aglæca in All languages combined

IPA: /ˈɑːˌɡlæː.t͡ʃɑ/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”). A difficult and much-debated word. Possibly in origin a compound from the root of ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”) (Bosworth 1882), but this is disputed. Found mostly in poetry, and there mostly of monsters and devils, but once of Beowulf and once of Sigemund. The sole attestation in prose is also a unique relational adjectival use, in Byrhtferth's Enchiridion, where it refers to the scholar Bede as se æglæca lareow, making clear that the word is not inherently pejorative but carries a meaning of "awe-inspiring, formidable". Etymology templates: {{m|ang|āglāc||distress, torment, misery}} āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”), {{compound|ang|ece|lāc|t1=ache, pain|t2=ritual, performance, demonstration}} ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=āglǣċa|sort=}} āglǣċa m, {{ang-noun|m|head=āglǣċa}} āglǣċa m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-n-m|āglǣċ}}, {{ang-decl-noun|āglǣċa|āglǣċan|āglǣċan|āglǣċan|āglǣċan|āglǣċena|āglǣċan|āglǣċum|num=|title=|type=weak}} Forms: āglǣċa [canonical, masculine], weak [table-tags], āglǣċa [nominative, singular], āglǣċan [nominative, plural], āglǣċan [accusative, singular], āglǣċan [accusative, plural], āglǣċan [genitive, singular], āglǣċena [genitive, plural], āglǣċan [dative, singular], āglǣċum [dative, plural]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "warlike, brave",
      "tags": [
        "English",
        "Middle"
      ],
      "word": "egleche"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āglāc",
        "3": "",
        "4": "distress, torment, misery"
      },
      "expansion": "āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ece",
        "3": "lāc",
        "t1": "ache, pain",
        "t2": "ritual, performance, demonstration"
      },
      "expansion": "ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”). A difficult and much-debated word. Possibly in origin a compound from the root of ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”) (Bosworth 1882), but this is disputed.\nFound mostly in poetry, and there mostly of monsters and devils, but once of Beowulf and once of Sigemund.\nThe sole attestation in prose is also a unique relational adjectival use, in Byrhtferth's Enchiridion, where it refers to the scholar Bede as se æglæca lareow, making clear that the word is not inherently pejorative but carries a meaning of \"awe-inspiring, formidable\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "āglǣċa",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "āglǣċa",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "āglǣċa m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "āglǣċa"
      },
      "expansion": "āglǣċa m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "āglǣċ"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "āglǣċa",
        "2": "āglǣċan",
        "3": "āglǣċan",
        "4": "āglǣċan",
        "5": "āglǣċan",
        "6": "āglǣċena",
        "7": "āglǣċan",
        "8": "āglǣċum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "75 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an awesome or formidable opponent, ferocious fighter"
      ],
      "id": "en-aglæca-ang-noun-IsOYAr1J",
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ],
        [
          "opponent",
          "opponent"
        ],
        [
          "ferocious",
          "ferocious"
        ],
        [
          "fighter",
          "fighter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) an awesome or formidable opponent, ferocious fighter"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a miserable being, wretch, monster"
      ],
      "id": "en-aglæca-ang-noun-D9coIo~s",
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being"
        ],
        [
          "wretch",
          "wretch"
        ],
        [
          "monster",
          "monster"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɑːˌɡlæː.t͡ʃɑ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ǣglǣċa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "āhlǣċa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "āglǣċea"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "āglēċa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ǣclǣċa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aglæca"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English compound terms",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English masculine n-stem nouns",
    "Old English masculine nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "warlike, brave",
      "tags": [
        "English",
        "Middle"
      ],
      "word": "egleche"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āglāc",
        "3": "",
        "4": "distress, torment, misery"
      },
      "expansion": "āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ece",
        "3": "lāc",
        "t1": "ache, pain",
        "t2": "ritual, performance, demonstration"
      },
      "expansion": "ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”)",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From āglāc (“distress, torment, misery”). A difficult and much-debated word. Possibly in origin a compound from the root of ece (“ache, pain”) + lāc (“ritual, performance, demonstration”) (Bosworth 1882), but this is disputed.\nFound mostly in poetry, and there mostly of monsters and devils, but once of Beowulf and once of Sigemund.\nThe sole attestation in prose is also a unique relational adjectival use, in Byrhtferth's Enchiridion, where it refers to the scholar Bede as se æglæca lareow, making clear that the word is not inherently pejorative but carries a meaning of \"awe-inspiring, formidable\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "āglǣċa",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "āglǣċum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "āglǣċa",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "āglǣċa m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "āglǣċa"
      },
      "expansion": "āglǣċa m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "āglǣċ"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "āglǣċa",
        "2": "āglǣċan",
        "3": "āglǣċan",
        "4": "āglǣċan",
        "5": "āglǣċan",
        "6": "āglǣċena",
        "7": "āglǣċan",
        "8": "āglǣċum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an awesome or formidable opponent, ferocious fighter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "formidable",
          "formidable"
        ],
        [
          "opponent",
          "opponent"
        ],
        [
          "ferocious",
          "ferocious"
        ],
        [
          "fighter",
          "fighter"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) an awesome or formidable opponent, ferocious fighter"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a miserable being, wretch, monster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "miserable",
          "miserable"
        ],
        [
          "being",
          "being"
        ],
        [
          "wretch",
          "wretch"
        ],
        [
          "monster",
          "monster"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɑːˌɡlæː.t͡ʃɑ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ǣglǣċa"
    },
    {
      "word": "āhlǣċa"
    },
    {
      "word": "āglǣċea"
    },
    {
      "word": "āglēċa"
    },
    {
      "word": "ǣclǣċa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aglæca"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"aglæca" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Old English]