"kaivadak" meaning in All languages combined

See kaivadak on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Finnic]

Etymology: From Proto-Uralic *kajwa-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk. Etymology templates: {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|*kajwa-}} Proto-Uralic *kajwa-, {{cog|smi-pro|*koajvōtēk}} Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-conj|kaiva}} Forms: kaiva- [stem], no-table-tags [table-tags], kaivan [first-person, present, singular], kaivoin [first-person, past, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], kaivagon [first-person, optative, singular], kaivat [present, second-person, singular], kaivoit [past, second-person, singular], kaivak [imperative, second-person, singular], kaivagos [optative, second-person, singular], kaivabi [present, singular, third-person], kaiva [present, singular, third-person], kaivoi [past, singular, third-person], kaivagasën [imperative, singular, third-person], kaivagosën [optative, singular, third-person], kaivakmëk [first-person, plural, present], kaivakmak [first-person, plural, present], kaivoimëk [first-person, past, plural], kaivoimak [first-person, past, plural], kaivagatëmëk [first-person, imperative, plural], kaivagatamak [first-person, imperative, plural], kaivagotëmëk [first-person, optative, plural], kaivagotamak [first-person, optative, plural], kaivaktëk [plural, present, second-person], kaivaktak [plural, present, second-person], kaivoidëk [past, plural, second-person], kaivoidak [past, plural, second-person], kaivagatë [imperative, plural, second-person], kaivagata [imperative, plural, second-person], kaivagot'ëk [optative, plural, second-person], kaivagotadak [optative, plural, second-person], kaivabat [plural, present, third-person], kaiva [plural, present, third-person], kaivoi [past, plural, third-person], kaivagasën [imperative, plural, third-person], kaivagosën [optative, plural, third-person], kaivaksën [passive, present], kaivat'aksën [passive, present], kaivadisën [passive, past], kaivattisën [passive, past], kaivadakahën [imperative, passive], kaivattakahën [imperative, passive], kaivadakohën [optative, passive], kaivattakohën [optative, passive], kaivak [connegative, present], - [connegative, past], kaivagak [connegative, imperative], kaivagok [connegative, optative], kaivaktak [connegative, passive, present], - [connegative, passive, past], kaivadagak [connegative, imperative, passive], kaivattagak [connegative, imperative, passive], kaivadagok [connegative, optative, passive], kaivattagok [connegative, optative, passive], kaivakcin [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, singular], kaivoicin [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, singular], kaivanën [first-person, potential, singular], kaivakcit [conditional, conditional-i, second-person, singular], kaivoicit [conditional, conditional-ii, second-person, singular], kaivanët [potential, second-person, singular], kaivakci [conditional, conditional-i, singular, third-person], kaivoici [conditional, conditional-ii, singular, third-person], kaivani [potential, singular, third-person], kaivakcimëk [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, plural], kaivakcimak [conditional, conditional-i, first-person, plural], kaivoicimëk [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, plural], kaivoicimak [conditional, conditional-ii, first-person, plural], kaivanëmëk [first-person, plural, potential], kaivanëmak [first-person, plural, potential], kaivakcidëk [conditional, conditional-i, plural, second-person], kaivakcidak [conditional, conditional-i, plural, second-person], kaivoicidëk [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, second-person], kaivoicidak [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, second-person], kaivanëdëk [plural, potential, second-person], kaivanëdak [plural, potential, second-person], kaivakci [conditional, conditional-i, plural, third-person], kaivoici [conditional, conditional-ii, plural, third-person], kaivani [plural, potential, third-person], kaivadakcihën [conditional, conditional-i, passive], kaivat'akcihën [conditional, conditional-i, passive], kaivadicihën [conditional, conditional-ii, passive], kaivatticihën [conditional, conditional-ii, passive], kaivadanëhën [passive, potential], kaivattanëhën [passive, potential], kaivakcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative], kaivoicik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative], kaivanëk [connegative, potential], kaivadakcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative, passive], kaivat'akcik [conditional, conditional-i, connegative, passive], kaivadicik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative, passive], kaivatticik [conditional, conditional-ii, connegative, passive], kaivadanëk [connegative, passive, potential], kaivattanëk [connegative, passive, potential], kaivadak [conditional, conditional-i, infinitive, infinitive-i], kaivaba [active, participle, present], kaivadapa [participle, passive, present], kaivattapa [participle, passive, present], kaivadë- [conditional, conditional-i, infinitive, infinitive-ii], kaivanut [active, participle, past], kaivadu [participle, passive, past], kaivattu [participle, passive, past], kaivama [conditional, conditional-i, gerund, supine], kaivaminen [conditional, conditional-i, noun-from-verb]
  1. to dig up, to excavate Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kaivadak-urj-fin-pro-verb-bss6aQYW Categories (other): Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi

Download JSONL data for kaivadak meaning in All languages combined (12.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kaevama"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kaevama",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kaevama/kaevata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kaivaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kaivaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kaivaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "kaivoa"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: kaivoa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: kaivoa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kouv"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kouv",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kouv"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "kaivada"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: kaivada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: kaivada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kaida"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kaida",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kaida"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kaibma"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kaibma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kaibma/kaibaq?"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kaiva"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kaiva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kaiva"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kajwa-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kajwa-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "smi-pro",
        "2": "*koajvōtēk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kajwa-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaiva-",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivabi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiva",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatë",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagata",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagot'ëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivabat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiva",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "potential",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëdëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëdak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakcihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'akcihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadicihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivatticihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadanëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattanëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivatticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadë-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "gerund",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaminen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaiva"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaivadak",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dig up, to excavate"
      ],
      "id": "en-kaivadak-urj-fin-pro-verb-bss6aQYW",
      "links": [
        [
          "dig up",
          "dig up"
        ],
        [
          "excavate",
          "excavate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaivadak"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kaevama"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kaevama",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kaevama/kaevata"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kaivaa"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kaivaa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kaivaa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "kaivoa"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: kaivoa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: kaivoa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kouv"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kouv",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kouv"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "kaivada"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: kaivada",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: kaivada"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kaida"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kaida",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kaida"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kaibma"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kaibma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kaibma/kaibaq?"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kaiva"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kaiva",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kaiva"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kajwa-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kajwa-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "smi-pro",
        "2": "*koajvōtēk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kajwa-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *koajvōtēk.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaiva-",
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivabi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiva",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotamak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagatë",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagata",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagot'ëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagotadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivabat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaiva",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagasën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagosën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'aksën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattisën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattakahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattakohën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaktak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattagak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "imperative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattagok",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "optative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "potential",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicit",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "potential",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicimëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicimak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëmëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëmak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicidëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicidak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëdëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëdak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakci",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoici",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivani",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "potential",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakcihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'akcihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadicihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivatticihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadanëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattanëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivoicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadakcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivat'akcik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadicik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivatticik",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-ii",
        "connegative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "connegative",
        "passive",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattapa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadë-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-ii"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivanut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivadu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivattu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivama",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "gerund",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaivaminen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "conditional-i",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaiva"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaivadak",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic verbs",
        "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/a-oi"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dig up, to excavate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dig up",
          "dig up"
        ],
        [
          "excavate",
          "excavate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kaivadak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.