"chữ cứng" meaning in All languages combined

See chữ cứng on Wiktionary

Noun [Vietnamese]

IPA: [t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ kɨŋ˧˦] [Hà-Nội], [t͡ɕɨ˧˨ kɨŋ˦˧˥] [Huế], [cɨ˨˩˦ kɨŋ˦˥] [Hồ-Chí-Minh-City]
Etymology: chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”). Possibly a calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana), with reinterpretation of 片 (kata) as if it is from 固い (katai, “hard”). Etymology templates: {{com|vi|chữ|cứng|t1=character|t2=hard}} chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”), {{cal|vi|ja|片仮名|nocap=y|tr=katakana}} calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana) Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} chữ cứng, {{vi-noun}} chữ cứng
  1. katakana Categories (topical): Writing systems Related terms: chữ mềm
    Sense id: en-chữ_cứng-vi-noun-8ljcPso8 Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese nouns without classifiers

Download JSON data for chữ cứng meaning in All languages combined (1.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "chữ",
        "3": "cứng",
        "t1": "character",
        "t2": "hard"
      },
      "expansion": "chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”)",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "ja",
        "3": "片仮名",
        "nocap": "y",
        "tr": "katakana"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”). Possibly a calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana), with reinterpretation of 片 (kata) as if it is from 固い (katai, “hard”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "chữ cứng",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "chữ cứng",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Writing systems",
          "orig": "vi:Writing systems",
          "parents": [
            "Writing",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "katakana"
      ],
      "id": "en-chữ_cứng-vi-noun-8ljcPso8",
      "links": [
        [
          "katakana",
          "katakana"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "chữ mềm"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ kɨŋ˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˧˨ kɨŋ˦˧˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[cɨ˨˩˦ kɨŋ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "chữ cứng"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "chữ",
        "3": "cứng",
        "t1": "character",
        "t2": "hard"
      },
      "expansion": "chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”)",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "ja",
        "3": "片仮名",
        "nocap": "y",
        "tr": "katakana"
      },
      "expansion": "calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana)",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "chữ (“character”) + cứng (“hard”). Possibly a calque of Japanese 片仮名 (katakana), with reinterpretation of 片 (kata) as if it is from 固い (katai, “hard”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "chữ cứng",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "chữ cứng",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "chữ mềm"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese compound terms",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
        "Vietnamese terms calqued from Japanese",
        "Vietnamese terms derived from Japanese",
        "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "vi:Writing systems"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "katakana"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "katakana",
          "katakana"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˦ˀ˥ kɨŋ˧˦]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ɕɨ˧˨ kɨŋ˦˧˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[cɨ˨˩˦ kɨŋ˦˥]",
      "tags": [
        "Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "chữ cứng"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.