kärn- in All languages combined

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Etymology: From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian B kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”). Etymology templates: {{inh|xto|ine-toc-pro|*krun-}} Proto-Tocharian *krun-, {{cog|txb|kärn-}} Tocharian B kärn-, {{der|xto|ine-pro|*krows-||to push, strike, break}} Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”), {{cog|grc|κρούω||to smite, strike}} Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), {{cog|lt|krušti||to smash, grind}} Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), {{cog|cs|krušný||hard, difficult}} Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”) Head templates: {{head|xto|verb}} kärn-

Verb [Tocharian B]

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Etymology: From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian A kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”). Etymology templates: {{inh|txb|ine-toc-pro|*krun-}} Proto-Tocharian *krun-, {{cog|xto|kärn-}} Tocharian A kärn-, {{der|txb|ine-pro|*krows-||to push, strike, break}} Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”), {{cog|grc|κρούω||to smite, strike}} Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), {{cog|lt|krušti||to smash, grind}} Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), {{cog|cs|krušný||hard, difficult}} Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”) Head templates: {{head|txb|verb}} kärn-

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ine-toc-pro",
        "3": "*krun-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *krun-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "kärn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B kärn-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krows-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push, strike, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρούω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smite, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "krušti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smash, grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "krušný",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian B kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kärn-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tocharian A",
  "lang_code": "xto",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hit, strike (also of drums)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kärn--xto-verb-lNy6dj4L",
      "links": [
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 64 7 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to afflict with an illness, pain, or other condition"
      ],
      "id": "en-kärn--xto-verb-knxQsn6I",
      "links": [
        [
          "afflict",
          "afflict"
        ],
        [
          "illness",
          "illness"
        ],
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kärn-"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "gerund form",
      "word": "kekkarnor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ine-toc-pro",
        "3": "*krun-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *krun-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "kärn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A kärn-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krows-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push, strike, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρούω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smite, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "krušti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smash, grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "krušný",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian A kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kärn-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tocharian B",
  "lang_code": "txb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hit, strike (also of drums)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kärn--txb-verb-lNy6dj4L",
      "links": [
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to afflict with an illness, pain, or other condition"
      ],
      "id": "en-kärn--txb-verb-knxQsn6I",
      "links": [
        [
          "afflict",
          "afflict"
        ],
        [
          "illness",
          "illness"
        ],
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kärn-"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tocharian A lemmas",
    "Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian A verbs",
    "Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tocharian B lemmas",
    "Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian B terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian B verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ine-toc-pro",
        "3": "*krun-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *krun-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "kärn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B kärn-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krows-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push, strike, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρούω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smite, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "krušti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smash, grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "krušný",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian B kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kärn-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tocharian A",
  "lang_code": "xto",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hit, strike (also of drums)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to afflict with an illness, pain, or other condition"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "afflict",
          "afflict"
        ],
        [
          "illness",
          "illness"
        ],
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kärn-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tocharian B lemmas",
    "Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian B terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian",
    "Tocharian B verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "gerund form",
      "word": "kekkarnor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ine-toc-pro",
        "3": "*krun-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *krun-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "kärn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A kärn-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krows-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to push, strike, break"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρούω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smite, strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "krušti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to smash, grind"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "krušný",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, difficult"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *krun- (whence also Tocharian A kärn-), from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to push, strike, break”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, “to smite, strike”), Lithuanian krušti (“to smash, grind”), and Czech krušný (“hard, difficult”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kärn-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tocharian B",
  "lang_code": "txb",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hit, strike (also of drums)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hit",
          "hit"
        ],
        [
          "strike",
          "strike"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to afflict with an illness, pain, or other condition"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "afflict",
          "afflict"
        ],
        [
          "illness",
          "illness"
        ],
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kärn-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"kärn-" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [Tocharian A]

Verb [Tocharian B]