See jūra on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for jūra meaning in All languages combined (16.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jūras lauva"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jūrnieks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jūrniece"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "*jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wer-, *ūr-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*aw-, *awe-",
"3": "",
"4": "to wet, to moisten, to flow"
},
"expansion": "*aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "*awer-"
},
"expansion": "*awer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂wer-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂wer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*eur-"
},
"expansion": "*eur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(e)rey-"
},
"expansion": "*(e)rey-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(e)rew-",
"3": "",
"4": "to flow"
},
"expansion": "*(e)rew- (“to flow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ewr-"
},
"expansion": "*ewr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jáuris",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "*jaur-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *jaur-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin"
},
"expansion": "Finnic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "jõra"
},
"expansion": "Livonian jõra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "järv"
},
"expansion": "Estonian järv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "järvi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish järvi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "jaura"
},
"expansion": "jaura",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "jawre"
},
"expansion": "jawre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "jávri"
},
"expansion": "jávri",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian jū́ra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jūrė"
},
"expansion": "jūrė",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́ros"
},
"expansion": "jū́ros",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́rios"
},
"expansion": "jū́rios",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́rės"
},
"expansion": "jū́rės",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūre"
},
"expansion": "jūre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūris"
},
"expansion": "jūris",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūres"
},
"expansion": "jūres",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "iūrin"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian iūrin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "*jūren"
},
"expansion": "*jūren",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "*jūrʲai"
},
"expansion": "*jūrʲai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ջուր",
"3": "",
"4": "water"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hurdë",
"3": "",
"4": "deep place; pond; swamp"
},
"expansion": "Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "úr",
"3": "",
"4": "drizzle"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse úr (“drizzle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ȳra",
"3": "",
"4": "to drizzle"
},
"expansion": "ȳra (“to drizzle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ūrīnō",
"3": "",
"4": "to dive, to plunge into water"
},
"expansion": "Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ūrīna",
"3": "",
"4": "urine"
},
"expansion": "ūrīna (“urine”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr- with an added initial y, from *aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”) with a suffix -r. The initial *y may result from metathesis in *awer- (> *h₂wer-, *eur-), or from the influence of some other Proto-Indo-European root like *(e)rey-, *(e)rew- (“to flow”) (metathesized into *ewr-). The original meaning was thus “wet, swampy place” (cf. Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”) < Proto-Baltic *jaur-), whence “lake” (still attested in old folk tales, and also in borrowings into Finnic: Livonian jõra, Estonian järv, Finnish järvi, Sami jaura, jawre, jávri) and finally “sea.” Cognates include Lithuanian jū́ra, dialectal jūrė, plural jū́ros, jū́rios, jū́rės (cf. Latvian dialectal jūre, jūris, plural jūres), Old Prussian iūrin, *jūren, *jūrʲai, Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”), Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”); without the initial *y, also Old Norse úr (“drizzle”), ȳra (“to drizzle”), Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”), ūrīna (“urine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "jūra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jūra f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "jūra f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jūr",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jūr",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jūra",
"10": "jūrām",
"11": "jūrā",
"12": "jūrās",
"13": "jūra",
"14": "jūras",
"16": "",
"2": "jūras",
"3": "jūru",
"4": "jūras",
"5": "jūras",
"6": "jūru",
"7": "jūrai",
"8": "jūrām",
"9": "jūru",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ezers"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "okeāns"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "lv:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Baltic Sea",
"text": "Baltijas jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Black Sea",
"text": "Melnā jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea coast, water, wind",
"text": "jūras krasts, ūdens, vējš",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to swim in the sea",
"text": "peldēt jūrā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea sickness",
"text": "jūras slimība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go on sea, to sail, to set off",
"text": "iziet jūrā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "above, below sea level",
"text": "virs, zem jūrās līmeņa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea (large body of salty water)"
],
"id": "en-jūra-lv-noun-WZhmOS2U",
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) sea (large body of salty water)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "lv:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 70 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 64 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 62 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 65 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 26 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 53 8",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Bodies of water",
"orig": "lv:Bodies of water",
"parents": [
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Earth",
"Places",
"Liquids",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Chemistry",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Sciences",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 54 11",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "lv:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 52 8",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Seas",
"orig": "lv:Seas",
"parents": [
"Bodies of water",
"Places",
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Names",
"Earth",
"Liquids",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Nature",
"Matter",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Chemistry",
"Lemmas",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "moon mare",
"text": "mēness jūra",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)"
],
"id": "en-jūra-lv-noun-h-Ew2c59",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#English"
],
[
"Moon",
"Moon#English"
],
[
"natural",
"natural#English"
],
[
"satellites",
"satellites#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 26 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with level intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "sea of flowers",
"text": "ziedu jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea of flames",
"text": "liesmu jūra",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very large quantity or amount (of something)"
],
"id": "en-jūra-lv-noun-87vYcQcJ",
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) very large quantity or amount (of something)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jūːɾa]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-jūra.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:jūra"
],
"word": "jūra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*jáuˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "*jáuˀrāˀ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"stress-pattern-1"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-f-a-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rų",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́roms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́romis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́roje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rose",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "jū́ros",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "jū́ra f (plural jū́ros)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "jū́ros",
"3": "1",
"head": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "jū́ra f (plural jū́ros) stress pattern 1",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jū́ra",
"10": "jū́romis",
"11": "jū́roje",
"12": "jū́rose",
"13": "jū́ra",
"14": "jū́ros",
"2": "jū́ros",
"3": "jū́ros",
"4": "jū́rų",
"5": "jū́rai",
"6": "jū́roms",
"7": "jū́rą",
"8": "jū́ras",
"9": "jū́ra"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Bodies of water",
"orig": "lt:Bodies of water",
"parents": [
"Landforms",
"Water",
"Earth",
"Places",
"Liquids",
"Nature",
"Names",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Chemistry",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Sciences",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "lt:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lt",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "lt:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"id": "en-jūra-lt-noun-SmnxnIwm",
"links": [
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mãrios"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuːrɐ]"
}
],
"word": "jūra"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jūras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jūras",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jūra f (plural jūras)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "jūras"
},
"expansion": "jūra f (plural jūras)",
"name": "sgs-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Samogitian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Samogitian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sgs",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "sgs:Geography",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"id": "en-jūra-sgs-noun-SmnxnIwm",
"links": [
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"sgs:jūra"
]
}
],
"word": "jūra"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian terms with audio links",
"Latvian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Latvian words with level intonation",
"lv:Bodies of water",
"lv:Landforms",
"lv:Seas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "jūras lauva"
},
{
"word": "jūrnieks"
},
{
"word": "jūrniece"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "*jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wer-, *ūr-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*aw-, *awe-",
"3": "",
"4": "to wet, to moisten, to flow"
},
"expansion": "*aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "*awer-"
},
"expansion": "*awer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂wer-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂wer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*eur-"
},
"expansion": "*eur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(e)rey-"
},
"expansion": "*(e)rey-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(e)rew-",
"3": "",
"4": "to flow"
},
"expansion": "*(e)rew- (“to flow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ewr-"
},
"expansion": "*ewr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jáuris",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "*jaur-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *jaur-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin"
},
"expansion": "Finnic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "jõra"
},
"expansion": "Livonian jõra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "järv"
},
"expansion": "Estonian järv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "järvi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish järvi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "jaura"
},
"expansion": "jaura",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "und",
"2": "jawre"
},
"expansion": "jawre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "jávri"
},
"expansion": "jávri",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian jū́ra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jūrė"
},
"expansion": "jūrė",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́ros"
},
"expansion": "jū́ros",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́rios"
},
"expansion": "jū́rios",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "jū́rės"
},
"expansion": "jū́rės",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūre"
},
"expansion": "jūre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūris"
},
"expansion": "jūris",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "jūres"
},
"expansion": "jūres",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "iūrin"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian iūrin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "*jūren"
},
"expansion": "*jūren",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "*jūrʲai"
},
"expansion": "*jūrʲai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ջուր",
"3": "",
"4": "water"
},
"expansion": "Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hurdë",
"3": "",
"4": "deep place; pond; swamp"
},
"expansion": "Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "úr",
"3": "",
"4": "drizzle"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse úr (“drizzle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ȳra",
"3": "",
"4": "to drizzle"
},
"expansion": "ȳra (“to drizzle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ūrīnō",
"3": "",
"4": "to dive, to plunge into water"
},
"expansion": "Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ūrīna",
"3": "",
"4": "urine"
},
"expansion": "ūrīna (“urine”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ ~ *jū́ˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-, *ūr- with an added initial y, from *aw-, *awe- (“to wet, to moisten, to flow”) with a suffix -r. The initial *y may result from metathesis in *awer- (> *h₂wer-, *eur-), or from the influence of some other Proto-Indo-European root like *(e)rey-, *(e)rew- (“to flow”) (metathesized into *ewr-). The original meaning was thus “wet, swampy place” (cf. Lithuanian jáuris (“swamp”) < Proto-Baltic *jaur-), whence “lake” (still attested in old folk tales, and also in borrowings into Finnic: Livonian jõra, Estonian järv, Finnish järvi, Sami jaura, jawre, jávri) and finally “sea.” Cognates include Lithuanian jū́ra, dialectal jūrė, plural jū́ros, jū́rios, jū́rės (cf. Latvian dialectal jūre, jūris, plural jūres), Old Prussian iūrin, *jūren, *jūrʲai, Armenian ջուր (ǰur, “water”), Albanian hurdë (“deep place; pond; swamp”); without the initial *y, also Old Norse úr (“drizzle”), ȳra (“to drizzle”), Latin ūrīnō (“to dive, to plunge into water”), ūrīna (“urine”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "jūra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jūrās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jūra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jūras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jūra f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "jūra f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jūr",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jūr",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jūra",
"10": "jūrām",
"11": "jūrā",
"12": "jūrās",
"13": "jūra",
"14": "jūras",
"16": "",
"2": "jūras",
"3": "jūru",
"4": "jūras",
"5": "jūras",
"6": "jūru",
"7": "jūrai",
"8": "jūrām",
"9": "jūru",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ezers"
},
{
"word": "okeāns"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"lv:Geography"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Baltic Sea",
"text": "Baltijas jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Black Sea",
"text": "Melnā jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea coast, water, wind",
"text": "jūras krasts, ūdens, vējš",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to swim in the sea",
"text": "peldēt jūrā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea sickness",
"text": "jūras slimība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to go on sea, to sail, to set off",
"text": "iziet jūrā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "above, below sea level",
"text": "virs, zem jūrās līmeņa",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea (large body of salty water)"
],
"links": [
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geography) sea (large body of salty water)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples",
"lv:Astronomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "moon mare",
"text": "mēness jūra",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"surface",
"surface#English"
],
[
"Moon",
"Moon#English"
],
[
"natural",
"natural#English"
],
[
"satellites",
"satellites#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) sea (dark areas on the surface of the Moon or other natural satellites)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "sea of flowers",
"text": "ziedu jūra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "sea of flames",
"text": "liesmu jūra",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very large quantity or amount (of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) very large quantity or amount (of something)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[jūːɾa]"
},
{
"audio": "Lv-jūra.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Lv-j%C5%ABra.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:jūra"
],
"word": "jūra"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*jáuˀrāˀ"
},
"expansion": "*jáuˀrāˀ",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *jáuˀrāˀ",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"stress-pattern-1"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lt-noun-f-a-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rų",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́roms",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́romis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́roje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́rose",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jū́ros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"10": "{{{m}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "jū́ros",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{f}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "jū́ra f (plural jū́ros)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "jū́ros",
"3": "1",
"head": "jū́ra"
},
"expansion": "jū́ra f (plural jū́ros) stress pattern 1",
"name": "lt-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jū́ra",
"10": "jū́romis",
"11": "jū́roje",
"12": "jū́rose",
"13": "jū́ra",
"14": "jū́ros",
"2": "jū́ros",
"3": "jū́ros",
"4": "jū́rų",
"5": "jū́rai",
"6": "jū́roms",
"7": "jū́rą",
"8": "jū́ras",
"9": "jū́ra"
},
"name": "lt-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mãrios"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian feminine nouns",
"Lithuanian lemmas",
"Lithuanian nouns",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Baltic",
"Lithuanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"lt:Bodies of water",
"lt:Geography",
"lt:Landforms"
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"links": [
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuːrɐ]"
}
],
"word": "jūra"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jūras",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgs",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jūras",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jūra f (plural jūras)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "jūras"
},
"expansion": "jūra f (plural jūras)",
"name": "sgs-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Samogitian entries with incorrect language header",
"Samogitian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Samogitian feminine nouns",
"Samogitian lemmas",
"Samogitian nouns",
"sgs:Geography"
],
"glosses": [
"sea"
],
"links": [
[
"sea",
"sea"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"sgs:jūra"
]
}
],
"word": "jūra"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.