See induna on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zu",
"3": "induna"
},
"expansion": "Zulu induna",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Zulu induna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "indunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "izinduna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "izinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna (plural indunas or izinduna)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zulu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 13 14 9 12 14 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 13 14 9 12 14 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London: Abacus, published 2010, page 75:",
"text": "Although we swore this fellow to secrecy, he went straight to the induna and revealed our secret.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A South African tribal councillor or headman (under the king); someone in authority, a boss."
],
"id": "en-induna-en-noun-uZZqmyNt",
"links": [
[
"South African",
"South African"
],
[
"tribal",
"tribal"
],
[
"councillor",
"councillor"
],
[
"headman",
"headman"
],
[
"boss",
"boss"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inDuna"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a South African tribal headman",
"word": "indoena"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "a South African tribal headman",
"word": "induna"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"InDuna"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈduːnə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "scn",
"3": "",
"4": "*indunàrisi"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sicilian *indunàrisi",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "endonar-se"
},
"expansion": "Catalan endonar-se",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sicilian *indunàrisi, obsolete form of addunàrisi, from Old Occitan. Compare Catalan endonar-se alongside usual adonar-se.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jinduna",
"tags": [
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mt-conj/loan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajtu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajtu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ninduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ninduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna (imperfect jinduna)",
"name": "mt-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indunajt",
"10": "jinduna",
"11": "tinduna",
"12": "nindunaw",
"13": "tindunaw",
"14": "jindunaw",
"15": "induna",
"16": "indunaw",
"2": "indunajt",
"3": "induna",
"4": "indunat",
"5": "indunajna",
"6": "indunajtu",
"7": "indunaw",
"8": "ninduna",
"9": "tinduna"
},
"name": "mt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to notice, realise"
],
"id": "en-induna-mt-verb-gOXZOKLW",
"links": [
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"realise",
"realise"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a vowel",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "nduna"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈduː.na/"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "izinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "izinduna",
"cat2": "class 9 nouns",
"f1g": "c10",
"f1request": "1",
"g": "c9",
"head": "induna^?"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural izinduna class 10)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "izinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural izinduna class 10)",
"name": "nd-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"id": "en-induna-nd-noun-koWCe4Ax",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "induna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "in d'una"
},
{
"word": "only used in induna-induna"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Logudorese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nuorese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sardinian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of in d'una, only used in induna-induna"
],
"id": "en-induna-sc-adv-hwjhLoB4",
"links": [
[
"in d'una",
"in d'una#Sardinian"
],
[
"induna-induna",
"induna-induna#Sardinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Logudorese, Nuorese) Alternative form of in d'una, only used in induna-induna"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Campidanese"
],
"word": "indua"
}
],
"tags": [
"Logudorese",
"Nuorese",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/inˈduna/"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "iinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "iinduna",
"cat2": "class 9 nouns",
"f1g": "c10",
"f1request": "1",
"g": "c9",
"head": "induna^?"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "iinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "nr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"headman, foreman"
],
"id": "en-induna-nr-noun-smwxlIP2",
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
],
[
"foreman",
"foreman"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "iinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "iinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "xh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"headman"
],
"id": "en-induna-xh-noun-BKnOXkFB",
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "indoena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: indoena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: indoena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "induna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: induna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: induna"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "índúna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"class-9"
]
},
{
"form": "ízindúna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zu-infl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"full-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "izinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"full-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"basic-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"basic-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "enduneni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezinduneni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"copulative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yizinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"copulative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "owenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "owezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "benduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "abezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "wenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "owenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "owezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "yenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eyenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "eyezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "lenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "elenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "elezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "enduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "awenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "awezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "senduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "esezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "zenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "ezezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "yenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eyenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "eyezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "zenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "ezezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "lwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "olwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "benduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "obezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "okwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "okwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "okwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "okwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "índúna",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "ízindúna"
},
"expansion": "índúna class 9 (plural ízindúna class 10)",
"name": "zu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "HL",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "izinduna"
},
"name": "zu-infl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu nouns with tone HL",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male animal"
],
"id": "en-induna-zu-noun-TV6RpF6p",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"headman"
],
"id": "en-induna-zu-noun-BKnOXkFB",
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/índúːna/"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zu",
"3": "induna"
},
"expansion": "Zulu induna",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Zulu induna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "indunas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "izinduna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "izinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna (plural indunas or izinduna)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Zulu",
"English terms derived from Zulu",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London: Abacus, published 2010, page 75:",
"text": "Although we swore this fellow to secrecy, he went straight to the induna and revealed our secret.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A South African tribal councillor or headman (under the king); someone in authority, a boss."
],
"links": [
[
"South African",
"South African"
],
[
"tribal",
"tribal"
],
[
"councillor",
"councillor"
],
[
"headman",
"headman"
],
[
"boss",
"boss"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"InDuna"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈduːnə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "inDuna"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "a South African tribal headman",
"word": "indoena"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "a South African tribal headman",
"word": "induna"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "scn",
"3": "",
"4": "*indunàrisi"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sicilian *indunàrisi",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "endonar-se"
},
"expansion": "Catalan endonar-se",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sicilian *indunàrisi, obsolete form of addunàrisi, from Old Occitan. Compare Catalan endonar-se alongside usual adonar-se.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jinduna",
"tags": [
"imperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mt-conj/loan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajtu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "indunajtu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ninduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ninduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinduna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jindunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "indunaw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna (imperfect jinduna)",
"name": "mt-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indunajt",
"10": "jinduna",
"11": "tinduna",
"12": "nindunaw",
"13": "tindunaw",
"14": "jindunaw",
"15": "induna",
"16": "indunaw",
"2": "indunajt",
"3": "induna",
"4": "indunat",
"5": "indunajna",
"6": "indunajtu",
"7": "indunaw",
"8": "ninduna",
"9": "tinduna"
},
"name": "mt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Maltese a-type unadapted loan verbs",
"Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese terms borrowed from Sicilian",
"Maltese terms derived from Old Occitan",
"Maltese terms derived from Sicilian",
"Maltese unadapted loan verbs",
"Maltese verbs",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to notice, realise"
],
"links": [
[
"notice",
"notice"
],
[
"realise",
"realise"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈduː.na/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a vowel",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "nduna"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "izinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "izinduna",
"cat2": "class 9 nouns",
"f1g": "c10",
"f1request": "1",
"g": "c9",
"head": "induna^?"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural izinduna class 10)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "izinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural izinduna class 10)",
"name": "nd-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele class 9 nouns",
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele nouns",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for tone in Northern Ndebele noun entries"
],
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "induna",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "in d'una"
},
{
"word": "only used in induna-induna"
}
],
"categories": [
"Logudorese",
"Nuorese",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sardinian adverbs",
"Sardinian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sardinian lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of in d'una, only used in induna-induna"
],
"links": [
[
"in d'una",
"in d'una#Sardinian"
],
[
"induna-induna",
"induna-induna#Sardinian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Logudorese, Nuorese) Alternative form of in d'una, only used in induna-induna"
],
"tags": [
"Logudorese",
"Nuorese",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/inˈduna/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Campidanese"
],
"word": "indua"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "iinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "iinduna",
"cat2": "class 9 nouns",
"f1g": "c10",
"f1request": "1",
"g": "c9",
"head": "induna^?"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "iinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "nr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for tone in Southern Ndebele noun entries",
"Southern Ndebele class 9 nouns",
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"headman, foreman"
],
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
],
[
"foreman",
"foreman"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "iinduna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "iinduna"
},
"expansion": "induna class 9 (plural iinduna class 10)",
"name": "xh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for tone in Xhosa noun entries",
"Xhosa class 9 nouns",
"Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"Xhosa lemmas",
"Xhosa nouns",
"Xhosa terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"headman"
],
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-9"
]
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zulu class 9 nouns",
"Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu nouns",
"Zulu nouns with tone HL",
"Zulu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zulu terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "indoena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: indoena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: indoena"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "induna",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: induna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: induna"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "índúna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"class-9"
]
},
{
"form": "ízindúna",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "zu-infl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "induna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"full-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "izinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"full-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"basic-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"basic-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "enduneni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezinduneni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "yinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"copulative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yizinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"copulative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "owenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "owezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "benduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "abezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-2",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "wenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "owenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "owezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "yenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eyenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "eyezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-4",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "lenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "elenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "elezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "enduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "awenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "awezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-6",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "senduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "esezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "zenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "ezezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-8",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "yenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eyenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "eyezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-9",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "zenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ezenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "ezezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "lwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "olwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "olwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "benduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "obezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-14",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "okwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "okwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "kwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "okwenduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
},
{
"form": "okwezinduna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-17",
"plural",
"possessive",
"possessive-substantive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "índúna",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "ízindúna"
},
"expansion": "índúna class 9 (plural ízindúna class 10)",
"name": "zu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "HL",
"2": "9",
"3": "10",
"4": "izinduna"
},
"name": "zu-infl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"male animal"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"headman"
],
"links": [
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/índúːna/"
}
],
"word": "induna"
}
Download raw JSONL data for induna meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.