See -ndus on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-nd",
"3": "-us"
},
"expansion": "-nd + -us",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely from -nd + -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nduse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "11/harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "9/katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-nduse",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ndust",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ndus (genitive -nduse, partitive -ndust)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nduse",
"2": "-ndust",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ndus (genitive -nduse, partitive -ndust)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ndu"
},
"name": "et-decl-harjutus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ndu"
},
"name": "et-decl-katus"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian harjutus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian katus-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian terms suffixed with -nd",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian terms suffixed with -us",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiri \"text\" → kirjandus \"literature\""
},
{
"text": "aed \"garden\" → aiandus \"gardening\""
},
{
"text": "pank \"bank\" → pangandus \"banking\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from other nouns, or more rarely, verbs."
],
"id": "en--ndus-et-suffix-T8-LXWKD",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ndus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-nd",
"3": "-us"
},
"expansion": "-nd + -us",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Most likely from -nd + -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-nduse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "11/harjutus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "9/katus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndused",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduselt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nduseta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusteta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndusega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndustega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-nduse",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-ndust",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ndus (genitive -nduse, partitive -ndust)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-nduse",
"2": "-ndust",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ndus (genitive -nduse, partitive -ndust)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ndu"
},
"name": "et-decl-harjutus"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-ndu"
},
"name": "et-decl-katus"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian harjutus-type nominals",
"Estonian katus-type nominals",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian noun-forming suffixes",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms suffixed with -nd",
"Estonian terms suffixed with -us",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiri \"text\" → kirjandus \"literature\""
},
{
"text": "aed \"garden\" → aiandus \"gardening\""
},
{
"text": "pank \"bank\" → pangandus \"banking\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from other nouns, or more rarely, verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ndus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ndus meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.