See chirm on Wiktionary
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}
],
"text": "English: chirm, churm; charm, jarm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chirm",
"3": "churme"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chirm, churme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chirm, churme"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċierm",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English ċierm f",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċierm",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English ċierm f",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*karmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karmiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*karm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *karm",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English ċierm f, from Proto-West Germanic *karmi, from Proto-Germanic *karmiz.\nThe variant charme can either originate from the Old English variant ċearm m (from Proto-West Germanic *karm) or *ċerm, the unattested Mercian cognate of West Saxon ċierm with late Middle English lowering of /ɛr/ to /ar/ (thus reflecting an alternative dialectal development of *karmi).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "charme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cherme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chirme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "chirm",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chirmen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English rare terms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animal sounds"
],
"glosses": [
"A chirp or tweet; an avian vocalisation."
],
"links": [
[
"chirp",
"chirp"
],
[
"tweet",
"tweet"
],
[
"avian",
"avian"
],
[
"vocalisation",
"vocalisation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A chirp or tweet; an avian vocalisation."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃirm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɛrm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃarm/",
"note": "directly attested"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃurm/",
"tags": [
"possibly"
]
}
],
"word": "chirm"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chirm meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.