"brouiller" meaning in All languages combined

See brouiller on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /bʁu.je/ Audio: Fr-brouiller.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French brouiller, from Old French brouiller, from Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre, from *brodicāre (compare Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”)), from Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”), from Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”). More at English broth, broil. Etymology templates: {{root|fr|ine-pro|*bʰrewh₁-}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|brouiller|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French brouiller, {{inh+|fr|frm|brouiller}} Inherited from Middle French brouiller, {{inh|fr|fro|brouiller}} Old French brouiller, {{der|fr|VL.|*brodiculāre}} Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre, {{m|la|*brodicāre}} *brodicāre, {{cog|lmo|brodigar|t=to soil, pollute}} Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”), {{der|fr|LL.|brodium|t=broth, stew, mixture}} Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”), {{der|fr|gem-pro|*bruþą|t=stock, broth}} Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”), {{cog|en|broth}} English broth, {{m|en|broil}} broil Head templates: {{fr-verb}} brouiller Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], brouiller [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], brouillant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], brouillé [participle, past], brouille [first-person, indicative, present, singular], brouilles [indicative, present, second-person, singular], brouille [indicative, present, singular, third-person], brouillons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], brouillez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], brouillent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], brouillais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], brouillais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], brouillait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], brouillions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], brouilliez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], brouillaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], brouillai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], brouillas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], brouilla [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], brouillâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], brouillâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], brouillèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], brouillerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], brouilleras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], brouillera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], brouillerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], brouillerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], brouilleront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], brouillerais [conditional, first-person, singular], brouillerais [conditional, second-person, singular], brouillerait [conditional, singular, third-person], brouillerions [conditional, first-person, plural], brouilleriez [conditional, plural, second-person], brouilleraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], brouille [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], brouilles [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], brouille [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], brouillions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], brouilliez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], brouillent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], brouillasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], brouillasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], brouillât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], brouillassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], brouillassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], brouillassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], brouille [imperative, second-person, singular], brouillons [first-person, imperative, plural], brouillez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to blur
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-gr7pcaym Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19
  2. to mix up, confuse Categories (topical): Cooking
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-e8DG5Ovb Disambiguation of Cooking: 10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16 Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19
  3. to scramble (an egg)
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-vx1xuzZG
  4. to set at odds, put (someone) off (something)
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-GOwlKgR7
  5. to jam (a transmission), to scramble (a message)
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-5eC-JvXv
  6. (reflexive) to become blurred, get mixed up Tags: reflexive Categories (topical): Cooking
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-GTQzOHwn Disambiguation of Cooking: 10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16
  7. (reflexive, ~ avec) to fall out Tags: reflexive Categories (topical): Cooking
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-iZSQP5Dy Disambiguation of Cooking: 10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16 Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19
  8. (reflexive, meteorology) to cloud over Tags: reflexive Categories (topical): Meteorology, Cooking
    Sense id: en-brouiller-fr-verb-dTn77IWv Disambiguation of Cooking: 10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16 Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 4 3 3 26 3 23 3 36 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19 Topics: climatology, meteorology, natural-sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: brouillard
Derived forms: brouillable, brouillage, brouille, brouiller les cartes, brouiller les pistes, brouillon, débrouille, débrouiller, embrouille, embrouiller, œufs brouillés

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for brouiller meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouillable"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouillage"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouille"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouiller les cartes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouiller les pistes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouillon"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "débrouille"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "débrouiller"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "embrouille"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "embrouiller"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "œufs brouillés"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "bruia",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: bruia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: bruia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "brouiller",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French brouiller",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French brouiller",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French brouiller",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*brodiculāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*brodicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*brodicāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lmo",
        "2": "brodigar",
        "t": "to soil, pollute"
      },
      "expansion": "Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "brodium",
        "t": "broth, stew, mixture"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bruþą",
        "t": "stock, broth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "broth"
      },
      "expansion": "English broth",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "broil"
      },
      "expansion": "broil",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French brouiller, from Old French brouiller, from Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre, from *brodicāre (compare Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”)), from Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”), from Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”). More at English broth, broil.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouiller",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillant",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillé",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilles",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillons",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillent",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillais",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillais",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillait",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillions",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilliez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillaient",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillai",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillas",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilla",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillâmes",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillâtes",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillèrent",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerai",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleras",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillera",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerons",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleront",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerais",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerais",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerait",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerions",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleriez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleraient",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilles",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillions",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilliez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillent",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillasse",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillasses",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillât",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassions",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassiez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassent",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillons",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "brouiller",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brouillard"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to blur"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-gr7pcaym",
      "links": [
        [
          "blur",
          "blur"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "fr:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mix up, confuse"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-e8DG5Ovb",
      "links": [
        [
          "mix up",
          "mix up"
        ],
        [
          "confuse",
          "confuse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scramble (an egg)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-vx1xuzZG",
      "links": [
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to set at odds, put (someone) off (something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-GOwlKgR7",
      "links": [
        [
          "at odds",
          "at odds"
        ],
        [
          "put (someone) off (something)",
          "put off"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to jam (a transmission), to scramble (a message)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-5eC-JvXv",
      "links": [
        [
          "jam",
          "jam"
        ],
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "fr:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become blurred, get mixed up"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-GTQzOHwn",
      "links": [
        [
          "blurred",
          "blurred"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to become blurred, get mixed up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "fr:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fall out"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-iZSQP5Dy",
      "links": [
        [
          "fall out",
          "fall out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, ~ avec) to fall out"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "~ avec"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Meteorology",
          "orig": "fr:Meteorology",
          "parents": [
            "Atmosphere",
            "Earth sciences",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 3 3 26 3 23 3 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 16 8 8 9 10 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 18 10 7 8 11 20 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "fr:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cloud over"
      ],
      "id": "en-brouiller-fr-verb-dTn77IWv",
      "links": [
        [
          "meteorology",
          "meteorology"
        ],
        [
          "cloud over",
          "cloud over"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, meteorology) to cloud over"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "meteorology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-brouiller.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/Fr-brouiller.ogg/Fr-brouiller.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Fr-brouiller.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brouiller"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁-",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "fr:Cooking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "brouillable"
    },
    {
      "word": "brouillage"
    },
    {
      "word": "brouille"
    },
    {
      "word": "brouiller les cartes"
    },
    {
      "word": "brouiller les pistes"
    },
    {
      "word": "brouillon"
    },
    {
      "word": "débrouille"
    },
    {
      "word": "débrouiller"
    },
    {
      "word": "embrouille"
    },
    {
      "word": "embrouiller"
    },
    {
      "word": "œufs brouillés"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "bruia",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romanian: bruia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romanian: bruia"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "brouiller",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French brouiller",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French brouiller",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "brouiller"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French brouiller",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*brodiculāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*brodicāre"
      },
      "expansion": "*brodicāre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lmo",
        "2": "brodigar",
        "t": "to soil, pollute"
      },
      "expansion": "Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "brodium",
        "t": "broth, stew, mixture"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bruþą",
        "t": "stock, broth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "broth"
      },
      "expansion": "English broth",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "broil"
      },
      "expansion": "broil",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French brouiller, from Old French brouiller, from Vulgar Latin *brodiculāre, from *brodicāre (compare Lombard brodigar (“to soil, pollute”)), from Late Latin brodium (“broth, stew, mixture”), from Proto-Germanic *bruþą (“stock, broth”). More at English broth, broil.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouiller",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillant",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillé",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilles",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillons",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillent",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillais",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillais",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillait",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillions",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilliez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillaient",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillai",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillas",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilla",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillâmes",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillâtes",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillèrent",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerai",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleras",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillera",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerons",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleront",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerais",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerais",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerait",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillerions",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleriez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilleraient",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilles",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillions",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouilliez",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillent",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillasse",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillasses",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillât",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassions",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassiez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillassent",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouille",
      "ipa": "/bʁuj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillons",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brouillez",
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "brouiller",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "brouillard"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to blur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blur",
          "blur"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to mix up, confuse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mix up",
          "mix up"
        ],
        [
          "confuse",
          "confuse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to scramble (an egg)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to set at odds, put (someone) off (something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "at odds",
          "at odds"
        ],
        [
          "put (someone) off (something)",
          "put off"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to jam (a transmission), to scramble (a message)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jam",
          "jam"
        ],
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become blurred, get mixed up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "blurred",
          "blurred"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to become blurred, get mixed up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fall out"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fall out",
          "fall out"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, ~ avec) to fall out"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "~ avec"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs",
        "fr:Meteorology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cloud over"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "meteorology",
          "meteorology"
        ],
        [
          "cloud over",
          "cloud over"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, meteorology) to cloud over"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "climatology",
        "meteorology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bʁu.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-brouiller.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/Fr-brouiller.ogg/Fr-brouiller.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Fr-brouiller.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brouiller"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.