See -NIIʼ on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*ni̓gʸ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *ni̓gʸ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*niʼg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *niʼg",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *ni̓gʸ, from pre-Proto-Athabaskan *niʼg, a root with many disparate meanings, perhaps resulting in the merger of originally distinct roots.\nA first meaning involves action with the hand (squeeze, touch). Another meaning relates to the passing of an invisible or hazy entity, as an epidemic, a cold wave, a fad, a swarm, and also relates to pain, ache. A last meaning relates to mental actions as to know, to be aware, to remember.\n-NIIʼ shares many stems with the roots -NÍÍʼ, -NIID, -NÍÍD, -NIʼ, -NÍ, -NIH, -NIIH ~ -LĮH and -NEʼ, each of these being themselves a conflation of several originally distinct roots with at times overlapping meanings, which makes their actual identification often speculative.\nMaybe as a consequence, the themes in this root often do not behave as neatly as with other roots (classifiers, aspect, conjugations may follow irregular alternations).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "-NIIʼ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (act with hand)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"id": "en--NIIʼ-nv-root-4noasebn",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (act with hand)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (hurt)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 38 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (wave passes)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 37 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 36 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"2. to hurt, to be painful"
],
"id": "en--NIIʼ-nv-root-Uj8nGyvI",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (act with hand)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (hurt)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 38 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (wave passes)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 37 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 36 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)"
],
"id": "en--NIIʼ-nv-root-jDyAkWd6",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 36 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (act with hand)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (hurt)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 30 30 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (know)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 38 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (wave passes)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 37 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 31 36 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"4. to know, to be aware"
],
"id": "en--NIIʼ-nv-root-qSWgJaVJ",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "head",
"word": "-ʼĄ́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hand",
"word": "-CHID"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "foot",
"word": "-ʼEEZ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "head",
"word": "-NEʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "foot",
"word": "-TÁÁL"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-GAII"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-DÉÉL"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-NÁ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-TEEL"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "stampede",
"word": "-YIZ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-YOL"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ZĄ́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-CHĄ́Ą́ʼ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ZĮĮD"
}
],
"word": "-NIIʼ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"Navajo lemmas",
"Navajo roots",
"Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (act with hand)",
"Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (hurt)",
"Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (know)",
"Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIIʼ (wave passes)",
"Navajo terms derived from Proto-Athabaskan",
"Navajo terms inherited from Proto-Athabaskan",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*ni̓gʸ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *ni̓gʸ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*niʼg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *niʼg",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *ni̓gʸ, from pre-Proto-Athabaskan *niʼg, a root with many disparate meanings, perhaps resulting in the merger of originally distinct roots.\nA first meaning involves action with the hand (squeeze, touch). Another meaning relates to the passing of an invisible or hazy entity, as an epidemic, a cold wave, a fad, a swarm, and also relates to pain, ache. A last meaning relates to mental actions as to know, to be aware, to remember.\n-NIIʼ shares many stems with the roots -NÍÍʼ, -NIID, -NÍÍD, -NIʼ, -NÍ, -NIH, -NIIH ~ -LĮH and -NEʼ, each of these being themselves a conflation of several originally distinct roots with at times overlapping meanings, which makes their actual identification often speculative.\nMaybe as a consequence, the themes in this root often do not behave as neatly as with other roots (classifiers, aspect, conjugations may follow irregular alternations).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "-NIIʼ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"2. to hurt, to be painful"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to act with the hand\n 2. to hurt, to be painful\n 3. a wave passes or spreads (epidemic, a heat wave, a crowd, a swarm, a fad)\n 4. to know, to be aware",
"4. to know, to be aware"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"yiʼniinííh",
"yiʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"iʼniinííh",
"iʼniinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yitaayiniih",
"yitaayiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"neiniih",
"neiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"néininih",
"néininih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiyiinih",
"yiyiinih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłniih",
"yiʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééʼíłniih",
"yééʼíłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"dilnííh",
"dilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adilnííh",
"adilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didiilnííh",
"didiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"didinilnííh",
"didinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"dinilnííh",
"dinilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yadidiilnííh",
"yadidiilnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yideelnííh",
"yideelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"chʼídeelnííh",
"chʼídeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeelnííh",
"ndeelnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndilniih",
"ndilniih#Navajo"
],
[
"doolnih",
"doolnih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodoonih",
"hodoonih#Navajo"
],
[
"déesniiʼ",
"déesniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"hidinííh",
"hidinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nahaniih",
"nahaniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiyiiłnííh",
"yidiyiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nayiiłniih",
"nayiiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"dinííh",
"dinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"adinííh",
"adinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodinííh",
"hodinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ndeezniiʼ",
"ndeezniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłnííh",
"yidiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłnííh",
"hodiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diniih",
"diniih#Navajo"
],
[
"adiniih",
"adiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiniih",
"hodiniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hadiiniiʼ",
"hadiiniiʼ#Navajo"
],
[
"yidiłniih",
"yidiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"hodiłniih",
"hodiłniih#Navajo"
],
[
"passes",
"passes"
],
[
"spreads",
"spreads"
],
[
"iiłnííh",
"iiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"diłnííh",
"diłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"hałnííh",
"hałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"ńʼdiiłnííh",
"ńʼdiiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"tádíłnííh",
"tádíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yíłnííh",
"yíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"niiłnííh",
"niiłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"naałniih",
"naałniih#Navajo"
],
[
"nahałnííh",
"nahałnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiłnih",
"yiłnih#Navajo"
],
[
"know",
"know"
],
[
"aware",
"aware"
],
[
"aniih",
"aniih#Navajo"
],
[
"haniih",
"haniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yeʼeniih",
"yeʼeniih#Navajo"
],
[
"yiʼíłnííh",
"yiʼíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yénálniih",
"yénálniih#Navajo"
],
[
"bééhániih",
"bééhániih#Navajo"
],
[
"yééyíłnííh",
"yééyíłnííh#Navajo"
],
[
"nihwiinííh",
"nihwiinííh#Navajo"
],
[
"yiniih",
"yiniih#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"to act with the hand"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "head",
"word": "-ʼĄ́"
},
{
"english": "hand",
"word": "-CHID"
},
{
"english": "foot",
"word": "-ʼEEZ"
},
{
"english": "head",
"word": "-NEʼ"
},
{
"english": "foot",
"word": "-TÁÁL"
},
{
"word": "-GAII"
},
{
"word": "-DÉÉL"
},
{
"word": "-NÁ"
},
{
"word": "-TEEL"
},
{
"english": "stampede",
"word": "-YIZ"
},
{
"word": "-YOL"
},
{
"word": "-ZĄ́"
},
{
"word": "-CHĄ́Ą́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "-ZĮĮD"
}
],
"word": "-NIIʼ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -NIIʼ meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.