See cải on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "vi",
"3": "cái"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Vietnamese cái",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Vietnamese cái.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𱘽",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"tr": "𱘽"
},
"expansion": "cải (𱘽)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𱘽"
},
"expansion": "cải (𱘽)",
"name": "tyz-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 41 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cải cộp"
},
{
"word": "cải kếch"
},
{
"word": "cải luông"
},
{
"word": "lồm cải"
},
{
"word": "phôn cải"
},
{
"word": "ta̱i cải"
},
{
"word": "đi cải"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "adult (literally, “large person”)",
"text": "cần cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have high positions (literally, “to do big”)",
"text": "hết cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "self-confident (literally, “to be at the big”)",
"text": "dú cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "main road",
"text": "tàng cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wide paddy fields",
"text": "nà cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The tree is clearly large.",
"text": "Mạy chắn cải.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Take the big one and discard the small one.",
"text": "Âu ăn cải, tả ăn ỉ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"big; large; wide; main"
],
"id": "en-cải-tyz-adj-TiVCc~Lj",
"links": [
[
"big",
"big"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"wide",
"wide"
],
[
"main",
"main"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˦]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "芥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "芥//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">giới</i>",
"t": "mustard",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "芥",
"2": "mustard",
"3": "giới",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*kaːs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kaːs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "cái"
},
"expansion": "Muong cái",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thavung",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới).\nFrom Proto-Vietic *kaːs, borrowed from a post-Old Chinese form. Cognate with Muong cái and Thavung kajh¹.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "củ",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "củ"
},
"expansion": "(classifier củ) cải",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 55 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by củ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Brassicas",
"orig": "vi:Brassicas",
"parents": [
"Crucifers",
"Brassicales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "vi:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "báo lá cải"
},
{
"word": "bắp cải"
},
{
"word": "bông cải trắng"
},
{
"word": "bông cải xanh"
},
{
"word": "cải bắp"
},
{
"word": "cải bẹ"
},
{
"word": "cải củ"
},
{
"word": "cải dầu"
},
{
"word": "cải làn"
},
{
"word": "cải rổ"
},
{
"word": "cải thảo"
},
{
"word": "cải thìa"
},
{
"word": "cải xoăn"
},
{
"word": "cải xoong"
},
{
"word": "củ cải"
},
{
"word": "rau cải"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cruciferous vegetables (Brassica): coles, mustards, cabbages, radishes, etc."
],
"id": "en-cải-vi-noun-v0ltyUMx",
"links": [
[
"cruciferous",
"cruciferous"
],
[
"vegetable",
"vegetable"
],
[
"Brassica",
"Brassica#Translingual"
],
[
"cole",
"cole"
],
[
"mustard",
"mustard"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"radish",
"radish"
],
[
"etc.",
"etc."
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɨə˧˨˦]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"homophone": "cãi stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "改"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "改"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 改",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 改.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "arrange",
"word": "cải biên"
},
{
"english": "a form of folk musical theater from southern Vietnam",
"word": "cải lương"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to change, to alter"
],
"id": "en-cải-vi-verb-RDRDpUcw",
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɨə˧˨˦]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"homophone": "cãi stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"vi:Brassicas",
"vi:Vegetables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cải cộp"
},
{
"word": "cải kếch"
},
{
"word": "cải luông"
},
{
"word": "lồm cải"
},
{
"word": "phôn cải"
},
{
"word": "ta̱i cải"
},
{
"word": "đi cải"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "vi",
"3": "cái"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Vietnamese cái",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Vietnamese cái.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𱘽",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyz",
"2": "adjective",
"head": "",
"tr": "𱘽"
},
"expansion": "cải (𱘽)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𱘽"
},
"expansion": "cải (𱘽)",
"name": "tyz-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Tày",
"lang_code": "tyz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tày adjectives",
"Tày entries with incorrect language header",
"Tày lemmas",
"Tày terms borrowed from Vietnamese",
"Tày terms derived from Vietnamese",
"Tày terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tày terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "adult (literally, “large person”)",
"text": "cần cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to have high positions (literally, “to do big”)",
"text": "hết cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "self-confident (literally, “to be at the big”)",
"text": "dú cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "main road",
"text": "tàng cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wide paddy fields",
"text": "nà cải",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The tree is clearly large.",
"text": "Mạy chắn cải.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Take the big one and discard the small one.",
"text": "Âu ăn cải, tả ăn ỉ.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"big; large; wide; main"
],
"links": [
[
"big",
"big"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"wide",
"wide"
],
[
"main",
"main"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˧]",
"note": "Thạch An – Tràng Định"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˦]",
"note": "Trùng Khánh"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by củ",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with homophones",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Brassicas",
"vi:Vegetables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "báo lá cải"
},
{
"word": "bắp cải"
},
{
"word": "bông cải trắng"
},
{
"word": "bông cải xanh"
},
{
"word": "cải bắp"
},
{
"word": "cải bẹ"
},
{
"word": "cải củ"
},
{
"word": "cải dầu"
},
{
"word": "cải làn"
},
{
"word": "cải rổ"
},
{
"word": "cải thảo"
},
{
"word": "cải thìa"
},
{
"word": "cải xoăn"
},
{
"word": "cải xoong"
},
{
"word": "củ cải"
},
{
"word": "rau cải"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "芥"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "芥//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">giới</i>",
"t": "mustard",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "芥",
"2": "mustard",
"3": "giới",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*kaːs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kaːs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mtq",
"2": "cái"
},
"expansion": "Muong cái",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thm",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thavung",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 芥 (“mustard”, SV: giới).\nFrom Proto-Vietic *kaːs, borrowed from a post-Old Chinese form. Cognate with Muong cái and Thavung kajh¹.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "củ",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "củ"
},
"expansion": "(classifier củ) cải",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cruciferous vegetables (Brassica): coles, mustards, cabbages, radishes, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"cruciferous",
"cruciferous"
],
[
"vegetable",
"vegetable"
],
[
"Brassica",
"Brassica#Translingual"
],
[
"cole",
"cole"
],
[
"mustard",
"mustard"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"radish",
"radish"
],
[
"etc.",
"etc."
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɨə˧˨˦]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"homophone": "cãi stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sino-Vietnamese words",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese terms with homophones",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Brassicas",
"vi:Vegetables"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "arrange",
"word": "cải biên"
},
{
"english": "a form of folk musical theater from southern Vietnam",
"word": "cải lương"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "改"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "改"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 改",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 改.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cải",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to change, to alter"
],
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"alter",
"alter"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːj˨˩˦]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɨə˧˨˦]",
"note": "Quảng Nam"
},
{
"homophone": "cãi stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"word": "cải"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cải meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.