See cwellan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: quellen, cwellen, quell, quelle, qwell, qwelle, cwellenn (Ormulum)\nEnglish: quell\nScots: quell, quel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: quellen, cwellen, quell, quelle, qwell, qwelle, cwellenn (Ormulum)\nEnglish: quell\nScots: quell, quel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kwalljan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kwalljan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kwaljaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to torment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwaljaną (“to torment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "quellian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon quellian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch quellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kwellen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kwellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German quellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "quälen"
},
"expansion": "German quälen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kvelja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kvelja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kvæle"
},
"expansion": "Danish kvæle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kwalljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwaljaną (“to torment”). Cognates include Old Saxon quellian, Middle Dutch quellen (Dutch kwellen), Old High German quellen (German quälen), Old Norse kvelja (Danish kvæle).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cweleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwele",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cweald",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġecweald",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cwellan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cwellan<w1/papp:cweald>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "ang:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "ang:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cwellere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill, slay"
],
"id": "en-cwellan-ang-verb-9W9eC7bx",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"slay",
"slay"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkwel.lɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkweɫ.ɫɑn]"
}
],
"word": "cwellan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cwellere"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: quellen, cwellen, quell, quelle, qwell, qwelle, cwellenn (Ormulum)\nEnglish: quell\nScots: quell, quel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: quellen, cwellen, quell, quelle, qwell, qwelle, cwellenn (Ormulum)\nEnglish: quell\nScots: quell, quel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kwalljan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kwalljan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kwaljaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to torment"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwaljaną (“to torment”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "quellian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon quellian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch quellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kwellen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kwellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "quellen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German quellen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "quälen"
},
"expansion": "German quälen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kvelja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kvelja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kvæle"
},
"expansion": "Danish kvæle",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kwalljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwaljaną (“to torment”). Cognates include Old Saxon quellian, Middle Dutch quellen (Dutch kwellen), Old High German quellen (German quälen), Old Norse kvelja (Danish kvæle).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealdest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cweleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealdon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwelle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwealden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cwele",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cwellende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cweald",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġecweald",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cwellan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cwellan<w1/papp:cweald>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Death",
"ang:Violence"
],
"glosses": [
"to kill, slay"
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"slay",
"slay"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkwel.lɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkweɫ.ɫɑn]"
}
],
"word": "cwellan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cwellan meaning in All languages combined (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.