See cnif on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cnif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "knyf"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of knyf"
],
"id": "en-cnif-enm-noun-J92lwY4r",
"links": [
[
"knyf",
"knyf#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cnif"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knyf",
"3": "knif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: knyf, knif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: knyf, knif"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knyfe",
"3": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Scots: knyfe, knife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: knyfe, knife"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knife"
},
"expansion": "English: knife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: knife"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "nefi"
},
"expansion": "Sranan Tongo: nefi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sranan Tongo: nefi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "kunnife"
},
"expansion": "Yola: kunnife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: kunnife"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "canif",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: canif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: canif"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*knībaz",
"4": "",
"5": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *knībaz (“knife”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Messer"
},
"expansion": "German Messer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "knífr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse knífr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "knīf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German knīf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cnijf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cnijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "knijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch knijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kneif"
},
"expansion": "German Kneif",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "This word is the expected reflex of Proto-Germanic *knībaz (“knife”), but it is not attested until the 11th century and earlier Old English instead used seax and meteseax (cognate with German Messer), so some suspect that cnīf was borrowed from or reinforced by Old Norse knífr. Cognate with Middle Low German knīf, Middle Dutch cnijf (Dutch knijf), German Kneif.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cnīf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cnīf",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cnīf m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "cnīf"
},
"expansion": "cnīf m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cnīf"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cnīf",
"2": "cnīfas",
"3": "cnīf",
"4": "cnīfas",
"5": "cnīfes",
"6": "cnīfa",
"7": "cnīfe",
"8": "cnīfum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ang:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "ang:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knife"
],
"id": "en-cnif-ang-noun-PU0QHNfq",
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kniːf/"
}
],
"word": "cnif"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cnif",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "knyf"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of knyf"
],
"links": [
[
"knyf",
"knyf#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cnif"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "knyf",
"3": "knif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: knyf, knif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: knyf, knif"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "knyfe",
"3": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Scots: knyfe, knife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: knyfe, knife"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knife"
},
"expansion": "English: knife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: knife"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "nefi"
},
"expansion": "Sranan Tongo: nefi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sranan Tongo: nefi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "kunnife"
},
"expansion": "Yola: kunnife",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: kunnife"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "canif",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: canif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: canif"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*knībaz",
"4": "",
"5": "knife"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *knībaz (“knife”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Messer"
},
"expansion": "German Messer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "knífr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse knífr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "knīf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German knīf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cnijf"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cnijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "knijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch knijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kneif"
},
"expansion": "German Kneif",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "This word is the expected reflex of Proto-Germanic *knībaz (“knife”), but it is not attested until the 11th century and earlier Old English instead used seax and meteseax (cognate with German Messer), so some suspect that cnīf was borrowed from or reinforced by Old Norse knífr. Cognate with Middle Low German knīf, Middle Dutch cnijf (Dutch knijf), German Kneif.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cnīf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cnīfum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cnīf",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cnīf m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "cnīf"
},
"expansion": "cnīf m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cnīf"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cnīf",
"2": "cnīfas",
"3": "cnīf",
"4": "cnīfas",
"5": "cnīfes",
"6": "cnīfa",
"7": "cnīfe",
"8": "cnīfum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Tools",
"ang:Weapons"
],
"glosses": [
"knife"
],
"links": [
[
"knife",
"knife"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kniːf/"
}
],
"word": "cnif"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cnif meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.