𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆 in All languages combined

Forms: kunikaz [romanization], conegos [alternative] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Uncertain. According to De Vaan, perhaps related to Latin cōnīveō, itself possibly from Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō, from Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-. De Vaan suggests a possible pre-form *kom-nig-ā-tos. Buck suggests that the term underwent the rounding of the long *ā vowel before final *-ts, which itself emerged from either the Proto-Italic ending *-tos or *-tis via syncope. Buck further argues that the term shows the reduction of Proto-Italic *-nkn- to *-n-. Poultney suggests that the term actually derives from earlier *ko(n)-(g)nigā- and shows the loss of *g before *n in medial position. Poultney compares the term to Latin gnixus. Etymology templates: {{root|xum|ine-pro|*kneygʷʰ-}}, {{unc|xum}} Uncertain, {{cog|la|cōnīveō}} Latin cōnīveō, {{der|xum|itc-pro|*kneiɣʷēō}} Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō, {{der|xum|ine-pro|*kneygʷʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-, {{der|xum|itc-pro||*-nkn-}} Proto-Italic *-nkn-, {{cog|la|gnixus}} Latin gnixus Head templates: {{head|xum|participle|perfect passive nominative singular|g=m}} 𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆 • (kunikaz) m (perfect passive nominative singular), {{tlb|xum|eig}} (early Iguvine)

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kneygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cōnīveō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cōnīveō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*kneiɣʷēō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kneygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-nkn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-nkn-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gnixus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gnixus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. According to De Vaan, perhaps related to Latin cōnīveō, itself possibly from Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō, from Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-. De Vaan suggests a possible pre-form *kom-nig-ā-tos. Buck suggests that the term underwent the rounding of the long *ā vowel before final *-ts, which itself emerged from either the Proto-Italic ending *-tos or *-tis via syncope. Buck further argues that the term shows the reduction of Proto-Italic *-nkn- to *-n-. Poultney suggests that the term actually derives from earlier *ko(n)-(g)nigā- and shows the loss of *g before *n in medial position. Poultney compares the term to Latin gnixus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kunikaz",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conegos",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "participle",
        "3": "perfect passive nominative singular",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆 • (kunikaz) m (perfect passive nominative singular)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "eig"
      },
      "expansion": "(early Iguvine)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Umbrian",
  "lang_code": "xum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Early Iguvine Umbrian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Umbrian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Umbrian terms prefixed with 𐌊𐌖𐌌-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kneeling"
      ],
      "id": "en-𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆-xum-verb-oGPC2wr1",
      "links": [
        [
          "kneeling",
          "kneeling"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kneygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cōnīveō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cōnīveō",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*kneiɣʷēō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kneygʷʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-nkn-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-nkn-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "gnixus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin gnixus",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. According to De Vaan, perhaps related to Latin cōnīveō, itself possibly from Proto-Italic *kneiɣʷēō, from Proto-Indo-European *kneygʷʰ-. De Vaan suggests a possible pre-form *kom-nig-ā-tos. Buck suggests that the term underwent the rounding of the long *ā vowel before final *-ts, which itself emerged from either the Proto-Italic ending *-tos or *-tis via syncope. Buck further argues that the term shows the reduction of Proto-Italic *-nkn- to *-n-. Poultney suggests that the term actually derives from earlier *ko(n)-(g)nigā- and shows the loss of *g before *n in medial position. Poultney compares the term to Latin gnixus.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kunikaz",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conegos",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "participle",
        "3": "perfect passive nominative singular",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆 • (kunikaz) m (perfect passive nominative singular)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xum",
        "2": "eig"
      },
      "expansion": "(early Iguvine)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Umbrian",
  "lang_code": "xum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Early Iguvine Umbrian",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Umbrian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Umbrian non-lemma forms",
        "Umbrian participles",
        "Umbrian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Umbrian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "Umbrian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kneygʷʰ-",
        "Umbrian terms prefixed with 𐌊𐌖𐌌-",
        "Umbrian terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kneeling"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kneeling",
          "kneeling"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆 meaning in All languages combined (2.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"𐌊𐌖𐌍𐌉𐌊𐌀𐌆" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [Umbrian]