"hunter-gatherer" meaning in All languages combined

See hunter-gatherer on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: hunter-gatherers [plural]
Etymology: From hunter + gatherer. Etymology templates: {{af|en|hunter|gatherer}} hunter + gatherer Head templates: {{en-noun}} hunter-gatherer (plural hunter-gatherers)
  1. A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land. Categories (topical): Anthropology, History, People Translations (person whose main food source is hunting and gathering): caçador-recol·lector [masculine] (Catalan), 狩獵採集者 /狩猎采集者 (shòuliè cǎijí zhě) (Chinese Mandarin), 狩獵採集民 /狩猎采集民 (shòuliè cǎijí mín) (Chinese Mandarin), jager-verzamelaar [masculine] (Dutch), metsästäjä-keräilijä (Finnish), chasseur-cueilleur [masculine] (French), Jäger und Sammler [masculine] (German), Wild- und Feldbeuter [masculine] (German), Wildbeuter und Feldbeuter [masculine, rare] (German), κυνηγός-συλλέκτης (kynigós-sylléktis) [masculine] (Greek), τροφοσυλλέκτης (trofosylléktis) [masculine] (Greek), vadászó-gyűjtögető (Hungarian), fiagaí cnuasaitheoir [masculine] (Irish), cacciatore-raccoglitore [masculine] (Italian), 狩猟採集民 (shuryō saishūmin) (Japanese), 수렵채집민 (suryeopchaejimmin) (alt: 狩獵採集民) (Korean), łowca-zbieracz [masculine] (Polish), caçador-recoletor [masculine] (Portuguese), caçador-coletor [masculine] (Portuguese), chatschader e rimnader [masculine] (Romansch), охо́тник-собира́тель (oxótnik-sobirátelʹ) [masculine] (Russian), cazador-recolector [masculine] (Spanish), คนเก็บของป่าล่าสัตว์ (Thai), heliwr-gasglwr [masculine] (Welsh)

Inflected forms

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  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "hunter",
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  "etymology_text": "From hunter + gatherer.",
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      "tags": [
        "plural"
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          "text": "Coordinate term: pastoralist"
        },
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          "ref": "2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2012-02-13, page 162:",
          "text": "He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
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          "ref": "2022 July 11, Virginia Hefferman, “Humans Have Always Been Wrong About Humans”, in Wired:",
          "text": "[…] Wengrow and Graeber argue that the life of hunter-gatherers before widespread farming was nothing like “the drab abstractions of evolutionary theory,” which hold that early humans lived in small bands in which they acted almost entirely on instinct, either brutish (as in Hobbes) or egalitarian and innocent (as in Rousseau).",
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        "A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land."
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          "member",
          "member"
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          "hunt",
          "hunt"
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        [
          "animals",
          "animals"
        ],
        [
          "gather",
          "gather"
        ],
        [
          "edible",
          "edible"
        ],
        [
          "plant",
          "plant"
        ],
        [
          "farm",
          "farm"
        ],
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          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ],
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          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "caçador-recol·lector"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shòuliè cǎijí zhě",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "狩獵採集者 /狩猎采集者"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shòuliè cǎijí mín",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "狩獵採集民 /狩猎采集民"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jager-verzamelaar"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "metsästäjä-keräilijä"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chasseur-cueilleur"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Jäger und Sammler"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Wild- und Feldbeuter"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "rare"
          ],
          "word": "Wildbeuter und Feldbeuter"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kynigós-sylléktis",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κυνηγός-συλλέκτης"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "trofosylléktis",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "τροφοσυλλέκτης"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "vadászó-gyűjtögető"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fiagaí cnuasaitheoir"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cacciatore-raccoglitore"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "shuryō saishūmin",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "狩猟採集民"
        },
        {
          "alt": "狩獵採集民",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "suryeopchaejimmin",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "수렵채집민"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "łowca-zbieracz"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "caçador-recoletor"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "caçador-coletor"
        },
        {
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chatschader e rimnader"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "oxótnik-sobirátelʹ",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "охо́тник-собира́тель"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cazador-recolector"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "word": "คนเก็บของป่าล่าสัตว์"
        },
        {
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "heliwr-gasglwr"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hunter-gatherer"
}
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  "etymology_text": "From hunter + gatherer.",
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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        "Terms with Japanese translations",
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        "Terms with Romansch translations",
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          "text": "Coordinate term: pastoralist"
        },
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          "ref": "2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 2012-02-13, page 162:",
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          "type": "quote"
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          "ref": "2022 July 11, Virginia Hefferman, “Humans Have Always Been Wrong About Humans”, in Wired:",
          "text": "[…] Wengrow and Graeber argue that the life of hunter-gatherers before widespread farming was nothing like “the drab abstractions of evolutionary theory,” which hold that early humans lived in small bands in which they acted almost entirely on instinct, either brutish (as in Hobbes) or egalitarian and innocent (as in Rousseau).",
          "type": "quote"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A member of a group of people who live by hunting animals and gathering edible plants for their main food sources, and who do not keep animals or farm land."
      ],
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          "member",
          "member"
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          "gather",
          "gather"
        ],
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          "edible",
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        ],
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          "plant",
          "plant"
        ],
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          "farm",
          "farm"
        ],
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          "land",
          "land"
        ]
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    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "caçador-recol·lector"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shòuliè cǎijí zhě",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "狩獵採集者 /狩猎采集者"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shòuliè cǎijí mín",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "狩獵採集民 /狩猎采集民"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jager-verzamelaar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "metsästäjä-keräilijä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chasseur-cueilleur"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Jäger und Sammler"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Wild- und Feldbeuter"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "rare"
      ],
      "word": "Wildbeuter und Feldbeuter"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kynigós-sylléktis",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κυνηγός-συλλέκτης"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "trofosylléktis",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "τροφοσυλλέκτης"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "vadászó-gyűjtögető"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fiagaí cnuasaitheoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cacciatore-raccoglitore"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "shuryō saishūmin",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "狩猟採集民"
    },
    {
      "alt": "狩獵採集民",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "suryeopchaejimmin",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "수렵채집민"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "łowca-zbieracz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "caçador-recoletor"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "caçador-coletor"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chatschader e rimnader"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "oxótnik-sobirátelʹ",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "охо́тник-собира́тель"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cazador-recolector"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "word": "คนเก็บของป่าล่าสัตว์"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "person whose main food source is hunting and gathering",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "heliwr-gasglwr"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hunter-gatherer"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hunter-gatherer meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.