See grían on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Irish: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: grian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Manx: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: grian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: grian"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*greinā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *greinā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be warm, hot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gʷrensnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰrenso-",
"4": "",
"5": "warm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "घ्रंस",
"3": "",
"4": "heat of the sun"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gʷrensos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "gwres",
"3": "",
"4": "heat (of the sun, fire)"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gʷrīns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "grís",
"3": "",
"4": "heat (of the sun), fire, embers"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *greinā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).\nMatasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gréine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gríanaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gríanaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ngrían",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "grían f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "grían f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gréin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "gréin+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "gríana+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "gréin+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "gríanaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "gríanaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "gréin+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "grían+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "grían+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "gréine+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "gréin+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "gríana+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "grían+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "gréin+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "gríana+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "grían+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "sga:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "sga:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "sunny",
"word": "gríanach"
},
{
"word": "gríanaid"
},
{
"english": "bower, sunny place",
"word": "gríanán"
},
{
"english": "relating to the sun, solar",
"word": "gríanda"
},
{
"english": "solar",
"word": "gríandaide"
},
{
"english": "brilliant",
"word": "gríanmar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sun"
],
"id": "en-grían-sga-noun-J3VvBQ4U",
"links": [
[
"sun",
"sun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲrʲiːa̯n/"
}
],
"word": "grían"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "sunny",
"word": "gríanach"
},
{
"word": "gríanaid"
},
{
"english": "bower, sunny place",
"word": "gríanán"
},
{
"english": "relating to the sun, solar",
"word": "gríanda"
},
{
"english": "solar",
"word": "gríandaide"
},
{
"english": "brilliant",
"word": "gríanmar"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Irish: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: grian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Manx: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: grian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "grian"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: grian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: grian"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*greinā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *greinā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be warm, hot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*gʷrensnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰrenso-",
"4": "",
"5": "warm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "घ्रंस",
"3": "",
"4": "heat of the sun"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gʷrensos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "gwres",
"3": "",
"4": "heat (of the sun, fire)"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gʷrīns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "grís",
"3": "",
"4": "heat (of the sun), fire, embers"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *greinā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).\nMatasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gríana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gréine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gréin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gríanaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gríanaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grían",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ngrían",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "grían f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "grían f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gréin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "gréin+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "gríana+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "gréin+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "gríanaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "gríanaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "gréin+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "grían+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "grían+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "gréine+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "gréin+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "gríana+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "grían+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "gréin+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "gríana+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "grían+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Astronomy",
"sga:Light sources"
],
"glosses": [
"sun"
],
"links": [
[
"sun",
"sun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʲrʲiːa̯n/"
}
],
"word": "grían"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grían meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: grían/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"grían"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grían",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"grían"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grían",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"grían"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grían",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for ngrían",
"path": [
"grían"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grían",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.