See chytrość on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chytrość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chytrość"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: chytrość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: chytrość"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xytrostь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xytrostь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xytrostь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xytrostь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "chytry",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, chytry + -ość",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xytrostь. By surface analysis, chytry + -ość. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chytrość f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 22 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:",
"text": "Chitroszczamy astuciis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
63
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 304:",
"text": "Potrzeboual[a] rosmaitego sdracze, wielkego chittrcza chitroscz, sklamalaby depoposcerat multiformis proditoris ars, ut artem falleret",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
54
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 45:",
"text": "Kv zathworzenyv gygraczom kostek sloscziwey chytrosczy... vstawyamy, aby nygeden... zyemyenyn nasz z czvdzozemeczem... kostek nye gygral",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 76:",
"text": "Chitrosczy a lsczywosczy przewrothnych lvdzy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
180,
190
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 33:",
"text": "Ale ysze taczy zlosnyczy kv odpyranyv swey zlosczy wząly sobye w obyczay myeszkacz w myesczech abo we wsyach, gdzesz to by syą nyemyeczskym prawem odpyraly, a tako cząstokrocz swą chytrosczą od smyerczy wychodzą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
19
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 36:",
"text": "[I]sze chytroscz[ą] kosteczna, slyachtą myedzy sobą spywszy syą, geden drvgemv na kosthkach na zaklad pyenyadzy dawa a zasyą zyskvge",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 53:",
"text": "Chitrosczamy astuciis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
83
]
],
"ref": "1908 [1474], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume VIII, pages 2, 30:",
"text": "Jako ya s Marczynem, Pyothrem... zadnym *duchem zazzenym any smova, any chytroszcza na schkoda Szwyanthczina nye zaprzaly any zatagyly przyvyleya korzennego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
65
]
],
"ref": "1440, rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza z rękopisu znajdującego się w zbiorach Biblioteki Klasztornej oo. Paulinów na Jasnej Górze pod sygn. II 25 z r. 1444, page 77v:",
"text": "Dolus... est [es] calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie chytroscz et pertinet ad mercatores... Quia mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium eis et hoc modo vlg. potest dici llszywoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
63
]
],
"ref": "1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 59r:",
"text": "Dolus... est calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie *cchitroszcz et pertinet ad *marcatores... Quia *marcatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuntur precium eis et hoc modo potest dici lesczyvoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
60
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 3297, z r. 1476, page 69v:",
"text": "Dolus... est calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie chytroscz et pertinet ad mercatores... Qui mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium rei et hoc modo potest dici lsczyvoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
62
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 1630, page 53v:",
"text": "Dolus... est caliditas mentis vel astvcia et proprie chitroscz et pertinet ad *marcatores... quia mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium rei hoc modo vlg. potest dici licznoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
15
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski II, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.XVI.12, page 9:",
"text": "Dolus chitroscz lsciuoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
30
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 15r:",
"text": "Astutia arglistikeyt chytroscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 103:",
"text": "Bez chytrość Antypatrową lepak synowie Herodowi... byli podeźrani ojcu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 165:",
"text": "Przez chytrość djabła ninie jest jęt rodzaj człowieczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
87
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 167:",
"text": "Djabeł ni ma we mnie ni jednej mocy, wszakoż będzie przeciw mie ukazować swoję chytrość",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
49
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 168:",
"text": "Pokusami swemi będzie mię kusić a jego chytrością przyprawi mię ku śmierci",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
53
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 677:",
"text": "Spytał jego o uczennikoch... Ale to mówił na chytrość, jakoby chcąc ji karać o wymyślanie nowych rzeczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
40
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 139:",
"text": "Owa ten nas chce skazić swoją chytrością czarnoksięską",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
50
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 139:",
"text": "Zaprawdę nie jest to igra dziecięcia, ale chytrość czarnoksięska albo chytrego djabła",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
48
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 140:",
"text": "Snadzieś nawykł nauką czarnoksięską i chytrością",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cunning, slyness"
],
"id": "en-chytrość-zlw-opl-noun-5W2wPAQ1",
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"slyness",
"slyness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) cunning, slyness"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Borderlands Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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0,
11
]
],
"ref": "1450, rkps Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. KP 224., Uście Solne, Lviv:",
"text": "Cchitroszcz, lesczyvoscz dolus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
291,
303
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 15:",
"text": "Przydawa syą..., ysze dworzanye... albo gynszy, ktorzykole... przed sądzą naszego pozywayącz, chytrze a rozmagite szaloby wymyslayą dla vcząszenyą strony a potąpyenya: przeto... vstawiamy, aby... czy, ktore pozową..., dobre a dluge ymyeli rozmyslenye na odpowiadanye przed sadem, aby takymy chytrosczamy abo chytrzymy szalobamy nye byli przechytrzeny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
21
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 15:",
"text": "Dla ktorey chytrosczy chczem, aby odtychmyast nasze vbostwo nye zdradzono, ale ktori gedno tho sluszebnyk vczyny, tedi gemv licze ma bycz przezszono",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
88
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 50:",
"text": "O pozwanyv nyerzadnem... Aczby naszy dworzanye... pozwany... nyenawysczyą abo chitrosczą, tedy nye mayą odpowiedacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "Chitroscz lsciuoscz dolus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trick, deceit"
],
"id": "en-chytrość-zlw-opl-noun-Lh-8GaEy",
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands; attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands) trick, deceit"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 17 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
64
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 48, 3:",
"text": "Vsta moia molwicz bødø mødroscz, a mislene sercza mego chitroscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
16
]
],
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 87:",
"text": "Przes chitrosczy iners",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 333:",
"text": "Chitroscz tam subtilis responsio",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 66:",
"text": "Chitrosczy a. opatrnosczy astucia",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV med.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Kurów (Bochnia), page 73:",
"text": "Chitroszcy versucias",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 75:",
"text": "Chitrosczy versucias",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prudence; foresight"
],
"id": "en-chytrość-zlw-opl-noun-LVa4YGw2",
"links": [
[
"prudence",
"prudence"
],
[
"foresight",
"foresight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) prudence; foresight"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xiːtrɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xitrɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chytrość"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "pl:Personality",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chytrość",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chytrość",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chytrość",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chytry",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, chytry + -ość",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chytrość. By surface analysis, chytry + -ość.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrość",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrość",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrością",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chytrość f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chy‧trość"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cunning, slyness, craftiness, guile"
],
"id": "en-chytrość-pl-noun-o-81yAag",
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"slyness",
"slyness"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"guile",
"guile"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cwaniactwo"
},
{
"word": "podstępność"
},
{
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"word": "spryt"
},
{
"word": "obrotność"
},
{
"word": "filuteria"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 11 28 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"greed, avarice"
],
"id": "en-chytrość-pl-noun-07HwREqD",
"links": [
[
"greed",
"greed"
],
[
"avarice",
"avarice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chciwość"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɘ.trɔɕt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɘ.trɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘtrɔɕt͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "chytrość"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Personality",
"zlw-opl:Personality"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chytrość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chytrość"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: chytrość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: chytrość"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xytrostь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xytrostь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xytrostь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xytrostь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "chytry",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, chytry + -ość",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xytrostь. By surface analysis, chytry + -ość. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chytrość f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:",
"text": "Chitroszczamy astuciis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
54,
63
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 304:",
"text": "Potrzeboual[a] rosmaitego sdracze, wielkego chittrcza chitroscz, sklamalaby depoposcerat multiformis proditoris ars, ut artem falleret",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
44,
54
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 45:",
"text": "Kv zathworzenyv gygraczom kostek sloscziwey chytrosczy... vstawyamy, aby nygeden... zyemyenyn nasz z czvdzozemeczem... kostek nye gygral",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 76:",
"text": "Chitrosczy a lsczywosczy przewrothnych lvdzy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
180,
190
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 33:",
"text": "Ale ysze taczy zlosnyczy kv odpyranyv swey zlosczy wząly sobye w obyczay myeszkacz w myesczech abo we wsyach, gdzesz to by syą nyemyeczskym prawem odpyraly, a tako cząstokrocz swą chytrosczą od smyerczy wychodzą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
19
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 36:",
"text": "[I]sze chytroscz[ą] kosteczna, slyachtą myedzy sobą spywszy syą, geden drvgemv na kosthkach na zaklad pyenyadzy dawa a zasyą zyskvge",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 53:",
"text": "Chitrosczamy astuciis",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
83
]
],
"ref": "1908 [1474], Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego, volume VIII, pages 2, 30:",
"text": "Jako ya s Marczynem, Pyothrem... zadnym *duchem zazzenym any smova, any chytroszcza na schkoda Szwyanthczina nye zaprzaly any zatagyly przyvyleya korzennego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
65
]
],
"ref": "1440, rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza z rękopisu znajdującego się w zbiorach Biblioteki Klasztornej oo. Paulinów na Jasnej Górze pod sygn. II 25 z r. 1444, page 77v:",
"text": "Dolus... est [es] calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie chytroscz et pertinet ad mercatores... Quia mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium eis et hoc modo vlg. potest dici llszywoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
63
]
],
"ref": "1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 59r:",
"text": "Dolus... est calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie *cchitroszcz et pertinet ad *marcatores... Quia *marcatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuntur precium eis et hoc modo potest dici lesczyvoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
60
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 3297, z r. 1476, page 69v:",
"text": "Dolus... est calliditas mentis uel astucia proprie chytroscz et pertinet ad mercatores... Qui mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium rei et hoc modo potest dici lsczyvoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
53,
62
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty - glosy z rozariusza w rękopisie Biblioteki Zakładu Narodowego im. Ossolińskich we Lwowie, obecnie we Wrocławiu, o sygn. 1630, page 53v:",
"text": "Dolus... est caliditas mentis vel astvcia et proprie chitroscz et pertinet ad *marcatores... quia mercatores dolando id est ornando verba sua minuunt precium rei hoc modo vlg. potest dici licznoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
15
]
],
"ref": "XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski II, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.F.ch.XVI.12, page 9:",
"text": "Dolus chitroscz lsciuoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
30
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 15r:",
"text": "Astutia arglistikeyt chytroscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 103:",
"text": "Bez chytrość Antypatrową lepak synowie Herodowi... byli podeźrani ojcu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 165:",
"text": "Przez chytrość djabła ninie jest jęt rodzaj człowieczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
87
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 167:",
"text": "Djabeł ni ma we mnie ni jednej mocy, wszakoż będzie przeciw mie ukazować swoję chytrość",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
39,
49
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 168:",
"text": "Pokusami swemi będzie mię kusić a jego chytrością przyprawi mię ku śmierci",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
53
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 677:",
"text": "Spytał jego o uczennikoch... Ale to mówił na chytrość, jakoby chcąc ji karać o wymyślanie nowych rzeczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
40
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 139:",
"text": "Owa ten nas chce skazić swoją chytrością czarnoksięską",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
42,
50
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 139:",
"text": "Zaprawdę nie jest to igra dziecięcia, ale chytrość czarnoksięska albo chytrego djabła",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
48
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 140:",
"text": "Snadzieś nawykł nauką czarnoksięską i chytrością",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cunning, slyness"
],
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"slyness",
"slyness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) cunning, slyness"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Southern Borderlands Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
11
]
],
"ref": "1450, rkps Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. KP 224., Uście Solne, Lviv:",
"text": "Cchitroszcz, lesczyvoscz dolus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
291,
303
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 15:",
"text": "Przydawa syą..., ysze dworzanye... albo gynszy, ktorzykole... przed sądzą naszego pozywayącz, chytrze a rozmagite szaloby wymyslayą dla vcząszenyą strony a potąpyenya: przeto... vstawiamy, aby... czy, ktore pozową..., dobre a dluge ymyeli rozmyslenye na odpowiadanye przed sadem, aby takymy chytrosczamy abo chytrzymy szalobamy nye byli przechytrzeny",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
21
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 15:",
"text": "Dla ktorey chytrosczy chczem, aby odtychmyast nasze vbostwo nye zdradzono, ale ktori gedno tho sluszebnyk vczyny, tedi gemv licze ma bycz przezszono",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
88
]
],
"ref": "1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I, Lesser Poland, page 50:",
"text": "O pozwanyv nyerzadnem... Aczby naszy dworzanye... pozwany... nyenawysczyą abo chitrosczą, tedy nye mayą odpowiedacz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 9:",
"text": "Chitroscz lsciuoscz dolus",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trick, deceit"
],
"links": [
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"deceit",
"deceit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands; attested in Lesser Poland; Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands) trick, deceit"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
64
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 48, 3:",
"text": "Vsta moia molwicz bødø mødroscz, a mislene sercza mego chitroscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
16
]
],
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 87:",
"text": "Przes chitrosczy iners",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. pr.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXII, page 333:",
"text": "Chitroscz tam subtilis responsio",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 66:",
"text": "Chitrosczy a. opatrnosczy astucia",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV med.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Kurów (Bochnia), page 73:",
"text": "Chitroszcy versucias",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 75:",
"text": "Chitrosczy versucias",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prudence; foresight"
],
"links": [
[
"prudence",
"prudence"
],
[
"foresight",
"foresight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) prudence; foresight"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xiːtrɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xitrɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chytrość"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘtrɔɕt͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘtrɔɕt͡ɕ/2 syllables",
"pl:Personality"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"3": "chytrość",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish chytrość",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "chytrość"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish chytrość",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chytry",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, chytry + -ość",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish chytrość. By surface analysis, chytry + -ość.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrość",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrość",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrością",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chytrości",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chytrość f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chy‧trość"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cunning, slyness, craftiness, guile"
],
"links": [
[
"cunning",
"cunning"
],
[
"slyness",
"slyness"
],
[
"craftiness",
"craftiness"
],
[
"guile",
"guile"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cwaniactwo"
},
{
"word": "podstępność"
},
{
"word": "przebiegłość"
},
{
"word": "spryt"
},
{
"word": "obrotność"
},
{
"word": "filuteria"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"greed, avarice"
],
"links": [
[
"greed",
"greed"
],
[
"avarice",
"avarice"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chciwość"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɘ.trɔɕt͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɘ.trɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "Lasovia"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘtrɔɕt͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "chytrość"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chytrość meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (a4e883e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.