See Black Dutch on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Black Dutch meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "schwarze"
},
"expansion": "German schwarze",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Deutsche",
"3": "",
"4": "black Germans"
},
"expansion": "Deutsche (“black Germans”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Dutch"
},
"expansion": "Dutch",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In reference to Germans, a mangled calque of German schwarze Deutsche (“black Germans”) under influence from Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Black Dutch",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Black Dutch"
},
"expansion": "Black Dutch (plural Black Dutch)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "16 40 44",
"word": "black Irish"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 40 44",
"word": "Pennsylvania Dutch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "89 10 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Germany",
"orig": "en:Germany",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 8 3",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Netherlands",
"orig": "en:Netherlands",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 39 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Racism",
"orig": "en:Racism",
"parents": [
"Forms of discrimination",
"Discrimination",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1875 December, American Bibliopolist, p. 260",
"text": "The same usage still prevails among the vulgar as in the phrases, ‘black Irish’, ‘black Dutch’, describing certain well known types of Celts and Teutons (Hollanders, probably), differing widely from the prevailing type of either race in respect of their black eyes and hair, and gypsy-like, tawny complexions."
},
{
"ref": "1997 March, James Pylant, \"In Search of the Black Dutch\", American Genealogy Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1",
"text": "There are strong indications that the original \"Black Dutch\" were swarthy-complexioned Germans. Anglo-Americans loosely applied the term to any dark-complexioned American of European descent... By the mid-19th century, the term had become an American colloquialism; a derogative term for anything denoting one's small stature, dark coloring, working-class status, political sentiments or anyone of foreign extract."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A European with dark hair, eyes, and skin, especially one from or claiming to be from Germany or the Netherlands, sometimes (derogatory, ethnic slur) with disparaging racial overtones."
],
"id": "en-Black_Dutch-en-noun-844Q8dq7",
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"Netherlands",
"Netherlands"
],
[
"sometimes",
"sometimes"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"racial",
"racial"
],
[
"overtone",
"overtone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, obsolete or historical) A European with dark hair, eyes, and skin, especially one from or claiming to be from Germany or the Netherlands, sometimes (derogatory, ethnic slur) with disparaging racial overtones."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 56 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 79 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Multiracial",
"orig": "en:Multiracial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 68 4",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "United States",
"orig": "en:United States",
"parents": [
"North America",
"America",
"Earth",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 39 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Racism",
"orig": "en:Racism",
"parents": [
"Forms of discrimination",
"Discrimination",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997 March, James Pylant, \"In Search of the Black Dutch\", American Genealogy Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1",
"text": "There are strong indications that the original \"Black Dutch\" were swarthy-complexioned Germans... The term was adopted [by some] as an attempt to disguise Indian or infrequently, tri-racial descent."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person passing for such a European, especially Native Americans or people from multiracial families."
],
"id": "en-Black_Dutch-en-noun-IwXY1YaH",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"such",
"such"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"Native American",
"Native American"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"multiracial",
"multiracial"
],
[
"families",
"families"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, obsolete or historical) A person passing for such a European, especially Native Americans or people from multiracial families."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 39 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 36 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Racism",
"orig": "en:Racism",
"parents": [
"Forms of discrimination",
"Discrimination",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Dutch citizen with sub-Saharan African ancestry."
],
"id": "en-Black_Dutch-en-noun-Czj5dTgl",
"links": [
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
],
[
"citizen",
"citizen"
],
[
"sub-Saharan",
"sub-Saharan"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa"
],
[
"ancestry",
"ancestry"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Afro-Dutch"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "16 40 44",
"word": "black Dutch"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Afro-Dutch",
"Black Dutch (genealogy)"
],
"word": "Black Dutch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from German",
"en:Germany",
"en:Multiracial",
"en:Netherlands",
"en:People",
"en:Racism",
"en:United States"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "schwarze"
},
"expansion": "German schwarze",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Deutsche",
"3": "",
"4": "black Germans"
},
"expansion": "Deutsche (“black Germans”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Dutch"
},
"expansion": "Dutch",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In reference to Germans, a mangled calque of German schwarze Deutsche (“black Germans”) under influence from Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Black Dutch",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Black Dutch"
},
"expansion": "Black Dutch (plural Black Dutch)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "black Irish"
},
{
"word": "Pennsylvania Dutch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English derogatory terms",
"English ethnic slurs",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1875 December, American Bibliopolist, p. 260",
"text": "The same usage still prevails among the vulgar as in the phrases, ‘black Irish’, ‘black Dutch’, describing certain well known types of Celts and Teutons (Hollanders, probably), differing widely from the prevailing type of either race in respect of their black eyes and hair, and gypsy-like, tawny complexions."
},
{
"ref": "1997 March, James Pylant, \"In Search of the Black Dutch\", American Genealogy Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1",
"text": "There are strong indications that the original \"Black Dutch\" were swarthy-complexioned Germans. Anglo-Americans loosely applied the term to any dark-complexioned American of European descent... By the mid-19th century, the term had become an American colloquialism; a derogative term for anything denoting one's small stature, dark coloring, working-class status, political sentiments or anyone of foreign extract."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A European with dark hair, eyes, and skin, especially one from or claiming to be from Germany or the Netherlands, sometimes (derogatory, ethnic slur) with disparaging racial overtones."
],
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"Germany",
"Germany"
],
[
"Netherlands",
"Netherlands"
],
[
"sometimes",
"sometimes"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"racial",
"racial"
],
[
"overtone",
"overtone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, obsolete or historical) A European with dark hair, eyes, and skin, especially one from or claiming to be from Germany or the Netherlands, sometimes (derogatory, ethnic slur) with disparaging racial overtones."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997 March, James Pylant, \"In Search of the Black Dutch\", American Genealogy Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 1",
"text": "There are strong indications that the original \"Black Dutch\" were swarthy-complexioned Germans... The term was adopted [by some] as an attempt to disguise Indian or infrequently, tri-racial descent."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person passing for such a European, especially Native Americans or people from multiracial families."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"such",
"such"
],
[
"European",
"European"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"Native American",
"Native American"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"multiracial",
"multiracial"
],
[
"families",
"families"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, obsolete or historical) A person passing for such a European, especially Native Americans or people from multiracial families."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A Dutch citizen with sub-Saharan African ancestry."
],
"links": [
[
"Dutch",
"Dutch"
],
[
"citizen",
"citizen"
],
[
"sub-Saharan",
"sub-Saharan"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa"
],
[
"ancestry",
"ancestry"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Afro-Dutch"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "black Dutch"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Afro-Dutch",
"Black Dutch (genealogy)"
],
"word": "Black Dutch"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.