See infest on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "infesting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "infested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "infested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infest (third-person singular simple present infests, present participle infesting, simple past and past participle infested)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "infestation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "infestuous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Insects are infesting my basement!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:",
"text": "Sir, my liege,\nDo not infest your mind with beating on\nThe strangeness of this business; at pick’d leisure\nWhich shall be shortly, I’ll resolve you,\nWhich to you shall seem probable, of every\nThese happen’d accidents; till when, be cheerful\nAnd think of each thing well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1724, Daniel Defoe (attributed), “Introduction”, in A General History of the Pirates, 2nd edition, London: T. Warner, page 24:",
"text": "I come now to speak of the Pyrates infesting the West-Indies, where they are more numerous than in any other Parts of the World, on several Reasons […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Mummies, Wax-Works, &c.”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume II, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 252:",
"text": "It has often happened, that whole caravans have perished in crossing those deserts, either by the burning winds that infest them, or by the sands which are raised by the tempest, and overwhelm every creature in certain ruin.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1847 March 30, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Nor was the biscuit much better; nearly all of it was broken into hard, little gunflints, honeycombed through and through, as if the worms usually infesting this article in long tropical voyages had, in boring after nutriment, come out at the antipodes without finding anything.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To inhabit a place in unpleasantly large numbers; to plague, harass."
],
"id": "en-infest-en-verb-g0cptehp",
"links": [
[
"inhabit",
"inhabit"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
],
[
"harass",
"harass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To inhabit a place in unpleasantly large numbers; to plague, harass."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎmža",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "гъмжа"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "zamořit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "infestar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "befallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "ellep"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "eláraszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "elszaporodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "nyüzsög"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "hemzseg"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "mui"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "pokipoki"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamoriť"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farsheretsn",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "פֿאַרשרצן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 23 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 22 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 22 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 22 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 22 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 9 22 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 24 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 20 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 8 25 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 22 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 10 22 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 10 23 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To invade a host plant or animal."
],
"id": "en-infest-en-verb-q2-kiv20",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"invade",
"invade"
],
[
"host",
"host"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology, of a parasite) To invade a host plant or animal."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a parasite"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "beride"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "plague"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more infest",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most infest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infest (comparative more infest, superlative most infest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Ovid, “The Fourth Booke”, in Arthur Golding, transl., The XV. Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, Entytuled Metamorphosis, […], London: […] Willyam Seres […], →OCLC, folio 51, recto:",
"text": "[…] The swarme of scaled snakes\nDid make an yrksome noyce to heare, as she her tresses shakes.\nAbout her shoulders some did craule, some trayling downe her brest,\nDid hisse, and spit out poison greene, and spirt with tongues infest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 5:",
"text": "He stayed not t’advize, which way were best\nHis foe t’assayle, or how himselfe to gard,\nBut with fierce fury and with force infest\nUpon him ran […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mischievous; hurtful; harassing."
],
"id": "en-infest-en-adj-ds5P4Grf",
"links": [
[
"Mischievous",
"mischievous"
],
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mischievous; hurtful; harassing."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "infest (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book II, Canto Eleven, Stanza 32, Hackett, 2006, p. 191,\nLike as a fire, the which in hollow cave\nHath long bene underkept, and down supprest,\nWith murmurous disdayne doth inly rave,\nAnd grudge, in so streight prison to be prest,\nAt last breakes forth with furious infest,\nAnd strives to mount unto his native seat […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hostility."
],
"id": "en-infest-en-noun-hYIvRzw7",
"links": [
[
"Hostility",
"hostility"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Hostility."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰen-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "infesting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "infested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "infested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infest (third-person singular simple present infests, present participle infesting, simple past and past participle infested)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "infestation"
},
{
"word": "infestuous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Insects are infesting my basement!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:",
"text": "Sir, my liege,\nDo not infest your mind with beating on\nThe strangeness of this business; at pick’d leisure\nWhich shall be shortly, I’ll resolve you,\nWhich to you shall seem probable, of every\nThese happen’d accidents; till when, be cheerful\nAnd think of each thing well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1724, Daniel Defoe (attributed), “Introduction”, in A General History of the Pirates, 2nd edition, London: T. Warner, page 24:",
"text": "I come now to speak of the Pyrates infesting the West-Indies, where they are more numerous than in any other Parts of the World, on several Reasons […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, Oliver Goldsmith, “Of Mummies, Wax-Works, &c.”, in An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume II, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, page 252:",
"text": "It has often happened, that whole caravans have perished in crossing those deserts, either by the burning winds that infest them, or by the sands which are raised by the tempest, and overwhelm every creature in certain ruin.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1847 March 30, Herman Melville, chapter 3, in Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Nor was the biscuit much better; nearly all of it was broken into hard, little gunflints, honeycombed through and through, as if the worms usually infesting this article in long tropical voyages had, in boring after nutriment, come out at the antipodes without finding anything.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To inhabit a place in unpleasantly large numbers; to plague, harass."
],
"links": [
[
"inhabit",
"inhabit"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
],
[
"harass",
"harass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To inhabit a place in unpleasantly large numbers; to plague, harass."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Pathology"
],
"glosses": [
"To invade a host plant or animal."
],
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"invade",
"invade"
],
[
"host",
"host"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology, of a parasite) To invade a host plant or animal."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a parasite"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beride"
},
{
"word": "plague"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gǎmža",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "гъмжа"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "zamořit"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "infestar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "befallen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "ellep"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "eláraszt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "elszaporodik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "nyüzsög"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "hemzseg"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "mui"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "pokipoki"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zamoriť"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farsheretsn",
"sense": "to inhabit a place in large numbers",
"word": "פֿאַרשרצן"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰen-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more infest",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most infest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "infest (comparative more infest, superlative most infest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1567, Ovid, “The Fourth Booke”, in Arthur Golding, transl., The XV. Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, Entytuled Metamorphosis, […], London: […] Willyam Seres […], →OCLC, folio 51, recto:",
"text": "[…] The swarme of scaled snakes\nDid make an yrksome noyce to heare, as she her tresses shakes.\nAbout her shoulders some did craule, some trayling downe her brest,\nDid hisse, and spit out poison greene, and spirt with tongues infest.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 5:",
"text": "He stayed not t’advize, which way were best\nHis foe t’assayle, or how himselfe to gard,\nBut with fierce fury and with force infest\nUpon him ran […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mischievous; hurtful; harassing."
],
"links": [
[
"Mischievous",
"mischievous"
],
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Mischievous; hurtful; harassing."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰen-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰen-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "infesten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English infesten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "infester",
"4": "",
"5": "to infest"
},
"expansion": "Old French infester (“to infest”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "īnfestō",
"4": "",
"5": "assail, molest",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English infesten, from Old French infester (“to infest”), from Latin īnfestō (“assail, molest”, verb), from īnfestus (“hostile”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "infest (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book II, Canto Eleven, Stanza 32, Hackett, 2006, p. 191,\nLike as a fire, the which in hollow cave\nHath long bene underkept, and down supprest,\nWith murmurous disdayne doth inly rave,\nAnd grudge, in so streight prison to be prest,\nAt last breakes forth with furious infest,\nAnd strives to mount unto his native seat […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hostility."
],
"links": [
[
"Hostility",
"hostility"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Hostility."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɛst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-infest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-infest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "infest"
}
Download raw JSONL data for infest meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"infest"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "infest",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 1"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.