See Maxwell's demon on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "physicist", "2": "", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "" }, "expansion": "physicist", "name": "named-after/list" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "|", "name": "!" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "James Clerk Maxwell" }, "expansion": "James Clerk Maxwell", "name": "lang" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "James Clerk Maxwell", "born": "1831", "died": "1879", "occ": "physicist", "wplink": "=" }, "expansion": "Named after physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)", "name": "named-after" } ], "etymology_text": "Named after physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) and demon, and probably from Greek daemon, a mythological being intermediate between gods and men.", "forms": [ { "form": "Maxwell's demons", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Maxwell's demon (plural Maxwell's demons)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 5, in The Crying of Lot 49, Philadelphia, Pa.; New York, N.Y.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, →OCLC, page 77:", "text": "She did gather that there were two distinct kinds of this entropy. One having to do with heat-engines, the other to do with communication. The equation for one, back in the ’30's, had looked very like the equation for the other. It was a coincidence. The two fields were entirely unconnected, except at one point: Maxwell's Demon.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A hypothetical creature created for a thought experiment. Maxwell’s demon, if it existed, would act as a sort of gate guard by sorting between higher-energy molecules and lower-energy molecules within an enclosed space. Because such a sorting process would tend to decrease entropy, it would violate the second law of thermodynamics." ], "id": "en-Maxwell's_demon-en-noun-P7d3YyMP", "links": [ [ "hypothetical", "hypothetical" ], [ "thought experiment", "thought experiment" ], [ "entropy", "entropy" ], [ "thermodynamics", "thermodynamics" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "information engine" }, { "word": "perpetual motion machine of the second kind" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "dimoni de Maxwell" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "麥克斯韋妖" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "màikèsīwéiyāo", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "麦克斯韦妖" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "Maxwellin demoni" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Maxwellscher Dämon" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "Maxwell-démon" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Makusuweru No Akuma", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "マクスウェルの悪魔)" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "Maekseuwerui dokkaebi", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "맥스웰의 도깨비" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "demonio de Maxwell" } ] } ], "word": "Maxwell's demon" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "physicist", "2": "", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "" }, "expansion": "physicist", "name": "named-after/list" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "|", "name": "!" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "James Clerk Maxwell" }, "expansion": "James Clerk Maxwell", "name": "lang" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "James Clerk Maxwell", "born": "1831", "died": "1879", "occ": "physicist", "wplink": "=" }, "expansion": "Named after physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)", "name": "named-after" } ], "etymology_text": "Named after physicist James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) and demon, and probably from Greek daemon, a mythological being intermediate between gods and men.", "forms": [ { "form": "Maxwell's demons", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "Maxwell's demon (plural Maxwell's demons)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "information engine" }, { "word": "perpetual motion machine of the second kind" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English eponyms", "English lemmas", "English multiword terms", "English nouns", "English terms with quotations", "Entries with translation boxes", "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Spanish translations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 5, in The Crying of Lot 49, Philadelphia, Pa.; New York, N.Y.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, →OCLC, page 77:", "text": "She did gather that there were two distinct kinds of this entropy. One having to do with heat-engines, the other to do with communication. The equation for one, back in the ’30's, had looked very like the equation for the other. It was a coincidence. The two fields were entirely unconnected, except at one point: Maxwell's Demon.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A hypothetical creature created for a thought experiment. Maxwell’s demon, if it existed, would act as a sort of gate guard by sorting between higher-energy molecules and lower-energy molecules within an enclosed space. Because such a sorting process would tend to decrease entropy, it would violate the second law of thermodynamics." ], "links": [ [ "hypothetical", "hypothetical" ], [ "thought experiment", "thought experiment" ], [ "entropy", "entropy" ], [ "thermodynamics", "thermodynamics" ] ] } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "dimoni de Maxwell" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "麥克斯韋妖" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "màikèsīwéiyāo", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "麦克斯韦妖" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "Maxwellin demoni" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Maxwellscher Dämon" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "Maxwell-démon" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "Makusuweru No Akuma", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "マクスウェルの悪魔)" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "Maekseuwerui dokkaebi", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "word": "맥스웰의 도깨비" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Hypothetical creature", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "demonio de Maxwell" } ], "word": "Maxwell's demon" }
Download raw JSONL data for Maxwell's demon meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.