brûke in All languages combined

IPA: /ˈbrukə/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Old Frisian brūka, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”). Etymology templates: {{root|fy|ine-pro|*bʰruHg-}}, {{inh|fy|ofs|brūka}} Old Frisian brūka, {{inh|fy|gmw-pro|*brūkan}} Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, {{inh|fy|gem-pro|*brūkaną}} Proto-Germanic *brūkaną, {{der|fy|ine-pro|*bʰruHg-||to make use of}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”) Head templates: {{head|fy|verb}} brûke Inflection templates: {{fy-infl-verb-wk1|brûk}} Forms: weak [table-tags], brûke [infinitive], brûken [infinitive, infinitive-i-long], brûken [gerund, neuter], hawwe [auxiliary], brûk [first-person, present, singular], brûkte [first-person, past, singular], brûkst [present, second-person, singular], brûktest [past, second-person, singular], brûkt [present, singular, third-person], brûkte [past, singular, third-person], brûke [plural, present], brûkten [past, plural], brûk [imperative, present], brûkend [participle, present], brûkt [participle, past]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰruHg-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ofs",
        "3": "brūka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian brūka",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*brūkan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*brūkaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūkaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰruHg-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make use of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Frisian brūka, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fy-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûken",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i-long"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûken",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hawwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkst",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûktest",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkend",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "brûke",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "brûk"
      },
      "name": "fy-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "West Frisian",
  "lang_code": "fy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to use"
      ],
      "id": "en-brûke-fy-verb-1sSLc2ib",
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrukə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brûke"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰruHg-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ofs",
        "3": "brūka"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian brūka",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*brūkan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*brūkaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brūkaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰruHg-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make use of"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Frisian brūka, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fy-infl-verb-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûken",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "infinitive-i-long"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûken",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hawwe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkst",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûktest",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkend",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brûkt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "brûke",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "brûk"
      },
      "name": "fy-infl-verb-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "West Frisian",
  "lang_code": "fy",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "West Frisian class 1 weak verbs",
        "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
        "West Frisian lemmas",
        "West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
        "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "West Frisian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-",
        "West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
        "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "West Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "West Frisian verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to use"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "use",
          "use"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrukə/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brûke"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"brûke" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [West Frisian]