See espion on Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "eu", "2": "espioi", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Basque: espioi", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Basque: espioi" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Spion", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: Spion", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "or directly from Italian" }, "expansion": "(or directly from Italian)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "→ German: Spion (or directly from Italian)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "espion", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norman: espion", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norman: espion" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "espião", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: espião", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: espião" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ispiyon", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Turkish: ispiyon", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Turkish: ispiyon" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Inherited" }, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frm", "3": "*espion", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": "" }, "expansion": "Middle French *espion", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frm", "3": "*espion" }, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French *espion", "name": "inh+" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "fro", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "Old French espion", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "fro", "3": "espie", "4": "", "5": "spy" }, "expansion": "Old French espie (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "spione", "4": "", "5": "spy" }, "expansion": "Italian spione (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "French espion", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "spione" }, "expansion": "Italian spione", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frk", "3": "*spehō", "t": "spy" }, "expansion": "Frankish *spehō (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frk", "3": "*spehōn", "t": "to look, spy" }, "expansion": "Frankish *spehōn (“to look, spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*spehōną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spehōną", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French *espion (attested only in the verb espionner), from Old French espion, spion (“one assigned to observe or spy”).\nAlternatively, derived from Old French espie (“spy”), under influence of Italian spione (“spy”).\nAccording to another theory, French espion is borrowed from Italian spione. The word is ultimately from Frankish *spehō (“spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to look, spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną.", "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "espionne", "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m", "f": "+" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions, feminine espionne)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Espionage", "orig": "fr:Espionage", "parents": [ "Deception", "Secrecy", "Security", "Ethics", "Human behaviour", "Society", "Philosophy", "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fr", "name": "Occupations", "orig": "fr:Occupations", "parents": [ "People", "Work", "Human", "Human activity", "All topics", "Human behaviour", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "logiciel espion" } ], "glosses": [ "spy (person who secretly watches)" ], "id": "en-espion-fr-noun-swS7rT1W", "links": [ [ "espionage", "espionage" ], [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(espionage) spy (person who secretly watches)" ], "related": [ { "word": "espionnage" }, { "word": "espionner" } ], "tags": [ "masculine" ], "topics": [ "espionage", "government", "military", "politics", "war" ], "wikipedia": [ "fr:espion" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɛs.pjɔ̃/" }, { "audio": "Fr-espion.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Fr-espion.ogg/Fr-espion.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Fr-espion.ogg" } ], "word": "espion" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "fr", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "French espion", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French espion.", "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "{{{3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "espions", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "g": "m", "g2": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions)", "name": "nrf-noun" } ], "lang": "Norman", "lang_code": "nrm", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Jersey Norman", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "nrf", "name": "People", "orig": "nrf:People", "parents": [ "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "spy" ], "id": "en-espion-nrm-noun-V9SqN3JQ", "links": [ [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Jersey) spy" ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "êpieux" } ], "tags": [ "Jersey", "masculine" ] } ], "word": "espion" } { "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "espiona", "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "form": "espionas", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "oc", "2": "nouns", "g": "m", "g2": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "espion m", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "f": "espiona" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions, feminine espiona, feminine plural espionas)", "name": "oc-noun" } ], "lang": "Occitan", "lang_code": "oc", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Occitan entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "spy" ], "id": "en-espion-oc-noun-V9SqN3JQ", "links": [ [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "espionar" } ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "espion" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "logiciel espion" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "eu", "2": "espioi", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Basque: espioi", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Basque: espioi" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Spion", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ German: Spion", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "or directly from Italian" }, "expansion": "(or directly from Italian)", "name": "q" } ], "text": "→ German: Spion (or directly from Italian)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "espion", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Norman: espion", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Norman: espion" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pt", "2": "espião", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Portuguese: espião", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Portuguese: espião" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tr", "2": "ispiyon", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Turkish: ispiyon", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Turkish: ispiyon" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "Inherited" }, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frm", "3": "*espion", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": "" }, "expansion": "Middle French *espion", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frm", "3": "*espion" }, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French *espion", "name": "inh+" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "fro", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "Old French espion", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "fro", "3": "espie", "4": "", "5": "spy" }, "expansion": "Old French espie (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "spione", "4": "", "5": "spy" }, "expansion": "Italian spione (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "French espion", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "it", "3": "spione" }, "expansion": "Italian spione", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frk", "3": "*spehō", "t": "spy" }, "expansion": "Frankish *spehō (“spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "frk", "3": "*spehōn", "t": "to look, spy" }, "expansion": "Frankish *spehōn (“to look, spy”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*spehōną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *spehōną", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French *espion (attested only in the verb espionner), from Old French espion, spion (“one assigned to observe or spy”).\nAlternatively, derived from Old French espie (“spy”), under influence of Italian spione (“spy”).\nAccording to another theory, French espion is borrowed from Italian spione. The word is ultimately from Frankish *spehō (“spy”), from Frankish *spehōn (“to look, spy”), from Proto-Germanic *spehōną.", "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "espionne", "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "m", "f": "+" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions, feminine espionne)", "name": "fr-noun" } ], "lang": "French", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "espionnage" }, { "word": "espionner" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "French 2-syllable words", "French countable nouns", "French entries with incorrect language header", "French lemmas", "French masculine nouns", "French nouns", "French terms borrowed from Italian", "French terms derived from Frankish", "French terms derived from Italian", "French terms derived from Middle French", "French terms derived from Old French", "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "French terms inherited from Middle French", "French terms inherited from Old French", "French terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "fr:Espionage", "fr:Occupations" ], "glosses": [ "spy (person who secretly watches)" ], "links": [ [ "espionage", "espionage" ], [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(espionage) spy (person who secretly watches)" ], "tags": [ "masculine" ], "topics": [ "espionage", "government", "military", "politics", "war" ], "wikipedia": [ "fr:espion" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ɛs.pjɔ̃/" }, { "audio": "Fr-espion.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/Fr-espion.ogg/Fr-espion.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Fr-espion.ogg" } ], "word": "espion" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "2": "fr", "3": "espion" }, "expansion": "French espion", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French espion.", "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nrf", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "{{{3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "espions", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "g": "m", "g2": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions)", "name": "nrf-noun" } ], "lang": "Norman", "lang_code": "nrm", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Jersey Norman", "Norman entries with incorrect language header", "Norman lemmas", "Norman masculine nouns", "Norman nouns", "Norman terms borrowed from French", "Norman terms derived from French", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries", "nrf:People" ], "glosses": [ "spy" ], "links": [ [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Jersey) spy" ], "tags": [ "Jersey", "masculine" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "êpieux" } ], "word": "espion" } { "forms": [ { "form": "espions", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "espiona", "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "form": "espionas", "tags": [ "feminine", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "oc", "2": "nouns", "g": "m", "g2": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "espion m", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "f": "espiona" }, "expansion": "espion m (plural espions, feminine espiona, feminine plural espionas)", "name": "oc-noun" } ], "lang": "Occitan", "lang_code": "oc", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "espionar" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Occitan countable nouns", "Occitan entries with incorrect language header", "Occitan lemmas", "Occitan masculine nouns", "Occitan nouns", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "spy" ], "links": [ [ "spy", "spy" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "audio": "LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav/LL-Q14185_%28oci%29-Davidgrosclaude-espion.wav.ogg" } ], "word": "espion" }
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