See gewH- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*géwH-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kewaną",
"t": "to cry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kjá"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kjá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kjá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*gáwbati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*gáwbati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowH-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kawjaną",
"t": "to call, name"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γοάω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γοάω (goáō)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or denominative from <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">γόος</i> (góos)"
},
"expansion": "(or denominative from γόος (góos))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γοάω (goáō) (or denominative from γόος (góos))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-ónti (denominative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gaustei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gaũsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gaũsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gaũsti, gaudžiù (“to make a sound, hum”, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gaũst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gaũst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gaũst, gaūžu (“to wail, lament”, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gǫsti",
"t": "to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gow-dʰh₁-us"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gaudùs",
"t": "sonorous"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gàuds",
"t": "miserable"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowH-oro-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gawaras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gaura",
"t": "chatter"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gȍvorъ",
"t": "talk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gʷowH-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γόος",
"t": "wailing, weeping, lament"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*guH-mós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kūmaz",
"t": "thin, weak, frail"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kūmo",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: kūmo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: kūmo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cyme",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: cyme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: cyme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जोगुवे",
"t": "to call, invoke",
"tr": "jóguve",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, invoke”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, invoke”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps connected to the synonymous *ǵʰewH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "g⁽ʷ⁾ew-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gewH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to call, name"
],
"id": "en-gewH--ine-pro-root-OTZjzAlY",
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to invoke, call on"
],
"id": "en-gewH--ine-pro-root-ZEJBgJQz",
"links": [
[
"invoke",
"invoke"
],
[
"call on",
"call on"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cry, cry out"
],
"id": "en-gewH--ine-pro-root-jUJhvyym",
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"cry out",
"cry out"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "gewH-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*géwH-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kewaną",
"t": "to cry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kjá"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kjá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kjá"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*gáwbati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*gáwbati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowH-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kawjaną",
"t": "to call, name"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γοάω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γοάω (goáō)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or denominative from <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">γόος</i> (góos)"
},
"expansion": "(or denominative from γόος (góos))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γοάω (goáō) (or denominative from γόος (góos))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-ónti (denominative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gaustei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gaũsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gaũsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gaũsti, gaudžiù (“to make a sound, hum”, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gaũst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gaũst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gaũst, gaūžu (“to wail, lament”, 1sg.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gǫsti",
"t": "to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gow-dʰh₁-us"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gaudùs",
"t": "sonorous"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gàuds",
"t": "miserable"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gowH-oro-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*gawaras"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gaura",
"t": "chatter"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gȍvorъ",
"t": "talk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*gʷowH-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γόος",
"t": "wailing, weeping, lament"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*guH-mós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kūmaz",
"t": "thin, weak, frail"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kūmo",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: kūmo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: kūmo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cyme",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: cyme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: cyme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जोगुवे",
"t": "to call, invoke",
"tr": "jóguve",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, invoke”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, invoke”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps connected to the synonymous *ǵʰewH-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "g⁽ʷ⁾ew-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gewH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to call, name"
],
"links": [
[
"call",
"call"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to invoke, call on"
],
"links": [
[
"invoke",
"invoke"
],
[
"call on",
"call on"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cry, cry out"
],
"links": [
[
"cry",
"cry"
],
[
"cry out",
"cry out"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "gewH-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gewH- meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.