See dus- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: տ- (t-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: տ- (t-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dъždžь",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rainstorm, rain"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *dъždžь (“rainstorm, rain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *dъždžь (“rainstorm, rain”) (< *dus-dyu- (“bad sky”), from *dyu- (“sky, day”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *dus-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*tuz-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *tuz-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *tuz- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dus-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*duš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duš-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duš- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dis-"
},
"expansion": "Latin: dis-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: dis-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "unc",
"3": "*dews->lack",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *dews- (“lack”). De Vaan instead suggests a derivation from the root of *dwóh₁ (“two”) with sense development from \"into two\" > \"apart\" > \"bad\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*h₁su-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [
"Entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-dus--ine-pro-prefix-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ehu-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δυσ- (dus-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δυσ- (dus-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*dus->bad",
"id": "bad",
"pos": "prefix",
"text": "1"
},
"expansion": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-, possibly from *dews-.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-, possibly from *dews-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Hellenic entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Hellenic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-dus--grk-pro-prefix-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-",
"3": "du-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: do-, du-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: do-, du-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Irish: do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: do-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"id": "en-dus--cel-pro-prefix-LwXUtonS",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "do-",
"3": "du-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: do-, du-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: do-, du-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Irish: do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: do-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic prefixes",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ehu-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "δυσ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: δυσ- (dus-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: δυσ- (dus-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*dus->bad",
"id": "bad",
"pos": "prefix",
"text": "1"
},
"expansion": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-, possibly from *dews-.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dus-, possibly from *dews-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
"lang_code": "grk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Hellenic entries with etymology texts",
"Proto-Hellenic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Hellenic lemmas",
"Proto-Hellenic prefixes",
"Proto-Hellenic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Hellenic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "տ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: տ- (t-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: տ- (t-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dъždžь",
"der": "1",
"gloss": "rainstorm, rain"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *dъždžь (“rainstorm, rain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Slavic: *dъždžь (“rainstorm, rain”) (< *dus-dyu- (“bad sky”), from *dyu- (“sky, day”))"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *dus-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*tuz-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *tuz-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *tuz- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*dus-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *dus-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *dus- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*duš-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duš-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duš- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dis-"
},
"expansion": "Latin: dis-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: dis-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "unc",
"3": "*dews->lack",
"id": "bad"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *dews- (“lack”). De Vaan instead suggests a derivation from the root of *dwóh₁ (“two”) with sense development from \"into two\" > \"apart\" > \"bad\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*dus-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dus-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*h₁su-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"bad"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "dus-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dus- meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.