See Westernism on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Western",
"3": "-ism"
},
"expansion": "Western + -ism",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "за́падничество",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Russian за́падничество (západničestvo)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Western + -ism. The Russian ideology is a calque of Russian за́падничество (západničestvo).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Westernism (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ideology and culture of the West."
],
"id": "en-Westernism-en-noun-YBHBkylE",
"links": [
[
"ideology",
"ideology"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"West",
"West"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Occidentalism"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Slavophilism"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Liah Greenfield, “The Scythian Rome: Russia”, in Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity, revised edition, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 265:",
"text": "Slavophilism and Westernism were indeed the two sides of the same set of aspirations and sentiments, one facing an image of the past, and the other that of the future.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Robert English, “The Origins and Nature of Old Thinking”, in Russia and the Idea of the West: Gorbachev, Intellectuals, and the End of the Cold War, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 25:",
"text": "In the coming decades, the tumult of revolution and war together with the mistakes, compromises, and ambitions of the country's new leaders would bring Russia's \"Asiatic\" heritage to the fore and sweep away a still-fragile Westernism.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Bruce K. Ward, Dostoyevsky’s Critique of the West: The Quest for the Earthly Paradise, revised edition, Wilfrid Lautier University Press, →ISBN, page 23:",
"text": "This description of a typical serious circle exposes the limitation which was so fundamental to Russian Westernism after the failure of the Decembrist revolt—the absence of any relation between thought and practice.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government."
],
"id": "en-Westernism-en-noun-70XWEDGH",
"links": [
[
"ideology",
"ideology"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
],
[
"development",
"development"
],
[
"adoption",
"adoption"
],
[
"Western Europe",
"Western Europe"
],
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"liberal",
"liberal"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zaxódnictva",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "захо́дніцтва"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zapadničestvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "западничество"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "západnictví"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "occidentaliste"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "occidentalismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "okcydentaliz"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadniczestwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadnictwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "západničestvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "за́падничество"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "западњаштво"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "вестернизам"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadnjaštvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vesternizam"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"word": "západníctvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"word": "zapadnitjestvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 69",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "záxidnyctvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "за́хідництво"
}
]
}
],
"word": "Westernism"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms calqued from Russian",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"English terms suffixed with -ism",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Swedish entries",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Western",
"3": "-ism"
},
"expansion": "Western + -ism",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "за́падничество",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of Russian за́падничество (západničestvo)",
"name": "calque"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Western + -ism. The Russian ideology is a calque of Russian за́падничество (západničestvo).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "Westernism (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The ideology and culture of the West."
],
"links": [
[
"ideology",
"ideology"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"West",
"West"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Occidentalism"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: Slavophilism"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Liah Greenfield, “The Scythian Rome: Russia”, in Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity, revised edition, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 265:",
"text": "Slavophilism and Westernism were indeed the two sides of the same set of aspirations and sentiments, one facing an image of the past, and the other that of the future.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Robert English, “The Origins and Nature of Old Thinking”, in Russia and the Idea of the West: Gorbachev, Intellectuals, and the End of the Cold War, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 25:",
"text": "In the coming decades, the tumult of revolution and war together with the mistakes, compromises, and ambitions of the country's new leaders would bring Russia's \"Asiatic\" heritage to the fore and sweep away a still-fragile Westernism.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Bruce K. Ward, Dostoyevsky’s Critique of the West: The Quest for the Earthly Paradise, revised edition, Wilfrid Lautier University Press, →ISBN, page 23:",
"text": "This description of a typical serious circle exposes the limitation which was so fundamental to Russian Westernism after the failure of the Decembrist revolt—the absence of any relation between thought and practice.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government."
],
"links": [
[
"ideology",
"ideology"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
],
[
"development",
"development"
],
[
"adoption",
"adoption"
],
[
"Western Europe",
"Western Europe"
],
[
"technology",
"technology"
],
[
"liberal",
"liberal"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An 19th-century intellectual ideology which saw Russia's development as dependent upon the adoption of Western European technology and liberal government."
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zaxódnictva",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "захо́дніцтва"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zapadničestvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "западничество"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "západnictví"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "occidentaliste"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "occidentalismo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "okcydentaliz"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadniczestwo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadnictwo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "západničestvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "за́падничество"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "западњаштво"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "вестернизам"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapadnjaštvo"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "vesternizam"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"word": "západníctvo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"word": "zapadnitjestvo"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "záxidnyctvo",
"sense": "19th century ideology",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "за́хідництво"
}
],
"word": "Westernism"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Westernism meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.