"bireven" meaning in All languages combined

See bireven on Wiktionary

Verb [Middle English]

IPA: /biˈrɛːvən/, /bɛˈrɛːvən/
Etymology: From Old English berēafian, from Proto-Germanic *biraubōną; equivalent to bi- + reven. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|berēafian}} Old English berēafian, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*biraubōną}} Proto-Germanic *biraubōną, {{af|enm|bi-|reven}} bi- + reven Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} bireven Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|rev|2a=ref|c=ed|c2=te|pf=bi}} Forms: weak [table-tags], bireven [infinitive], to bireven [infinitive], bireve [infinitive], bireve [first-person, present, singular], bireved [first-person, past, singular], birefte [first-person, past, singular], birevest [present, second-person, singular], birevedest [past, second-person, singular], bireftest [past, second-person, singular], bireveth [present, singular, third-person], bireved [past, singular, third-person], birefte [past, singular, third-person], bireve [present, singular, subjunctive], bireved [past, singular, subjunctive], birefte [past, singular, subjunctive], bireve [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], bireven [plural, present], bireve [plural, present], bireveden [past, plural], birevede [past, plural], bireften [past, plural], birefte [past, plural], bireveth [imperative, plural, present], bireve [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], birevynge [participle, present], birevende [participle, present], bireved [participle, past], bireft [participle, past]
  1. To cause someone to lose something:
    To steal, or rob; to secretly loot.     Categories (topical): Crime
    Sense id: en-bireven-enm-verb-pd-1zoyr Disambiguation of Crime: 47 25 25 4 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle English terms prefixed with bi- Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 59 17 17 8 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 66 14 14 6 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 70 12 13 5 Disambiguation of Middle English terms prefixed with bi-: 70 12 12 6
  2. To cause someone to lose something:
    To grab, grasp, or confiscate with force.
    Sense id: en-bireven-enm-verb-EjDJx7L5
  3. To cause someone to lose something:
    To cause someone to loose an abstract concept or idea.     Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-bireven-enm-verb-iiSXEnQ- Disambiguation of Emotions: 36 9 55 0
  4. To kill; to murder or end the life of. Categories (topical): Death
    Sense id: en-bireven-enm-verb-OzSrSPTg Disambiguation of Death: 24 0 17 60
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: biræivie, birævien, be-reve, bereve, byreeve, be-refe

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for bireven meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bereave"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bereave",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bereave"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bereve",
            "3": "bereif"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bereve, bereif",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bereve, bereif"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "berēafian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English berēafian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*biraubōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biraubōną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bi-",
        "3": "reven"
      },
      "expansion": "bi- + reven",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English berēafian, from Proto-Germanic *biraubōną; equivalent to bi- + reven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "bireven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rev",
        "2a": "ref",
        "c": "ed",
        "c2": "te",
        "pf": "bi"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 17 17 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 14 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 12 13 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 12 12 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms prefixed with bi-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 25 25 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Crime",
          "orig": "enm:Crime",
          "parents": [
            "Criminal law",
            "Society",
            "Law",
            "All topics",
            "Justice",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To steal, or rob; to secretly loot."
      ],
      "id": "en-bireven-enm-verb-pd-1zoyr",
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ],
        [
          "rob",
          "rob"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To grab, grasp, or confiscate with force."
      ],
      "id": "en-bireven-enm-verb-EjDJx7L5",
      "links": [
        [
          "grab",
          "grab"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ],
        [
          "confiscate",
          "confiscate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 9 55 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To cause someone to loose an abstract concept or idea."
      ],
      "id": "en-bireven-enm-verb-iiSXEnQ-"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 0 17 60",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Death",
          "orig": "enm:Death",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Life",
            "Human",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To kill; to murder or end the life of."
      ],
      "id": "en-bireven-enm-verb-OzSrSPTg"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/biˈrɛːvən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɛˈrɛːvən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "biræivie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "birævien"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "be-reve"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bereve"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "byreeve"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "be-refe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bireven"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms prefixed with bi-",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "enm:Crime",
    "enm:Death",
    "enm:Emotions"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bereave"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bereave",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bereave"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bereve",
            "3": "bereif"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bereve, bereif",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bereve, bereif"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "berēafian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English berēafian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*biraubōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biraubōną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bi-",
        "3": "reven"
      },
      "expansion": "bi- + reven",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English berēafian, from Proto-Germanic *biraubōną; equivalent to bi- + reven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireftest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireften",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birefte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "birevende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireved",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bireft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "bireven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rev",
        "2a": "ref",
        "c": "ed",
        "c2": "te",
        "pf": "bi"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To steal, or rob; to secretly loot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "steal",
          "steal"
        ],
        [
          "rob",
          "rob"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To grab, grasp, or confiscate with force."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grab",
          "grab"
        ],
        [
          "grasp",
          "grasp"
        ],
        [
          "confiscate",
          "confiscate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cause someone to lose something:",
        "To cause someone to loose an abstract concept or idea."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To kill; to murder or end the life of."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/biˈrɛːvən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɛˈrɛːvən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "biræivie"
    },
    {
      "word": "birævien"
    },
    {
      "word": "be-reve"
    },
    {
      "word": "bereve"
    },
    {
      "word": "byreeve"
    },
    {
      "word": "be-refe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bireven"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.