough
    Sense id: en-khó-vi-adj-V23ZKsJ5
  2. (of a person) hard to get along with; hard to please
    Sense id: en-khó-vi-adj-csPDipLn Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 11 87 2
  3. (euphemistic) poor (not rich) Tags: euphemistic Synonyms (poor): nghèo
    Sense id: en-khó-vi-adj-Tk8hCMoz Categories (other): Vietnamese euphemisms Disambiguation of 'poor': 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: khó chịu, khó dễ, khó khăn (từ láy), khó lòng, khó nhằn, khó ở, khó tính, khốn khó

Download JSON data for khó meaning in All languages combined (2.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “easy, simple”",
      "word": "dễ"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó chịu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó dễ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "từ láy",
      "word": "khó khăn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó lòng"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó nhằn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó ở"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khó tính"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "khốn khó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*kʰɔːʔ",
        "4": "",
        "5": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "苦 (MC khuX)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khổ"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tou",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tho",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ, from Middle Chinese 苦 (MC khuX) (SV: khổ); cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰɔː³.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "庫",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𧁷",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𧁹",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹"
      },
      "expansion": "khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹"
      },
      "expansion": "khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹)",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult; tough"
      ],
      "id": "en-khó-vi-adj-V23ZKsJ5",
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 87 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard to get along with; hard to please"
      ],
      "id": "en-khó-vi-adj-csPDipLn",
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "get along",
          "get along"
        ],
        [
          "please",
          "please"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a person) hard to get along with; hard to please"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese euphemisms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor (not rich)"
      ],
      "id": "en-khó-vi-adj-Tk8hCMoz",
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic) poor (not rich)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "sense": "poor",
          "word": "nghèo"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰɔ˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰɔ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "khó"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “easy, simple”",
      "word": "dễ"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "khó chịu"
    },
    {
      "word": "khó dễ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "từ láy",
      "word": "khó khăn"
    },
    {
      "word": "khó lòng"
    },
    {
      "word": "khó nhằn"
    },
    {
      "word": "khó ở"
    },
    {
      "word": "khó tính"
    },
    {
      "word": "khốn khó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*kʰɔːʔ",
        "4": "",
        "5": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "苦 (MC khuX)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "khổ"
      },
      "expansion": "khổ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tou",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tho",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Proto-Vietic *kʰɔːʔ, from Middle Chinese 苦 (MC khuX) (SV: khổ); cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] kʰɔː³.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "苦",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "庫",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𧁷",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "𧁹",
      "tags": [
        "CJK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": "苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹"
      },
      "expansion": "khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹"
      },
      "expansion": "khó • (苦, 庫, 𧁷, 𧁹)",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult; tough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hard to get along with; hard to please"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "get along",
          "get along"
        ],
        [
          "please",
          "please"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of a person) hard to get along with; hard to please"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese euphemisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "poor (not rich)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poor",
          "poor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic) poor (not rich)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰɔ˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˨˩˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰɔ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xɔ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "poor",
      "word": "nghèo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khó"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.