See dúshlán on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to challenge, throw down the gauntlet to",
"word": "cuir dúshlán faoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "it is as much as one can do",
"word": "is é do dhúshlán é"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "I dare you!",
"word": "do dhúshlán!"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dú-",
"3": "slán"
},
"expansion": "dú- + slán",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dú- + slán.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "a dhúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a dhúshlána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na ndúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dhúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ndúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "dúshláin",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "dúshláin",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dúshlán m (genitive singular dúshláin, nominative plural dúshláin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "dúshláin",
"3": "dúshláin"
},
"expansion": "dúshlán m (genitive singular dúshláin, nominative plural dúshláin)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 2 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 8 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 3 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to respond to/take up a challenge",
"text": "dúshlán a fhreagairt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to challenge, dare, brave, call out",
"text": "dúshlán a thabhairt",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challenge (that which encourages someone to do something they otherwise would not), dare"
],
"id": "en-dúshlán-ga-noun-fd2~Ik5n",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dare",
"dare"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I defy you",
"text": "mo dhúshlán fút",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to fly in the face of God, to tempt providence",
"text": "dúshlán Dé a thabhairt",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defiance"
],
"id": "en-dúshlán-ga-noun-NVcmjrvV",
"links": [
[
"defiance",
"defiance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 2 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 13 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish terms prefixed with dú-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 8 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "through bravado",
"text": "as dúshlán",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bravado"
],
"id": "en-dúshlán-ga-noun-l1bq4u4T",
"links": [
[
"bravado",
"bravado"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gaisce"
},
{
"word": "gaisciúlacht"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ˠuːl̪ˠanˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ˠuːl̪ˠan̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dubhshlán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dubh-shlán"
}
],
"word": "dúshlán"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish first-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms prefixed with dú-",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to challenge, throw down the gauntlet to",
"word": "cuir dúshlán faoi"
},
{
"english": "it is as much as one can do",
"word": "is é do dhúshlán é"
},
{
"english": "I dare you!",
"word": "do dhúshlán!"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "dú-",
"3": "slán"
},
"expansion": "dú- + slán",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From dú- + slán.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "a dhúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a dhúshlána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "an dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na ndúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don dúshlán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na dúshláin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "dhúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ndúshlán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "dúshláin",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "dúshláin",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dúshlán m (genitive singular dúshláin, nominative plural dúshláin)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "dúshláin",
"3": "dúshláin"
},
"expansion": "dúshlán m (genitive singular dúshláin, nominative plural dúshláin)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to respond to/take up a challenge",
"text": "dúshlán a fhreagairt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to challenge, dare, brave, call out",
"text": "dúshlán a thabhairt",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challenge (that which encourages someone to do something they otherwise would not), dare"
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"dare",
"dare"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I defy you",
"text": "mo dhúshlán fút",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to fly in the face of God, to tempt providence",
"text": "dúshlán Dé a thabhairt",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"defiance"
],
"links": [
[
"defiance",
"defiance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "through bravado",
"text": "as dúshlán",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bravado"
],
"links": [
[
"bravado",
"bravado"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gaisce"
},
{
"word": "gaisciúlacht"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ˠuːl̪ˠanˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd̪ˠuːl̪ˠan̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dubhshlán"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "dubh-shlán"
}
],
"word": "dúshlán"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dúshlán meaning in All languages combined (4.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: vocative",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: dúshlán/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"dúshlán"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "dúshlán",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.