"balaclava" meaning in All languages combined

See balaclava on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/ [UK, US], /ˌbɑː.ləˈklɑː.və/ [UK, US] Audio: en-us-balaclava.ogg [US] Forms: balaclavas [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑːvə Etymology: From the city of Balaklava in Crimea, from Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه (modern Turkish balıklava), alteration of بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”). During the Crimean War the British troops suffered from cold due to improper clothing. When the news spread in the home front after the Battle of Balaclava in 1854, the people began knitting warm clothing for the soldiers, including woollen caps to be worn under the helmet, which were named balaclavas by the troops. Etymology templates: {{der|en|ota|بالقلاوه}} Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه, {{cog|tr|balıklava}} Turkish balıklava, {{m|ota|بالقلاغه|t=fishing ground|tr=balıklaga}} بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} balaclava (plural balaclavas)
  1. A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool. Categories (topical): Headwear Translations (headgear): balaklawamus (Afrikaans), bivakmus (Afrikaans), نَسِيج صُوفِيّ (nasīj ṣūfiyy) [masculine] (Arabic), بَالَاكْلَافَا (bālāklāfā) [feminine] (Arabic), բալակլավա (balaklava) (Armenian), балакла́ва (balakláva) [feminine] (Belarusian), балакла́ва (balakláva) [feminine] (Bulgarian), passamuntanyes [masculine] (Catalan), 巴拉克拉瓦 (bālākèlāwǎ) (Chinese Mandarin), 頭套 (Chinese Mandarin), 头套 (tóutào) (Chinese Mandarin), kukla [feminine] (Czech), elefanthue (Danish), bivakmuts (Dutch), skimasko (Esperanto), bivakĉapo (Esperanto), brølapa [feminine] (Faroese), huppupipo (Finnish), kommandopipo (Finnish), kypäräpipo (Finnish), passe-montagne [masculine] (French), cagoule [feminine] (French), ბალაკლავა (balaḳlava) (Georgian), Sturmhaube [feminine] (German), Sturmmaske [feminine] (German), Skimaske [common, feminine] (German), Biwakmütze [feminine] (German), Balaklava [feminine, uncommon] (German), κουκούλα (koukoúla) [feminine] (Greek), בַּרְדָּס (bardás) [masculine] (Hebrew), בלקלאווה (balakláva) [feminine] (Hebrew), kagulo (Ido), balaclava (Interlingua), balacláva [masculine] (Irish), passamontagna [masculine] (Italian), balaclava [feminine] (Italian), balaklava [feminine] (Italian), 目出し帽 (alt: めだしぼう, medashibō, めでぼう, medebō) (Japanese), バラクラバ (barakuraba) (Japanese), バラクラヴァ (barakurava) (Japanese), 발라클라바 (ballakeullaba) (Korean), фантомка (fantomka) [feminine] (Macedonian), pōtae uhi (Maori), pōtae pūāhuru (Maori), balaklava [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), finlandshette [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), balaklava [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), finlandshette [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), kominiarka [feminine] (Polish), balaclava [feminine] (Portuguese), cagulă [feminine] (Romanian), балакла́ва (balakláva) [feminine] (Russian), вя́заный шлем (vjázanyj šlem) [masculine] (Russian), фа̀нто̄мка [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), балаклава [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), fàntōmka [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), balaklava [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), kukla [feminine] (Slovak), podkapa [feminine] (Slovene), pasamontañas [masculine] (Spanish), papahígo (Spanish), rånarluva [common-gender] (Swedish), balaklava [common-gender] (Swedish), โม่ง (môong) (Thai), ไอ้โม่ง (Thai), балакла́ва (balakláva) [feminine] (Ukrainian), balaclafa [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-balaclava-en-noun-GH9lyZ4~ Disambiguation of Headwear: 51 49 Disambiguation of 'headgear': 89 11
  2. (chiefly UK, Canada) A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection. Tags: Canada, UK Categories (topical): Headwear
    Sense id: en-balaclava-en-noun-rZHN-uN2 Disambiguation of Headwear: 51 49 Categories (other): British English, Canadian English, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 39 61 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 22 78
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: Also called balaclava helmet

Noun [Italian]

Forms: balaclave [plural]
Head templates: {{it-noun|f}} balaclava f (plural balaclave)
  1. balaclava Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Headwear Synonyms: balaklava
    Sense id: en-balaclava-it-noun-RsfmGDcU Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Portuguese]

Forms: balaclavas [plural]
Head templates: {{pt-noun|f}} balaclava f (plural balaclavas)
  1. balaclava (headgear) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-balaclava-pt-noun-Bl4URPIF Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for balaclava meaning in All languages combined (13.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "بالقلاوه"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "balıklava"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish balıklava",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "بالقلاغه",
        "t": "fishing ground",
        "tr": "balıklaga"
      },
      "expansion": "بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the city of Balaklava in Crimea, from Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه (modern Turkish balıklava), alteration of بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”). During the Crimean War the British troops suffered from cold due to improper clothing. When the news spread in the home front after the Battle of Balaclava in 1854, the people began knitting warm clothing for the soldiers, including woollen caps to be worn under the helmet, which were named balaclavas by the troops.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclavas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "balaclava (plural balaclavas)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Headwear",
          "orig": "en:Headwear",
          "parents": [
            "Clothing",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool."
      ],
      "id": "en-balaclava-en-noun-GH9lyZ4~",
      "links": [
        [
          "neck",
          "neck"
        ],
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ],
        [
          "wool",
          "wool"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "balaklawamus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "bivakmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "nasīj ṣūfiyy",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "نَسِيج صُوفِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bālāklāfā",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "بَالَاكْلَافَا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "balaklava",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "բալակլավա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "balakláva",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "балакла́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "balakláva",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "балакла́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "passamuntanyes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bālākèlāwǎ",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "巴拉克拉瓦"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "頭套"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tóutào",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "头套"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kukla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "elefanthue"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "bivakmuts"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "skimasko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "bivakĉapo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brølapa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "huppupipo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "kommandopipo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "kypäräpipo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "passe-montagne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cagoule"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "balaḳlava",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "ბალაკლავა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Sturmhaube"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Sturmmaske"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "common",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Skimaske"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Biwakmütze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "uncommon"
          ],
          "word": "Balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "koukoúla",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κουκούλα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "bardás",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "בַּרְדָּס"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "balakláva",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "בלקלאווה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "kagulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "balaclava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "balacláva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "passamontagna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "balaclava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "alt": "めだしぼう, medashibō, めでぼう, medebō",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "目出し帽"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "barakuraba",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "バラクラバ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "barakurava",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "バラクラヴァ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "ballakeullaba",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "발라클라바"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "fantomka",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фантомка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "pōtae uhi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "pōtae pūāhuru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "finlandshette"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "finlandshette"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kominiarka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "balaclava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cagulă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "balakláva",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "балакла́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vjázanyj šlem",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "вя́заный шлем"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фа̀нто̄мка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "балаклава"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "fàntōmka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kukla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "podkapa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pasamontañas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "papahígo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "rånarluva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "balaklava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "môong",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "โม่ง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "word": "ไอ้โม่ง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "balakláva",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "балакла́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "89 11",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "headgear",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "balaclafa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Canadian English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Headwear",
          "orig": "en:Headwear",
          "parents": [
            "Clothing",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1969 January 10, “Robbed seven banks, Balaclava Bill given 15-year term in jail”, in Globe and Mail, Toronto, page 1",
          "text": "George Ronald Waite, 33, known as Balaclava Bill because of the dark blue woollen hood he wore while robbing seven banks of $46,200 over the past two years, was sentenced yesterday to 15 years in Kingston Penitentiary.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection."
      ],
      "id": "en-balaclava-en-noun-rZHN-uN2",
      "links": [
        [
          "ski mask",
          "ski mask"
        ],
        [
          "toque",
          "toque"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly UK, Canada) A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌbɑː.ləˈklɑː.və/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːvə"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-balaclava.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/En-us-balaclava.ogg/En-us-balaclava.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/En-us-balaclava.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Also called balaclava helmet"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Balaklava",
    "Battle of Balaclava",
    "Crimean War"
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclave",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "balaclava f (plural balaclave)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Headwear",
          "orig": "it:Headwear",
          "parents": [
            "Clothing",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balaclava"
      ],
      "id": "en-balaclava-it-noun-RsfmGDcU",
      "links": [
        [
          "balaclava",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "balaklava"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclavas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "balaclava f (plural balaclavas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balaclava (headgear)"
      ],
      "id": "en-balaclava-pt-noun-Bl4URPIF",
      "links": [
        [
          "balaclava",
          "balaclava#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑːvə",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑːvə/4 syllables",
    "en:Headwear"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "بالقلاوه"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "balıklava"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkish balıklava",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "بالقلاغه",
        "t": "fishing ground",
        "tr": "balıklaga"
      },
      "expansion": "بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the city of Balaklava in Crimea, from Ottoman Turkish بالقلاوه (modern Turkish balıklava), alteration of بالقلاغه (balıklaga, “fishing ground”). During the Crimean War the British troops suffered from cold due to improper clothing. When the news spread in the home front after the Battle of Balaclava in 1854, the people began knitting warm clothing for the soldiers, including woollen caps to be worn under the helmet, which were named balaclavas by the troops.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclavas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "balaclava (plural balaclavas)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A type of warm headgear covering the neck, head, and often part of the face, with apertures left as necessary, often made out of wool."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "neck",
          "neck"
        ],
        [
          "head",
          "head"
        ],
        [
          "wool",
          "wool"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "Canadian English",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1969 January 10, “Robbed seven banks, Balaclava Bill given 15-year term in jail”, in Globe and Mail, Toronto, page 1",
          "text": "George Ronald Waite, 33, known as Balaclava Bill because of the dark blue woollen hood he wore while robbing seven banks of $46,200 over the past two years, was sentenced yesterday to 15 years in Kingston Penitentiary.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ski mask",
          "ski mask"
        ],
        [
          "toque",
          "toque"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly UK, Canada) A ski mask with holes for the eyes and, sometimes, the nose and mouth, which may be rolled up and worn like a toque or pulled over the face for greater protection."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌbæl.əˈklɑː.və/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌbɑː.ləˈklɑː.və/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːvə"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-balaclava.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/En-us-balaclava.ogg/En-us-balaclava.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/En-us-balaclava.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Also called balaclava helmet"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "balaklawamus"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "bivakmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nasīj ṣūfiyy",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نَسِيج صُوفِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bālāklāfā",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "بَالَاكْلَافَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "balaklava",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "բալակլավա"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "balakláva",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "балакла́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "balakláva",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "балакла́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "passamuntanyes"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bālākèlāwǎ",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "巴拉克拉瓦"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "頭套"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tóutào",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "头套"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kukla"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "elefanthue"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "bivakmuts"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "skimasko"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "bivakĉapo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brølapa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "huppupipo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "kommandopipo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "kypäräpipo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "passe-montagne"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cagoule"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "balaḳlava",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "ბალაკლავა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Sturmhaube"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Sturmmaske"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "common",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Skimaske"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Biwakmütze"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "uncommon"
      ],
      "word": "Balaklava"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "koukoúla",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κουκούλα"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "bardás",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "בַּרְדָּס"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "balakláva",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "בלקלאווה"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "kagulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "balaclava"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "balacláva"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "passamontagna"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "balaclava"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "balaklava"
    },
    {
      "alt": "めだしぼう, medashibō, めでぼう, medebō",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "目出し帽"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "barakuraba",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "バラクラバ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "barakurava",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "バラクラヴァ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "ballakeullaba",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "발라클라바"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "fantomka",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фантомка"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "pōtae uhi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "pōtae pūāhuru"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "balaklava"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "finlandshette"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "balaklava"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "finlandshette"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kominiarka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "balaclava"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cagulă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "balakláva",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "балакла́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vjázanyj šlem",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "вя́заный шлем"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фа̀нто̄мка"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "балаклава"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "fàntōmka"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "balaklava"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kukla"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "podkapa"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pasamontañas"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "papahígo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "rånarluva"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "balaklava"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "môong",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "โม่ง"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "word": "ไอ้โม่ง"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "balakláva",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "балакла́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "headgear",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "balaclafa"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Balaklava",
    "Battle of Balaclava",
    "Crimean War"
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclave",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "balaclava f (plural balaclave)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian countable nouns",
        "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Italian feminine nouns",
        "Italian lemmas",
        "Italian nouns",
        "Italian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
        "it:Headwear"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balaclava"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "balaclava",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "balaklava"
    }
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "balaclavas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "balaclava f (plural balaclavas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese countable nouns",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese feminine nouns",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "balaclava (headgear)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "balaclava",
          "balaclava#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "balaclava"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.