"holin" meaning in All languages combined

See holin on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: holins [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} holin (plural holins)
  1. (biology) Any of a diverse group of small proteins produced by dsDNA bacteriophages in order to trigger and control the degradation of the host's cell wall at the end of the lytic cycle. Categories (topical): Biology Derived forms: antiholin

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for holin meaning in All languages combined (2.1kB)

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "holin (plural holins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -in",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Biology",
          "orig": "en:Biology",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "antiholin"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2001 December 7, Jutta M. Loeffler et al., “Rapid Killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae with a Bacteriophage Cell Wall Hydrolase”, in Science, volume 294, number 5549, →DOI, pages 2170–2172",
          "text": "All known pneumococcal phages contain a cell wall lytic system consisting of a holin that permeabilizes the cell membrane, and either an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (amidase) or a lysozyme, capable of digesting the pneumococcal cell wall (8 ).",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of a diverse group of small proteins produced by dsDNA bacteriophages in order to trigger and control the degradation of the host's cell wall at the end of the lytic cycle."
      ],
      "id": "en-holin-en-noun-4si~4HX-",
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "protein",
          "protein"
        ],
        [
          "dsDNA",
          "dsDNA"
        ],
        [
          "bacteriophage",
          "bacteriophage"
        ],
        [
          "degradation",
          "degradation"
        ],
        [
          "host",
          "host"
        ],
        [
          "cell wall",
          "cell wall"
        ],
        [
          "lytic",
          "lytic"
        ],
        [
          "cycle",
          "cycle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology) Any of a diverse group of small proteins produced by dsDNA bacteriophages in order to trigger and control the degradation of the host's cell wall at the end of the lytic cycle."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holin"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "antiholin"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "holins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "holin (plural holins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms suffixed with -in",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Biology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2001 December 7, Jutta M. Loeffler et al., “Rapid Killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae with a Bacteriophage Cell Wall Hydrolase”, in Science, volume 294, number 5549, →DOI, pages 2170–2172",
          "text": "All known pneumococcal phages contain a cell wall lytic system consisting of a holin that permeabilizes the cell membrane, and either an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (amidase) or a lysozyme, capable of digesting the pneumococcal cell wall (8 ).",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of a diverse group of small proteins produced by dsDNA bacteriophages in order to trigger and control the degradation of the host's cell wall at the end of the lytic cycle."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "biology",
          "biology"
        ],
        [
          "protein",
          "protein"
        ],
        [
          "dsDNA",
          "dsDNA"
        ],
        [
          "bacteriophage",
          "bacteriophage"
        ],
        [
          "degradation",
          "degradation"
        ],
        [
          "host",
          "host"
        ],
        [
          "cell wall",
          "cell wall"
        ],
        [
          "lytic",
          "lytic"
        ],
        [
          "cycle",
          "cycle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(biology) Any of a diverse group of small proteins produced by dsDNA bacteriophages in order to trigger and control the degradation of the host's cell wall at the end of the lytic cycle."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "holin"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.