See fulsome on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fulsome meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fulsom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fulsom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ful",
"3": "some"
},
"expansion": "ful- + -some",
"name": "confix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "foul",
"3": "",
"4": "foul"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foul (“foul”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fulsom, equivalent to ful- + -some. The meaning has evolved from an original positive connotation \"abundant\" to a neutral \"plump\" to a negative \"overfed\". In modern usage, it can take on any of these inflections. See usage note.\nThe negative sense \"offensive, gross; disgusting, sickening\" developed secondarily after the 13th century and was influenced by Middle English foul (“foul”). In the 18th century, the word was sometimes even spelled foulsome.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fulsomer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "fulsomest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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},
"expansion": "fulsome (comparative fulsomer, superlative fulsomest)",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fulsomely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fulsomeness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 35 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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},
{
"_dis": "31 31 21 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with ful-",
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},
{
"_dis": "30 35 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -some",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive."
],
"id": "en-fulsome-en-adj-MHepufNm",
"links": [
[
"Offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"tactless",
"tactless"
],
[
"overzealous",
"overzealous"
],
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "taktlos"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "geschmacklos"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "übereifrig"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "übertrieben"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "widerlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 2 2 2",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "fulsom"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "39 35 17 9",
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{
"_dis": "31 31 21 17",
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"name": "English terms prefixed with ful-",
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},
{
"_dis": "30 35 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -some",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018 January 28, Dafydd Pritchard, “Cardiff City 1 – 1 Manchester City”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "City overcame a spirited effort from Cardiff's Championship rivals Bristol City in a keenly contested Carabao Cup semi-final on Tuesday night, with manager Pep Guardiola fulsome in his praise for Lee Johnson's men over two legs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)."
],
"id": "en-fulsome-en-adj-tHdIWzg9",
"links": [
[
"Excessively",
"excessively"
],
[
"flatter",
"flatter"
],
[
"insincerity",
"insincerity"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 85 4 8",
"sense": "excessively flattering",
"word": "effusive"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 85 4 8",
"sense": "excessively flattering",
"word": "unctuous"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 92 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "schmeichlerisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "überschwänglich"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 92 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "anbiedernd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 35 17 9",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 31 21 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with ful-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -some",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The fulsome thanks of the war-torn nation lifted our weary spirits.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35",
"text": "These extra services before Christmas Day were in addition to fulsome train facilities on the day, with many companies running a Sunday service.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marked by fullness; abundant, copious."
],
"id": "en-fulsome-en-adj-5b3f50cM",
"links": [
[
"Marked",
"mark#Verb"
],
[
"fullness",
"fullness"
],
[
"abundant",
"abundant"
],
[
"copious",
"copious"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "profuse"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "reichhaltig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "ausgiebig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "reichlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "weitschweifig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "üppig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "überreichlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "uneingeschränkt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amita",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "അമിത"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 97 2",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "fulsom"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 21 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with ful-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 23 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -some",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Her fulsome timbre resonated throughout the hall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fully developed; mature."
],
"id": "en-fulsome-en-adj-k9LV36RZ",
"links": [
[
"Fully",
"fully"
],
[
"developed",
"developed#Adjective"
],
[
"mature",
"mature#Adjective"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "reif"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "vollentwickelt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "gereift"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "entwickelt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfʊlsəm/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"offensive"
],
"word": "gross"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "fullsome"
}
],
"word": "fulsome"
}
{
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "fulsome",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fulsom"
}
],
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of fulsom"
],
"id": "en-fulsome-enm-noun-5HVR3Y-e",
"links": [
[
"fulsom",
"fulsom#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
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],
"word": "fulsome"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with ful-",
"English terms suffixed with -some",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "fulsom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fulsom",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ful",
"3": "some"
},
"expansion": "ful- + -some",
"name": "confix"
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "foul",
"3": "",
"4": "foul"
},
"expansion": "Middle English foul (“foul”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fulsom, equivalent to ful- + -some. The meaning has evolved from an original positive connotation \"abundant\" to a neutral \"plump\" to a negative \"overfed\". In modern usage, it can take on any of these inflections. See usage note.\nThe negative sense \"offensive, gross; disgusting, sickening\" developed secondarily after the 13th century and was influenced by Middle English foul (“foul”). In the 18th century, the word was sometimes even spelled foulsome.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fulsomer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "fulsomest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "fulsome (comparative fulsomer, superlative fulsomest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "fulsomely"
},
{
"word": "fulsomeness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive."
],
"links": [
[
"Offensive",
"offensive"
],
[
"tactless",
"tactless"
],
[
"overzealous",
"overzealous"
],
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018 January 28, Dafydd Pritchard, “Cardiff City 1 – 1 Manchester City”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "City overcame a spirited effort from Cardiff's Championship rivals Bristol City in a keenly contested Carabao Cup semi-final on Tuesday night, with manager Pep Guardiola fulsome in his praise for Lee Johnson's men over two legs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)."
],
"links": [
[
"Excessively",
"excessively"
],
[
"flatter",
"flatter"
],
[
"insincerity",
"insincerity"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The fulsome thanks of the war-torn nation lifted our weary spirits.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35",
"text": "These extra services before Christmas Day were in addition to fulsome train facilities on the day, with many companies running a Sunday service.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marked by fullness; abundant, copious."
],
"links": [
[
"Marked",
"mark#Verb"
],
[
"fullness",
"fullness"
],
[
"abundant",
"abundant"
],
[
"copious",
"copious"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Her fulsome timbre resonated throughout the hall.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fully developed; mature."
],
"links": [
[
"Fully",
"fully"
],
[
"developed",
"developed#Adjective"
],
[
"mature",
"mature#Adjective"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfʊlsəm/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fulsome.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"offensive"
],
"word": "gross"
},
{
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "profuse"
},
{
"sense": "excessively flattering",
"word": "effusive"
},
{
"sense": "excessively flattering",
"word": "unctuous"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "fullsome"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "taktlos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "geschmacklos"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "übereifrig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "übertrieben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "widerlich"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "offensive to good taste, tactless, overzealous, excessive",
"word": "fulsom"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "schmeichlerisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "überschwänglich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "excessively flattering (connoting insincerity)",
"word": "anbiedernd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "reichhaltig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "ausgiebig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "reichlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "weitschweifig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "üppig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "überreichlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "uneingeschränkt"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amita",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "അമിത"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "abundant, copious",
"word": "fulsom"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "reif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "vollentwickelt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "gereift"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fully developed, mature",
"word": "entwickelt"
}
],
"word": "fulsome"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "fulsome",
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"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "fulsom"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of fulsom"
],
"links": [
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"fulsom",
"fulsom#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
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"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "fulsome"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.