See -ten on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-t'ën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-t'ën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Karelian -ten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Veps -te",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-t'ën. Related to Karelian -ten and Veps -te. Originally from an instructive form, probably by analogy of instructive forms of the second infinitive forms of verbs (such as arvata > arvaten, whence arvatenkin with an additional clitic).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"source": "w"
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"kind": "other",
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{
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-iten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms causative adverbs."
],
"id": "en--ten-fi-suffix-vO-3GoFe",
"links": [
[
"causative",
"Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Causative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "てん"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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},
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
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"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of てん"
],
"id": "en--ten-ja-romanization-BR24xzRY",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"てん",
"てん#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ettan"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ettan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-attjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-attjan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -ettan, from Proto-West Germanic *-attjan and *-ittjan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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},
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "81 19",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives, similar to English -ize"
],
"id": "en--ten-enm-suffix-MgdlLoK~",
"links": [
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives, similar to English -ize"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-tene"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -tene"
],
"id": "en--ten-enm-suffix-vtvNC8yc",
"links": [
[
"-tene",
"-tene#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Assimilated form of -den after the vowels E / İ / Ö / Ü."
],
"id": "en--ten-tr-suffix-glMb31yF",
"links": [
[
"-den",
"-den#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogr"
},
"expansion": "Oghur:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo-vol",
"2": "ڔَان-",
"tr": "-ran"
},
"expansion": "Volga Bulgar: ڔَان- (-ran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: ڔَان- (-ran)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-тен"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -тен (-ten)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-рен"
},
"expansion": "-рен (-ren)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -тен (-ten), -рен (-ren)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj-arg"
},
"expansion": "Arghu:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-dən"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -dən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -dən"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "ـدن",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـدن (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـدن (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-dən",
"3": "-tən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -dən, -tən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -dən, -tən"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـدن",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـدن (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـدن (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-den",
"3": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -den, -ten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -den, -ten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -den"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -den"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -den"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kar"
},
"expansion": "Karluk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-dan"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -dan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -dan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-дән",
"3": "-нән",
"4": "-тән"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -дән (-dən), -нән (-nən), -тән (-tən)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -дән (-dən), -нән (-nən), -тән (-tən)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "-дән",
"3": "-нән",
"4": "-тән"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: -дән (-dän), -нән (-nän), -тән (-tän)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: -дән (-dän), -нән (-nän), -тән (-tän)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: -den"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ден",
"3": "-тен",
"4": "-нен"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten), -нен (-nen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten), -нен (-nen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "-den",
"3": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: -den, -ten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: -den, -ten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"10": "-ан",
"11": "-ен",
"12": "-он",
"13": "-өн",
"2": "-дан",
"3": "-ден",
"4": "-дон",
"5": "-дөн",
"6": "-тан",
"7": "-тен",
"8": "-тон",
"9": "-төн"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -дан (-dan), -ден (-den), -дон (-don), -дөн (-dön), -тан (-tan), -тен (-ten), -тон (-ton), -төн (-tön), -ан (-an), -ен (-yen), -он (-on), -өн (-ön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -дан (-dan), -ден (-den), -дон (-don), -дөн (-dön), -тан (-tan), -тен (-ten), -тон (-ton), -төн (-tön), -ан (-an), -ен (-yen), -он (-on), -өн (-ön)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-деҥ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -деҥ (-deŋ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-дӧҥ"
},
"expansion": "-дӧҥ (-döŋ)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-теҥ"
},
"expansion": "-теҥ (-teŋ)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-тӧҥ"
},
"expansion": "-тӧҥ (-töŋ)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -деҥ (-deŋ), -дӧҥ (-döŋ), -теҥ (-teŋ), -тӧҥ (-töŋ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰓𐰤",
"3": "𐰑𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰓𐰤 (d²n²), 𐰑𐰣 (d¹n¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰓𐰤 (d²n²), 𐰑𐰣 (d¹n¹)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "-𐾀𐽶𐽺",
"3": "-𐽸𐽶𐽺"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: -𐾀𐽶𐽺 (-tyn), -𐽸𐽶𐽺 (-dyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: -𐾀𐽶𐽺 (-tyn), -𐽸𐽶𐽺 (-dyn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-ттэн"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -ттэн (-tten)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-ттөн"
},
"expansion": "-ттөн (-ttön)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тэн"
},
"expansion": "-тэн (-ten)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-төн"
},
"expansion": "-төн (-tön)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -ттэн (-tten), -ттөн (-ttön), -тэн (-ten), -төн (-tön)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-тен"
},
"expansion": "-тен (-ten)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-te",
"3": "*-n",
"pos1": "locative-ablative suffix",
"pos2": "instrumental suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-te (locative-ablative suffix) + *-n (instrumental suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "*-te (locative-ablative suffix) + *-n (instrumental suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ten",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-n",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-ten → *ebten (“from the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ablative of nouns"
],
"id": "en--ten-trk-pro-suffix-spbYvukv",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-iten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-t'ën"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-t'ën",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Karelian -ten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "-te"
},
"expansion": "Veps -te",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-t'ën. Related to Karelian -ten and Veps -te. Originally from an instructive form, probably by analogy of instructive forms of the second infinitive forms of verbs (such as arvata > arvaten, whence arvatenkin with an additional clitic).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "",
"14": "-{{{vAr}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish adverb-forming suffixes",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms causative adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"causative",
"Appendix:Finnish adverbial cases#Causative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "てん"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of てん"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"てん",
"てん#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ettan"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ettan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-attjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-attjan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English -ettan, from Proto-West Germanic *-attjan and *-ittjan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English rare terms"
],
"glosses": [
"used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives, similar to English -ize"
],
"links": [
[
"-ize",
"-ize#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives, similar to English -ize"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-tene"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -tene"
],
"links": [
[
"-tene",
"-tene#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogr"
},
"expansion": "Oghur:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo-vol",
"2": "ڔَان-",
"tr": "-ran"
},
"expansion": "Volga Bulgar: ڔَان- (-ran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: ڔَان- (-ran)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-тен"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -тен (-ten)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-рен"
},
"expansion": "-рен (-ren)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -тен (-ten), -рен (-ren)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj-arg"
},
"expansion": "Arghu:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "-dən"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: -dən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: -dən"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz"
},
"expansion": "Oghuz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "ـدن",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـدن (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: ـدن (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-dən",
"3": "-tən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -dən, -tən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -dən, -tən"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـدن",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـدن (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـدن (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-den",
"3": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -den, -ten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -den, -ten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -den"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -den"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -den"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kar"
},
"expansion": "Karluk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-dan"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -dan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -dan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "",
"tr": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: [script needed] (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: [script needed] (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kip"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kbu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Bulgar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Bulgar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-дән",
"3": "-нән",
"4": "-тән"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -дән (-dən), -нән (-nən), -тән (-tən)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -дән (-dən), -нән (-nən), -тән (-tən)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "-дән",
"3": "-нән",
"4": "-тән"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: -дән (-dän), -нән (-nän), -тән (-tän)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: -дән (-dän), -нән (-nän), -тән (-tän)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kcu"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Cuman:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Cuman:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "-den"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: -den",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: -den"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Kumyk: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kno"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak-Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak-Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ден",
"3": "-тен",
"4": "-нен"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten), -нен (-nen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten), -нен (-nen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": "-den",
"3": "-ten"
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak: -den, -ten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak: -den, -ten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: -ден (-den)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-kkp"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"10": "-ан",
"11": "-ен",
"12": "-он",
"13": "-өн",
"2": "-дан",
"3": "-ден",
"4": "-дон",
"5": "-дөн",
"6": "-тан",
"7": "-тен",
"8": "-тон",
"9": "-төн"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -дан (-dan), -ден (-den), -дон (-don), -дөн (-dön), -тан (-tan), -тен (-ten), -тон (-ton), -төн (-tön), -ан (-an), -ен (-yen), -он (-on), -өн (-ön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -дан (-dan), -ден (-den), -дон (-don), -дөн (-dön), -тан (-tan), -тен (-ten), -тон (-ton), -төн (-tön), -ан (-an), -ен (-yen), -он (-on), -өн (-ön)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-деҥ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -деҥ (-deŋ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-дӧҥ"
},
"expansion": "-дӧҥ (-döŋ)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-теҥ"
},
"expansion": "-теҥ (-teŋ)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-тӧҥ"
},
"expansion": "-тӧҥ (-töŋ)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -деҥ (-deŋ), -дӧҥ (-döŋ), -теҥ (-teŋ), -тӧҥ (-töŋ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-sib"
},
"expansion": "Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰓𐰤",
"3": "𐰑𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰓𐰤 (d²n²), 𐰑𐰣 (d¹n¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰓𐰤 (d²n²), 𐰑𐰣 (d¹n¹)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"2": "-𐾀𐽶𐽺",
"3": "-𐽸𐽶𐽺"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: -𐾀𐽶𐽺 (-tyn), -𐽸𐽶𐽺 (-dyn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: -𐾀𐽶𐽺 (-tyn), -𐽸𐽶𐽺 (-dyn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-nsb"
},
"expansion": "North Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-ттэн"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: -ттэн (-tten)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-ттөн"
},
"expansion": "-ттөн (-ttön)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-тэн"
},
"expansion": "-тэн (-ten)",
"name": "alt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "-төн"
},
"expansion": "-төн (-tön)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: -ттэн (-tten), -ттөн (-ttön), -тэн (-ten), -төн (-tön)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ssb"
},
"expansion": "South Siberian Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Siberian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-ден"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: -ден (-den)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "-тен"
},
"expansion": "-тен (-ten)",
"name": "alt"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: -ден (-den), -тен (-ten)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*-te",
"3": "*-n",
"pos1": "locative-ablative suffix",
"pos2": "instrumental suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-te (locative-ablative suffix) + *-n (instrumental suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "*-te (locative-ablative suffix) + *-n (instrumental suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ten",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-n",
"Requests for native script for Uyghur terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eb (“house”) + *-ten → *ebten (“from the house”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ablative of nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ten",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Assimilated form of -den after the vowels E / İ / Ö / Ü."
],
"links": [
[
"-den",
"-den#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ten"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ten meaning in All languages combined (13.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.