See dungijǭ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dungijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dungijā\nOld English: dynċġe, dinċġe, denġe\n→ Latin: dingia (Anglo-Latin)\nOld Dutch: *dunga\nMiddle Dutch: *donge, *donke\nDutch: donk (archaic)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: santdonc\n⇒ Old Dutch: Dungus\n⇒ Old Dutch: Medmedug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dungijā\nOld English: dynċġe, dinċġe, denġe\n→ Latin: dingia (Anglo-Latin)\nOld Dutch: *dunga\nMiddle Dutch: *donge, *donke\nDutch: donk (archaic)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: santdonc\n⇒ Old Dutch: Dungus\n⇒ Old Dutch: Medmedug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyngja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyngja\nIcelandic: dyngja\nFaroese: dyngja (“heap, pile, multitude, crowd”)\nNorn: dongja (“heap, pile”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: dynge\nNorwegian Nynorsk: dyngje (“heap, pile”)\nOld Swedish: dyngia\nSwedish: dynga\nDanish: dynge\nGutnish: dyngge, dynggå",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyngja\nIcelandic: dyngja\nFaroese: dyngja (“heap, pile, multitude, crowd”)\nNorn: dongja (“heap, pile”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: dynge\nNorwegian Nynorsk: dyngje (“heap, pile”)\nOld Swedish: dyngia\nSwedish: dynga\nDanish: dynge\nGutnish: dyngge, dynggå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*mykidyngja",
"der": "1",
"t": "dung heap"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: *mykidyngja (“dung heap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: *mykidyngja (“dung heap”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "møghdyngh",
"3": "møgdinge",
"4": "møgding"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: møghdyngh, møgdinge, møgding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: møghdyngh, møgdinge, møgding"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mødding"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mødding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mødding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mödding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: mödding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: mödding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mødding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: mødding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: mødding"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "midding",
"3": "miding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: midding, miding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: midding, miding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "midding",
"3": "midden"
},
"expansion": "English: midding, midden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: midding, midden"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "midin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: midin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: midin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*tunkijo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tunkijo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tunkijo (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰengʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dungō",
"3": "*-jǭ",
"t1": "earth, dung"
},
"expansion": "*dungō (“earth, dung”) + *-jǭ",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dungijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dungijan",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from *dungō (“earth, dung”) + *-jǭ. Kroonen, however, derives this via an intermediary verb *dungijaną (“to fertilise”). See Proto-West Germanic *dungijan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dungijǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dankō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "71 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-jǭ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earthen mound"
],
"id": "en-dungijǭ-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:mound",
"links": [
[
"earthen",
"earthen"
],
[
"mound",
"mound"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:mound"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dunghill"
],
"id": "en-dungijǭ-gem-pro-noun-kyZJm-4g",
"links": [
[
"dunghill",
"dunghill"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduŋ.ɡi.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "dungijǭ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyngja",
"t": "bower"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyngja (“bower”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyngja (“bower”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰengʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dungz",
"3": "*-jǭ",
"t1": "vault, cave, cellar"
},
"expansion": "*dungz (“vault, cave, cellar”) + *-jǭ",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *dungz (“vault, cave, cellar”) + *-jǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dungijǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"apartment, bower"
],
"id": "en-dungijǭ-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:bower",
"links": [
[
"apartment",
"apartment"
],
[
"bower",
"bower"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:bower"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduŋ.ɡi.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "dungijǭ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰengʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-jǭ",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dungijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dungijā\nOld English: dynċġe, dinċġe, denġe\n→ Latin: dingia (Anglo-Latin)\nOld Dutch: *dunga\nMiddle Dutch: *donge, *donke\nDutch: donk (archaic)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: santdonc\n⇒ Old Dutch: Dungus\n⇒ Old Dutch: Medmedug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dungijā\nOld English: dynċġe, dinċġe, denġe\n→ Latin: dingia (Anglo-Latin)\nOld Dutch: *dunga\nMiddle Dutch: *donge, *donke\nDutch: donk (archaic)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: santdonc\n⇒ Old Dutch: Dungus\n⇒ Old Dutch: Medmedug"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyngja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyngja\nIcelandic: dyngja\nFaroese: dyngja (“heap, pile, multitude, crowd”)\nNorn: dongja (“heap, pile”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: dynge\nNorwegian Nynorsk: dyngje (“heap, pile”)\nOld Swedish: dyngia\nSwedish: dynga\nDanish: dynge\nGutnish: dyngge, dynggå",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyngja\nIcelandic: dyngja\nFaroese: dyngja (“heap, pile, multitude, crowd”)\nNorn: dongja (“heap, pile”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: dynge\nNorwegian Nynorsk: dyngje (“heap, pile”)\nOld Swedish: dyngia\nSwedish: dynga\nDanish: dynge\nGutnish: dyngge, dynggå"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*mykidyngja",
"der": "1",
"t": "dung heap"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: *mykidyngja (“dung heap”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: *mykidyngja (“dung heap”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "møghdyngh",
"3": "møgdinge",
"4": "møgding"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: møghdyngh, møgdinge, møgding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: møghdyngh, møgdinge, møgding"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "mødding"
},
"expansion": "Danish: mødding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: mødding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "mödding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: mödding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: mödding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "mødding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: mødding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: mødding"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "midding",
"3": "miding",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: midding, miding",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: midding, miding"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "midding",
"3": "midden"
},
"expansion": "English: midding, midden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: midding, midden"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "midin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: midin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: midin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*tunkijo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tunkijo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tunkijo (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰengʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dungō",
"3": "*-jǭ",
"t1": "earth, dung"
},
"expansion": "*dungō (“earth, dung”) + *-jǭ",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*dungijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dungijan",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from *dungō (“earth, dung”) + *-jǭ. Kroonen, however, derives this via an intermediary verb *dungijaną (“to fertilise”). See Proto-West Germanic *dungijan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dungijǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dankō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"earthen mound"
],
"links": [
[
"earthen",
"earthen"
],
[
"mound",
"mound"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:mound"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dunghill"
],
"links": [
[
"dunghill",
"dunghill"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduŋ.ɡi.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "dungijǭ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰengʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-jǭ",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dyngja",
"t": "bower"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: dyngja (“bower”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: dyngja (“bower”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰengʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dungz",
"3": "*-jǭ",
"t1": "vault, cave, cellar"
},
"expansion": "*dungz (“vault, cave, cellar”) + *-jǭ",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from *dungz (“vault, cave, cellar”) + *-jǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dungijōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dungijǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"apartment, bower"
],
"links": [
[
"apartment",
"apartment"
],
[
"bower",
"bower"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:bower"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduŋ.ɡi.jɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "dungijǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dungijǭ meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.