"earfoþe" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "earfoþþrāg"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbaiþi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbaidiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hardship"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbijaną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbāną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be orphaned"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbāną (“be orphaned”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "рабъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "arbēd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian arbēd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arƀed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon arƀed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arvēd"
      },
      "expansion": "arvēd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "arbeid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch arbeid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Arbeit",
        "3": "",
        "4": "work, labour"
      },
      "expansion": "German Arbeit (“work, labour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "erfiði"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse erfiði",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arvode",
        "3": "",
        "4": "salary"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arvode (“salary”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”).\nCompare Old English ierfa. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos, whence Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós), Latin orbus, Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”). Cognate with Old Frisian arbēd, Old Saxon arƀed, arvēd, Old Dutch arbeit (Dutch arbeid), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit (“work, labour”)), Old Norse erfiði (Swedish arvode (“salary”)), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "earfoþu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "earfoþe n (nominative plural earfoþu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "earfoþu"
      },
      "expansion": "earfoþe n (nominative plural earfoþu)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "work; labour"
      ],
      "id": "en-earfoþe-ang-noun-KHT~j33i",
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "suffering; hardship"
      ],
      "id": "en-earfoþe-ang-noun-tiSHg0Ix",
      "links": [
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "hardship",
          "hardship"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 20 53 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "labour; pains; trouble; childbirth"
      ],
      "id": "en-earfoþe-ang-noun-LydZ2bI9",
      "links": [
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ],
        [
          "pains",
          "pains"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ],
        [
          "childbirth",
          "childbirth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disease"
      ],
      "id": "en-earfoþe-ang-noun-uOjDE7Zx",
      "links": [
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ͜ɑr.fo.θe/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈæ͜ɑrˠ.vo.θe]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "earfeþe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "earfod"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earfoþe"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "īeþe"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "arveð"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: arveð",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: arveð"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbaiþi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbaidiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hardship"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbijaną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbāną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be orphaned"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbāną (“be orphaned”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "рабъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "arbēd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian arbēd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arƀed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon arƀed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arvēd"
      },
      "expansion": "arvēd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "arbeid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch arbeid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Arbeit",
        "3": "",
        "4": "work, labour"
      },
      "expansion": "German Arbeit (“work, labour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "erfiði"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse erfiði",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arvode",
        "3": "",
        "4": "salary"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arvode (“salary”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”).\nCompare Old English ierfa. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos, whence Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós), Latin orbus, Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”). Cognate with Old Frisian arbēd, Old Saxon arƀed, arvēd, Old Dutch arbeit (Dutch arbeid), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit (“work, labour”)), Old Norse erfiði (Swedish arvode (“salary”)), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "earfoþe",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earfoþe"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "earfoþnes"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "John then gathered the fragments of the jewels, and looked to heaven, thus saying, \"Lord Jesus, to thee nothing is difficult; thou didst restore this crushed world for thy faithful, through sign of the holy rood; restore now these precious gems, by thy angels' hands, that these ignorant men may acknowledge thy powers, and in thee believe.\"",
          "text": "c. 992, Ælfric, \"The Assumption of St. John the Apostle\"\nIohannes þa gegaderode ðæra gymstana bricas, and beseah to heofonum, þus cweðende, \"Drihten Hælend, nis ðe nan ðing earfoðe; þu ge-edstaðelodest ðisne tobrocenan middangeard on þinum geleaffullum, þurh tácen þære halgan rode; ge-edstaðela nu þas deorwurðan gymstanas, ðurh ðinra engla handa, þæt ðas nytenan menn þine mihta oncnāwon, and on þe gelyfon.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard, difficult"
      ],
      "id": "en-earfoþe-ang-adj-tGyzzOgt",
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ͜ɑr.fo.θe/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈæ͜ɑrˠ.vo.θe]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "earfeþe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "earfod"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earfoþe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "earfoþþrāg"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbaiþi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbaidiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hardship"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbijaną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbāną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be orphaned"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbāną (“be orphaned”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "рабъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "arbēd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian arbēd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arƀed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon arƀed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arvēd"
      },
      "expansion": "arvēd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "arbeid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch arbeid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Arbeit",
        "3": "",
        "4": "work, labour"
      },
      "expansion": "German Arbeit (“work, labour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "erfiði"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse erfiði",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arvode",
        "3": "",
        "4": "salary"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arvode (“salary”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”).\nCompare Old English ierfa. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos, whence Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós), Latin orbus, Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”). Cognate with Old Frisian arbēd, Old Saxon arƀed, arvēd, Old Dutch arbeit (Dutch arbeid), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit (“work, labour”)), Old Norse erfiði (Swedish arvode (“salary”)), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "earfoþu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "earfoþe n (nominative plural earfoþu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "earfoþu"
      },
      "expansion": "earfoþe n (nominative plural earfoþu)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "work; labour"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "suffering; hardship"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "hardship",
          "hardship"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "labour; pains; trouble; childbirth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ],
        [
          "pains",
          "pains"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ],
        [
          "childbirth",
          "childbirth"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disease"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ͜ɑr.fo.θe/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈæ͜ɑrˠ.vo.θe]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "earfeþe"
    },
    {
      "word": "earfod"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earfoþe"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "īeþe"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "earfoþnes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "arveð"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: arveð",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: arveð"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbaiþi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbaidiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hardship"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbijaną",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*arbāną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "be orphaned"
      },
      "expansion": "*arbāną (“be orphaned”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "рабъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "slave"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "arbēd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian arbēd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arƀed"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon arƀed",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "arvēd"
      },
      "expansion": "arvēd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "arbeid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch arbeid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "arbeit"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German arbeit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Arbeit",
        "3": "",
        "4": "work, labour"
      },
      "expansion": "German Arbeit (“work, labour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "erfiði"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse erfiði",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arvode",
        "3": "",
        "4": "salary"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arvode (“salary”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”).\nCompare Old English ierfa. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos, whence Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós), Latin orbus, Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”). Cognate with Old Frisian arbēd, Old Saxon arƀed, arvēd, Old Dutch arbeit (Dutch arbeid), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit (“work, labour”)), Old Norse erfiði (Swedish arvode (“salary”)), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "earfoþum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "earfoþe",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "earfoþe"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "John then gathered the fragments of the jewels, and looked to heaven, thus saying, \"Lord Jesus, to thee nothing is difficult; thou didst restore this crushed world for thy faithful, through sign of the holy rood; restore now these precious gems, by thy angels' hands, that these ignorant men may acknowledge thy powers, and in thee believe.\"",
          "text": "c. 992, Ælfric, \"The Assumption of St. John the Apostle\"\nIohannes þa gegaderode ðæra gymstana bricas, and beseah to heofonum, þus cweðende, \"Drihten Hælend, nis ðe nan ðing earfoðe; þu ge-edstaðelodest ðisne tobrocenan middangeard on þinum geleaffullum, þurh tácen þære halgan rode; ge-edstaðela nu þas deorwurðan gymstanas, ðurh ðinra engla handa, þæt ðas nytenan menn þine mihta oncnāwon, and on þe gelyfon.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hard, difficult"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæ͜ɑr.fo.θe/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈæ͜ɑrˠ.vo.θe]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "earfeþe"
    },
    {
      "word": "earfod"
    }
  ],
  "word": "earfoþe"
}