See h₃ósdos on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"alt": "*Hasdwer",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-Anatolian: *Hasdwer",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-wer</i>"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-wer)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-Anatolian: *Hasdwer (+ *-wer)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕",
"t": "twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)",
"tr": "ḫa-aš-du-e-er"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕 (ḫa-aš-du-e-er, “twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕 (ḫa-aš-du-e-er, “twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ոստ#Etymology_1_2",
"alt": "ոստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ոստ (ost)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ոստ (ost)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*astaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *astaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *astaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ózdos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ózdos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ózdos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄζος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄζος (ózos), ὔσδος (úsdos) — Aeolic\nGreek: όζος (ózos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄζος (ózos), ὔσδος (úsdos) — Aeolic\nGreek: όζος (ózos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hádᶻgas",
"3": "",
"4": "knot (in a plant), branch, twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas (“knot (in a plant), branch, twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अद्ग",
"t": "knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane",
"tr": "ádga-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अद्ग (ádga-, “knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "ʾzg",
"3": "",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian ʾzg (“twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*odbos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *odbos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "odb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish odb",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "oddf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh oddf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*Hód(s)gʷos",
"3": "",
"4": "knot, shoot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hód(s)gʷos (“knot, shoot”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "(GIŠ)"
},
"expansion": "^((GIŠ))",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄσχος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄσχος (óskhos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly connected in some way to Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas (“knot (in a plant), branch, twig”) (e.g. Sanskrit अद्ग (ádga-, “knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane”), Middle Persian ʾzg (“twig”)) and Proto-Celtic *odbos ~ *osbos (“knot”) (Old Irish odb, Middle Welsh oddf), which seem to reflect Proto-Indo-European *Hód(s)gʷos (“knot, shoot”). In that case, both *Hód(s)gʷos and *h₃ósdos (note also their complementary distribution) might be different simplifications of the same original compound word, the first element of which may tentatively be identified with *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”). However, compare also Ancient Greek ὄσχος (óskhos), ὠσχός (ōskhós, “young branch”), which perhaps show substrate alternations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₃ósdos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₃ósdo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ósdos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"branch"
],
"id": "en-h₃ósdos-ine-pro-noun-84x2TIqg",
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"id": "en-h₃ósdos-ine-pro-noun-O2tJ6OIy",
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Lubotsky"
],
"word": "h₃ósdos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"alt": "*Hasdwer",
"der": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒? Proto-Anatolian: *Hasdwer",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*-wer</i>"
},
"expansion": "(+ *-wer)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒? Proto-Anatolian: *Hasdwer (+ *-wer)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕",
"t": "twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)",
"tr": "ḫa-aš-du-e-er"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕 (ḫa-aš-du-e-er, “twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒄩𒀸𒁺𒂊𒅕 (ḫa-aš-du-e-er, “twig(s), brushwood; splinter (of bone?)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ոստ#Etymology_1_2",
"alt": "ոստ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ոստ (ost)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ոստ (ost)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*astaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *astaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *astaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ózdos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ózdos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ózdos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄζος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄζος (ózos), ὔσδος (úsdos) — Aeolic\nGreek: όζος (ózos)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄζος (ózos), ὔσδος (úsdos) — Aeolic\nGreek: όζος (ózos)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hádᶻgas",
"3": "",
"4": "knot (in a plant), branch, twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas (“knot (in a plant), branch, twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अद्ग",
"t": "knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane",
"tr": "ádga-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अद्ग (ádga-, “knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "ʾzg",
"3": "",
"4": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian ʾzg (“twig”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*odbos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *odbos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "odb"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish odb",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "oddf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh oddf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*Hód(s)gʷos",
"3": "",
"4": "knot, shoot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *Hód(s)gʷos (“knot, shoot”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "(GIŠ)"
},
"expansion": "^((GIŠ))",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄσχος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄσχος (óskhos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly connected in some way to Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádᶻgas (“knot (in a plant), branch, twig”) (e.g. Sanskrit अद्ग (ádga-, “knot (in wood), sprout (of bamboo), cane”), Middle Persian ʾzg (“twig”)) and Proto-Celtic *odbos ~ *osbos (“knot”) (Old Irish odb, Middle Welsh oddf), which seem to reflect Proto-Indo-European *Hód(s)gʷos (“knot, shoot”). In that case, both *Hód(s)gʷos and *h₃ósdos (note also their complementary distribution) might be different simplifications of the same original compound word, the first element of which may tentatively be identified with *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”). However, compare also Ancient Greek ὄσχος (óskhos), ὠσχός (ōskhós, “young branch”), which perhaps show substrate alternations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdobʰos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "h₃ósdōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*h₃ósdos m (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "h₃ósdo"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ósdos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Plants",
"ine-pro:Trees"
],
"glosses": [
"branch"
],
"links": [
[
"branch",
"branch"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"twig"
],
"links": [
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Alexander Lubotsky"
],
"word": "h₃ósdos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₃ósdos meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.