See dumben on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "dumb + -en",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to be silent"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdumbnan, “to be silent”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dumb + -en. Compare Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdumbnan, “to be silent”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dumbens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dumben (third-person singular simple present dumbens, present participle dumbening, simple past and past participle dumbened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Welsh Arts Council, Poetry Wales:",
"text": "Please hush-now this heart to dumben this breath. Please muffle the whimpers, the drippings of sweat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make dumb."
],
"id": "en-dumben-en-verb-LvbUEtXH",
"links": [
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To make dumb."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
}
],
"word": "dumben"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dumb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*dumbian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dumbian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dumbōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dumbōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dumbōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dumbōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *dumbian, from Proto-West Germanic *dumbōn, from Proto-Germanic *dumbōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ydumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dumben",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Silence",
"orig": "enm:Silence",
"parents": [
"Sound",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make no sound or movement."
],
"id": "en-dumben-enm-verb-dvX6pTOv",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "doumben"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdumbən/"
}
],
"word": "dumben"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "dumb + -en",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"t": "to be silent"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdumbnan, “to be silent”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dumb + -en. Compare Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdumbnan, “to be silent”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dumbens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dumben (third-person singular simple present dumbens, present participle dumbening, simple past and past participle dumbened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən",
"Rhymes:English/ʌmən/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Welsh Arts Council, Poetry Wales:",
"text": "Please hush-now this heart to dumben this breath. Please muffle the whimpers, the drippings of sweat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make dumb."
],
"links": [
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To make dumb."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʌmən"
}
],
"word": "dumben"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dumb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*dumbian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dumbian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dumbōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dumbōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dumbōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dumbōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *dumbian, from Proto-West Germanic *dumbōn, from Proto-Germanic *dumbōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ydumbed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "dumben",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English rare terms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Silence",
"enm:Talking"
],
"glosses": [
"To make no sound or movement."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdumbən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "doumben"
}
],
"word": "dumben"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dumben meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.