See gavęzь on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "*гавѧзь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: *гавѧзь (*gavęzĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: *гавѧзь (*gavęzĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "гавѧзь",
"3": "гавѧзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: гавѧзь (havjazʹ), гавѧзъ (havjaz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: гавѧзь (havjazʹ), гавѧзъ (havjaz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гавэз"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гавэз (havez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гавэз (havez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "га́в'язь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: га́в'язь (hávʺjazʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: га́в'язь (hávʺjazʹ), га́в’яз (gáv’jaz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "hawiaź",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Polish: hawiaź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Polish: hawiaź"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гавязь",
"3": "гавьяз",
"4": "гавяз",
"5": "гавяз",
"6": "гавияс",
"7": "гавяс",
"8": "гобьяз"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гавязь (gavjazʹ), гавьяз (gavʹjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавияс (gavijas), гавяс (gavjas), гобьяз (gobʹjaz)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гавязь (gavjazʹ), гавьяз (gavʹjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавияс (gavijas), гавяс (gavjas), гобьяз (gobʹjaz) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гаве́з",
"3": "гавъ́з",
"4": "гавя́з"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гаве́з (gavéz), гавъ́з (gavǎ́z), гавя́з (gavjáz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гаве́з (gavéz), гавъ́з (gavǎ́z), гавя́з (gavjáz)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гавез"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гавез (gavez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гавез (gavez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "га̏ве̄з",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: га̏ве̄з",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: га̏ве̄з"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȁvēz",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȁvēz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȁvēz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȃvez"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȃvez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gȃvez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȃbez",
"3": "gȃvek",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Slovene: gȃbez, gȃvek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Slovene: gȃbez, gȃvek"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "havez",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: havez (learned)\n→ Slovak: havez (learned)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: havez (learned)\n→ Slovak: havez (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gawęda",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: gawęda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: gawęda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ox's tongue"
},
"expansion": "“ox's tongue”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ox's tongue"
},
"expansion": "Literally, “ox's tongue”",
"name": "lit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gʷṓws",
"3": "*ęzykъ",
"4": "*-ь",
"alt2": "*ęzy",
"lang1": "ine-pro",
"t1": "cattle",
"t2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "Univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”) + *ęzy (“tongue”) + *-ь",
"name": "univerbation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "во̏лови јѐзик//vȍlovi jèzik"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian во̏лови јѐзик /vȍlovi jèzik",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "воло́вий язи́к"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian воло́вий язи́к (volóvyj jazýk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βούγλωσσον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βούγλωσσον (boúglōsson)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گاوزبان",
"tr": "gâv-zabân"
},
"expansion": "Persian گاوزبان (gâv-zabân)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِسَان الثَوْر"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِسَان الثَوْر (lisān aṯ-ṯawr)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Literally, “ox's tongue”. Univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”) + *ęzy (“tongue”) + *-ь. In Slavic first term is attested in derivative *govędo (“cattle”). The plant's name refers to the shape of the leaves. Compare Serbo-Croatian во̏лови јѐзик /vȍlovi jèzik, Ukrainian воло́вий язи́к (volóvyj jazýk) from *volovъ < *volъ (“ox”).\nSimilar term exist in Ancient Greek βούγλωσσον (boúglōsson), which was calqued into Persian گاوزبان (gâv-zabân) and later into Arabic لِسَان الثَوْر (lisān aṯ-ṯawr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjē",
"roman": "gàvęžē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьju",
"roman": "gàvęžu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjь",
"roman": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьju",
"roman": "gàvęžu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gavęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjē",
"roman": "gàvęžē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gàvęzь",
"ap": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gavęzь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comfrey (any plant of the genus Symphytum officinale)"
],
"id": "en-gavęzь-sla-pro-noun-RCm1rGEP",
"links": [
[
"comfrey",
"comfrey"
],
[
"Symphytum officinale",
"Symphytum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "gavęzь"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "*гавѧзь"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: *гавѧзь (*gavęzĭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: *гавѧзь (*gavęzĭ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "гавѧзь",
"3": "гавѧзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: гавѧзь (havjazʹ), гавѧзъ (havjaz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: гавѧзь (havjazʹ), гавѧзъ (havjaz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "гавэз"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: гавэз (havez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: гавэз (havez)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "га́в'язь"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: га́в'язь (hávʺjazʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: га́в'язь (hávʺjazʹ), га́в’яз (gáv’jaz)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "hawiaź",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Polish: hawiaź",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Polish: hawiaź"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "гавязь",
"3": "гавьяз",
"4": "гавяз",
"5": "гавяз",
"6": "гавияс",
"7": "гавяс",
"8": "гобьяз"
},
"expansion": "Russian: гавязь (gavjazʹ), гавьяз (gavʹjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавияс (gavijas), гавяс (gavjas), гобьяз (gobʹjaz)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: гавязь (gavjazʹ), гавьяз (gavʹjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавяз (gavjaz), гавияс (gavijas), гавяс (gavjas), гобьяз (gobʹjaz) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "гаве́з",
"3": "гавъ́з",
"4": "гавя́з"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: гаве́з (gavéz), гавъ́з (gavǎ́z), гавя́з (gavjáz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: гаве́з (gavéz), гавъ́з (gavǎ́z), гавя́з (gavjáz)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "гавез"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: гавез (gavez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: гавез (gavez)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "га̏ве̄з",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: га̏ве̄з",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: га̏ве̄з"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "gȁvēz",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: gȁvēz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: gȁvēz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȃvez"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: gȃvez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: gȃvez"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "gȃbez",
"3": "gȃvek",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Slovene: gȃbez, gȃvek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Slovene: gȃbez, gȃvek"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "havez",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: havez (learned)\n→ Slovak: havez (learned)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: havez (learned)\n→ Slovak: havez (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gawęda",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: gawęda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: gawęda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ox's tongue"
},
"expansion": "“ox's tongue”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ox's tongue"
},
"expansion": "Literally, “ox's tongue”",
"name": "lit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gʷṓws",
"3": "*ęzykъ",
"4": "*-ь",
"alt2": "*ęzy",
"lang1": "ine-pro",
"t1": "cattle",
"t2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "Univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”) + *ęzy (“tongue”) + *-ь",
"name": "univerbation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "во̏лови јѐзик//vȍlovi jèzik"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian во̏лови јѐзик /vȍlovi jèzik",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "воло́вий язи́к"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian воло́вий язи́к (volóvyj jazýk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "βούγλωσσον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek βούγλωσσον (boúglōsson)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گاوزبان",
"tr": "gâv-zabân"
},
"expansion": "Persian گاوزبان (gâv-zabân)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "لِسَان الثَوْر"
},
"expansion": "Arabic لِسَان الثَوْر (lisān aṯ-ṯawr)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Literally, “ox's tongue”. Univerbation of Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”) + *ęzy (“tongue”) + *-ь. In Slavic first term is attested in derivative *govędo (“cattle”). The plant's name refers to the shape of the leaves. Compare Serbo-Croatian во̏лови јѐзик /vȍlovi jèzik, Ukrainian воло́вий язи́к (volóvyj jazýk) from *volovъ < *volъ (“ox”).\nSimilar term exist in Ancient Greek βούγλωσσον (boúglōsson), which was calqued into Persian گاوزبان (gâv-zabân) and later into Arabic لِسَان الثَوْر (lisān aṯ-ṯawr).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjē",
"roman": "gàvęžē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьju",
"roman": "gàvęžu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjь",
"roman": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьju",
"roman": "gàvęžu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gavęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gàvęzьjē",
"roman": "gàvęžē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gàvęzь",
"ap": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gavęzь",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic univerbations",
"sla-pro:Borage family plants",
"sla-pro:Herbs"
],
"glosses": [
"comfrey (any plant of the genus Symphytum officinale)"
],
"links": [
[
"comfrey",
"comfrey"
],
[
"Symphytum officinale",
"Symphytum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "gavęzь"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gavęzь meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.