"breutaną" meaning in All languages combined

See breutaną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈbreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Related to, perhaps via back-formation, to *brutōną (“to bud”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), which Kroonen compares to Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”). Others have compared the word to Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”), Old English brȳsan (“to break”), Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”). Whether the intransitive counterpart *breuþaną is related is unclear. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰrewd-|t=to bud}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), {{cog|la|frōns|t=foliage, leaves}} Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”), {{cog|orv|бръснути||rake}} Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”), {{cog|ang|brȳsan||to break}} Old English brȳsan (“to break”), {{cog|la|frustum||piece, crumb}} Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st|breut|braut|brut|brut|class=2}} Forms: strong [table-tags], breutō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], breutaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], breutai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], briutizi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], breutaiz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], breut [active, imperative, second-person, singular], breutazai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], breutaizau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], briutidi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], breutai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], breutadau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], breutadai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], breutaidau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], breutōz [active, dual, first-person, indicative], breutaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], breutadiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], breutaidiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], breutadiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], breutamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], breutaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], breutandai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], breutaindau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], briutid [active, indicative, plural, second-person], breutaid [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], briutid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], breutandai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], breutaindau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], breutandi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], breutain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], breutandau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], breutandai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], breutaindau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], braut [active, first-person, indicative, singular], brutį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], braust [active, indicative, second-person, singular], brutīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], braut [active, indicative, singular, third-person], brutī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], brutū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], brutīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], brutudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], brutīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], brutum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], brutīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], brutud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], brutīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], brutun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], brutīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], breutandz [active, participle, present], brutanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to destroy, crush, break Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Related terms: brautaną, brautijaną, brutōną
    Sense id: en-breutaną-gem-pro-verb-OI91moSW Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*breutan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *breutan\nOld English: brēotan\nMiddle English: breten\nOld High German: *briozan\nMiddle High German: briezen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *breutan\nOld English: brēotan\nMiddle English: breten\nOld High German: *briozan\nMiddle High German: briezen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ",
            "3": "ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ",
            "ts1": "bᵃriutiþ",
            "ts2": "bᵃrȳtʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ (bᴀrutʀ /⁠bᵃrȳtʀ⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ (bᴀrutʀ /⁠bᵃrȳtʀ⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "brjóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: brjóta, ᛒᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁ (briuti) — Runic form, 3rd singular present subjunctive\nIcelandic: brjóta\nFaroese: bróta\nNorwegian Nynorsk: brjota, bryta\nJamtish: brǿte\nElfdalian: briuota\nOld Swedish: brȳta\nSwedish: bryta\nOld Danish: brȳtæ\nDanish: bryde\nNorwegian Bokmål: bryte\nScanian: brýda\nGutnish: braute",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: brjóta, ᛒᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁ (briuti) — Runic form, 3rd singular present subjunctive\nIcelandic: brjóta\nFaroese: bróta\nNorwegian Nynorsk: brjota, bryta\nJamtish: brǿte\nElfdalian: briuota\nOld Swedish: brȳta\nSwedish: bryta\nOld Danish: brȳtæ\nDanish: bryde\nNorwegian Bokmål: bryte\nScanian: brýda\nGutnish: braute"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*briutan)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "based on evidence from loanwords"
          },
          "expansion": "(based on evidence from loanwords)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Suevic or Gothic: *𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*briutan) (based on evidence from loanwords)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "britar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: britar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: britar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "britar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: britar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: britar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewd-",
        "t": "to bud"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frōns",
        "t": "foliage, leaves"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "бръснути",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brȳsan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to break"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brȳsan (“to break”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frustum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "piece, crumb"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Related to, perhaps via back-formation, to *brutōną (“to bud”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), which Kroonen compares to Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”). Others have compared the word to Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”), Old English brȳsan (“to break”), Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”).\nWhether the intransitive counterpart *breuþaną is related is unclear.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braust",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "breut",
        "2": "braut",
        "3": "brut",
        "4": "brut",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/breutaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to destroy, crush, break"
      ],
      "id": "en-breutaną-gem-pro-verb-OI91moSW",
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "crush",
          "crush"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "brautaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "brautijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "brutōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "breutaną"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*breutan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *breutan\nOld English: brēotan\nMiddle English: breten\nOld High German: *briozan\nMiddle High German: briezen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *breutan\nOld English: brēotan\nMiddle English: breten\nOld High German: *briozan\nMiddle High German: briezen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ",
            "3": "ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ",
            "ts1": "bᵃriutiþ",
            "ts2": "bᵃrȳtʀ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ (bᴀrutʀ /⁠bᵃrȳtʀ⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᛒᛡᚱᚢᛏᛉ (bᴀrutʀ /⁠bᵃrȳtʀ⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "brjóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: brjóta, ᛒᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁ (briuti) — Runic form, 3rd singular present subjunctive\nIcelandic: brjóta\nFaroese: bróta\nNorwegian Nynorsk: brjota, bryta\nJamtish: brǿte\nElfdalian: briuota\nOld Swedish: brȳta\nSwedish: bryta\nOld Danish: brȳtæ\nDanish: bryde\nNorwegian Bokmål: bryte\nScanian: brýda\nGutnish: braute",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: brjóta, ᛒᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁ (briuti) — Runic form, 3rd singular present subjunctive\nIcelandic: brjóta\nFaroese: bróta\nNorwegian Nynorsk: brjota, bryta\nJamtish: brǿte\nElfdalian: briuota\nOld Swedish: brȳta\nSwedish: bryta\nOld Danish: brȳtæ\nDanish: bryde\nNorwegian Bokmål: bryte\nScanian: brýda\nGutnish: braute"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*briutan)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "based on evidence from loanwords"
          },
          "expansion": "(based on evidence from loanwords)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Suevic or Gothic: *𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (*briutan) (based on evidence from loanwords)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "britar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: britar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: britar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "britar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: britar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: britar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰrewd-",
        "t": "to bud"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frōns",
        "t": "foliage, leaves"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orv",
        "2": "бръснути",
        "3": "",
        "4": "rake"
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "brȳsan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to break"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English brȳsan (“to break”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frustum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "piece, crumb"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Related to, perhaps via back-formation, to *brutōną (“to bud”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), which Kroonen compares to Latin frōns (“foliage, leaves”). Others have compared the word to Old East Slavic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “rake”), Old English brȳsan (“to break”), Latin frustum (“piece, crumb”).\nWhether the intransitive counterpart *breuþaną is related is unclear.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "briutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braust",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "braut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "breutandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brutanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "breut",
        "2": "braut",
        "3": "brut",
        "4": "brut",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/breutaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "brautaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "brautijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "brutōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to destroy, crush, break"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "crush",
          "crush"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "breutaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for breutaną meaning in All languages combined (10.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.