See frafalu on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fræfel",
"3": "frefel",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fræfel, frefel n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fræfel, frefel n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*fraval"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *fraval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *fraval"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vrêvel",
"3": "vrevel",
"4": "frêvel",
"5": "vrêvele",
"6": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: vrêvel, vrevel, frêvel, vrêvele, wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: vrêvel, vrevel, frêvel, vrêvele, wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Frevel"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Frevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Frevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Wríeuwel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: Wríeuwel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: Wríeuwel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "fravali"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: fravali",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: fravali (attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vrēvel",
"3": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vrēvel, wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vrēvel, wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wrevel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "frefil",
"3": "frevil",
"4": ";",
"5": "frafalī",
"6": "frafalīn",
"7": "frafilī",
"g2": "m",
"g5": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: frefil, frevil m; frafalī, frafalīn, frafilī f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: frefil, frevil m; frafalī, frafalīn, frafilī f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrevel",
"3": "frefel",
"4": ";",
"5": "vrevele",
"g2": "m",
"g3": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vrevel, frefel m; vrevele f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vrevel, frefel m; vrevele f"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frevel",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "German: Frevel m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Frevel m"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frafal(i)",
"3": "*-u",
"t1": "wanton, wicked"
},
"expansion": "*frafal(i) (“wanton, wicked”) + *-u",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *frafal(i) (“wanton, wicked”) + *-u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*frafalu m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-u"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/frafalu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-u",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wantonness, cruelty"
],
"id": "en-frafalu-gmw-pro-noun-pmvsIuha",
"links": [
[
"wantonness",
"wantonness"
],
[
"cruelty",
"cruelty"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "frafalu"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fræfel",
"3": "frefel",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fræfel, frefel n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fræfel, frefel n"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*fraval"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *fraval",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *fraval"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "vrêvel",
"3": "vrevel",
"4": "frêvel",
"5": "vrêvele",
"6": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: vrêvel, vrevel, frêvel, vrêvele, wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: vrêvel, vrevel, frêvel, vrêvele, wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Frevel"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Frevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Frevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Wríeuwel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saterland Frisian: Wríeuwel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saterland Frisian: Wríeuwel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "fravali"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: fravali",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius"
},
"expansion": "(attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: fravali (attested in Latin texts as faravalium, farfalium, farfalius)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "vrēvel",
"3": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: vrēvel, wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: vrēvel, wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "wrevel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "wrevel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: wrevel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: wrevel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "frefil",
"3": "frevil",
"4": ";",
"5": "frafalī",
"6": "frafalīn",
"7": "frafilī",
"g2": "m",
"g5": "f"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: frefil, frevil m; frafalī, frafalīn, frafilī f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: frefil, frevil m; frafalī, frafalīn, frafilī f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrevel",
"3": "frefel",
"4": ";",
"5": "vrevele",
"g2": "m",
"g3": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vrevel, frefel m; vrevele f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vrevel, frefel m; vrevele f"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Frevel",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "German: Frevel m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Frevel m"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*frafal(i)",
"3": "*-u",
"t1": "wanton, wicked"
},
"expansion": "*frafal(i) (“wanton, wicked”) + *-u",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *frafal(i) (“wanton, wicked”) + *-u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafaliwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frafalum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*frafalu m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-u"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/frafalu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-u",
"Proto-West Germanic u-stem nouns",
"gmw-pro:Abuse"
],
"glosses": [
"wantonness, cruelty"
],
"links": [
[
"wantonness",
"wantonness"
],
[
"cruelty",
"cruelty"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "frafalu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frafalu meaning in All languages combined (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.