See bardǭ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bardā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bardā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bardā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "barda"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: barda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bārde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bārde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bārde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*barda"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *barda > *Langabarda (possibly, meaning \"long axe\")"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "barda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: barda"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "barde",
"3": "baerde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: barde, baerde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: barde, baerde; bardse; helmbaerde"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "baars"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: baars",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: baars; hellebaard"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la-lat",
"2": "Langobardus",
"3": "Longobardus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Latin: Langobardus, Longobardus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Latin: Langobardus, Longobardus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "Lombard"
},
"expansion": "Old French: Lombard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: Lombard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "barta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: barta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: barta"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "barte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: barte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: barte"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Barte"
},
"expansion": "German: Barte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Barte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "barða"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: barða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: barða"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barða"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: barða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: barða"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skeggǫx",
"3": "skegg-ǫx",
"lit": "beard-axe"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skegg-ǫx (literally “beard-axe”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ- or *bʰordʰ-, probably from *bʰer-, *bʰor- (“to protrude; bristle, spike, tip, awn”); compare *baraz for the unextended root.\nSometimes considered a derivative of *bardaz (“beard”), as if meaning “beard-shaped tool”, though the direction could be the reverse. Orel compares Old Norse skegg-ǫx (literally “beard-axe”) for the semantics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bardǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"id": "en-bardǭ-gem-pro-noun-AlQS09-A",
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "? *bridǭ"
},
{
"word": "bardaz"
},
{
"word": "bardō"
},
{
"word": "bardą"
},
{
"word": "brazdą"
},
{
"word": "brazdaz"
},
{
"word": "bredą"
},
{
"word": "brezdą"
},
{
"word": "brezdô"
},
{
"word": "bruzdaz"
},
{
"word": "burdaz"
},
{
"word": "burdô"
},
{
"word": "burdǭ"
},
{
"word": "burdą"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*adisô"
},
{
"word": "*akwisī"
},
{
"word": "*bardō"
},
{
"word": "*bīþlaz"
},
{
"word": "bardō"
},
{
"word": "barduz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bardǭ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bardā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bardā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bardā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "barda"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: barda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bārde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bārde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bārde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*barda"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *barda > *Langabarda (possibly, meaning \"long axe\")"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "barda"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: barda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: barda"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "barde",
"3": "baerde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: barde, baerde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: barde, baerde; bardse; helmbaerde"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "baars"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: baars",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: baars; hellebaard"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la-lat",
"2": "Langobardus",
"3": "Longobardus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Late Latin: Langobardus, Longobardus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Late Latin: Langobardus, Longobardus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "Lombard"
},
"expansion": "Old French: Lombard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: Lombard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "barta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: barta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: barta"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "barte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: barte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: barte"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Barte"
},
"expansion": "German: Barte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Barte"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "barða"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: barða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: barða"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "barða"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: barða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: barða"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skeggǫx",
"3": "skegg-ǫx",
"lit": "beard-axe"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skegg-ǫx (literally “beard-axe”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰ- or *bʰordʰ-, probably from *bʰer-, *bʰor- (“to protrude; bristle, spike, tip, awn”); compare *baraz for the unextended root.\nSometimes considered a derivative of *bardaz (“beard”), as if meaning “beard-shaped tool”, though the direction could be the reverse. Orel compares Old Norse skegg-ǫx (literally “beard-axe”) for the semantics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bardǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bardōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "? *bridǭ"
},
{
"word": "bardaz"
},
{
"word": "bardō"
},
{
"word": "bardą"
},
{
"word": "brazdą"
},
{
"word": "brazdaz"
},
{
"word": "bredą"
},
{
"word": "brezdą"
},
{
"word": "brezdô"
},
{
"word": "bruzdaz"
},
{
"word": "burdaz"
},
{
"word": "burdô"
},
{
"word": "burdǭ"
},
{
"word": "burdą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Tools",
"gem-pro:Weapons"
],
"glosses": [
"axe"
],
"links": [
[
"axe",
"axe"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*adisô"
},
{
"word": "*akwisī"
},
{
"word": "*bardō"
},
{
"word": "*bīþlaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bardō"
},
{
"word": "barduz"
}
],
"word": "bardǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bardǭ meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.