See closen on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative",
"pos1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "close (adjective) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From close (adjective) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "closens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "closening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "closened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "closened",
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"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
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"name": "en-verb"
}
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"pos": "verb",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, James Chapman, Cinemas of the World: Film and Society from 1895 to the Present:",
"text": "Warner Bros. was unusual in not closening its ties with Wall Street during the early 1930s.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, David Denis Aldridge, Admiral Sir John Norris and the British Naval Expeditions to the Baltic Sea 1715-1727:",
"text": "As for George I, the failure of his effort to closen with the Czar through Norris's intermediation brought the king-elector, at least in Genzel's view, to think in terms of ‘ein grossen europäischen Abwehrfront’, which would have owed more than a little to Bernstorff's own ‘Project’.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Peter James, Twilight:",
"text": "Since her mother had moved their relationship with each other had closened, as if they had become the side of the family that was flawed and her father and Dara were Mr and Miss Perfect.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or become close."
],
"id": "en-closen-en-verb-lKaUfTwy",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or become close."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "transitive",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bliżyć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intransitive",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bliżyć się"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "klōʹsən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʊsən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkloʊsən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "closen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "closen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "glosen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghlosen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chlosen",
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"error-unrecognized-form"
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],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
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"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"word": "cloen"
}
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],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cloen"
],
"id": "en-closen-cy-verb-5-nrT63~",
"links": [
[
"cloen",
"cloen#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɔsɛn/"
}
],
"word": "closen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close",
"3": "en",
"id2": "inchoative",
"pos1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "close (adjective) + -en",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From close (adjective) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "closens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "closening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "closened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "closened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "closen (third-person singular simple present closens, present participle closening, simple past and past participle closened)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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"English transitive verbs",
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"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
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],
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{
"ref": "2004, James Chapman, Cinemas of the World: Film and Society from 1895 to the Present:",
"text": "Warner Bros. was unusual in not closening its ties with Wall Street during the early 1930s.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, David Denis Aldridge, Admiral Sir John Norris and the British Naval Expeditions to the Baltic Sea 1715-1727:",
"text": "As for George I, the failure of his effort to closen with the Czar through Norris's intermediation brought the king-elector, at least in Genzel's view, to think in terms of ‘ein grossen europäischen Abwehrfront’, which would have owed more than a little to Bernstorff's own ‘Project’.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Peter James, Twilight:",
"text": "Since her mother had moved their relationship with each other had closened, as if they had become the side of the family that was flawed and her father and Dara were Mr and Miss Perfect.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or become close."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"close",
"close"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or become close."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "klōʹsən",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkləʊsən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkloʊsən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "transitive",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bliżyć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intransitive",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bliżyć się"
}
],
"word": "closen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "closen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "glosen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghlosen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chlosen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "closen",
"name": "cy-verb form"
}
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{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cloen"
}
],
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"Pages with entries",
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"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh verb forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cloen"
],
"links": [
[
"cloen",
"cloen#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklɔsɛn/"
}
],
"word": "closen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for closen meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: closen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"closen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "closen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: closen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"closen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "closen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: closen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"closen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "closen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.