"πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ" meaning in All languages combined

See πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ on Wiktionary

Verb [Pre-Samnite]

Forms: esum [romanization], πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ [alternative], πŒ”πŒ‰πŒŒ [alternative]
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Etymology templates: {{inh|itc-psa|itc-pro|*ezom}} Proto-Italic *ezom, {{der|itc-psa|ine-pro|*h₁ésti}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti Head templates: {{head|itc-psa|verb|1st person singular present active indicative|tr=esum}} πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ (esum) (1st person singular present active indicative)
  1. to be Tags: active, first-person, indicative, present, singular
    Sense id: en-πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ-itc-psa-verb-CvEgfuq9 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pre-Samnite entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*ezom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *ezom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁ésti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "esum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ",
      "roman": "sum",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒ”πŒ‰πŒŒ",
      "roman": "sim",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "1st person singular present active indicative",
        "tr": "esum"
      },
      "expansion": "πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ (esum) (1st person singular present active indicative)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pre-Samnite",
  "lang_code": "itc-psa",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pre-Samnite entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Surrentum 2",
          "text": "πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ…πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ” πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ: 𐌐[.] πŒ‹πŒ„πŒ”: πŒ€πŒƒπŒ€πŒ“πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”\niefies esum: p[.] les: adaries\nTranslation by James Clackson\nI belong to Iefiis son of P[.]ls Adariis"
        },
        {
          "english": "I belong to Bruttius",
          "ref": "Nuceria Alfaterna 3",
          "roman": "Bruties esum",
          "text": "πŒπŒ“πŒ–πŒ•πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ” πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "Inscription of Niumsis Tanusis",
          "roman": "paplamtensatriiamfufuhudniumsistanuniseisesulsudunumdedum.",
          "text": "πŒπŒ‰πŒ–πŒŒπŒ”πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”πŒ•πŒ€πŒπŒ–πŒπŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”πŒ„πŒ”πŒ•\nπŒπŒ€πŒπŒ‹πŒ€πŒŒπŒ•πŒ„πŒπŒ”πŒ€πŒ•πŒ“πŒ‰πŒ‰πŒ€πŒŒπŒšπŒ–πŒšπŒ–πŒ‡πŒ–πŒƒπŒπŒ‰πŒ–πŒŒπŒ”πŒ‰πŒ”πŒ•πŒ€πŒπŒ–πŒπŒ‰πŒ”πŒ„πŒ‰πŒ”πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒ‹πŒ”πŒ–πŒƒπŒ–πŒπŒ–πŒŒπŒƒπŒ„πŒƒπŒ–πŒŒ\nniumsiestanuniesest"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be"
      ],
      "id": "en-πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ-itc-psa-verb-CvEgfuq9",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*ezom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *ezom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁ésti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "esum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ",
      "roman": "sum",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πŒ”πŒ‰πŒŒ",
      "roman": "sim",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-psa",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "1st person singular present active indicative",
        "tr": "esum"
      },
      "expansion": "πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ (esum) (1st person singular present active indicative)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pre-Samnite",
  "lang_code": "itc-psa",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pre-Samnite entries with incorrect language header",
        "Pre-Samnite lemmas",
        "Pre-Samnite terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Pre-Samnite terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "Pre-Samnite terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
        "Pre-Samnite terms with quotations",
        "Pre-Samnite verbs",
        "Requests for translations of Pre-Samnite quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Surrentum 2",
          "text": "πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ…πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ” πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ: 𐌐[.] πŒ‹πŒ„πŒ”: πŒ€πŒƒπŒ€πŒ“πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”\niefies esum: p[.] les: adaries\nTranslation by James Clackson\nI belong to Iefiis son of P[.]ls Adariis"
        },
        {
          "english": "I belong to Bruttius",
          "ref": "Nuceria Alfaterna 3",
          "roman": "Bruties esum",
          "text": "πŒπŒ“πŒ–πŒ•πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ” πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "Inscription of Niumsis Tanusis",
          "roman": "paplamtensatriiamfufuhudniumsistanuniseisesulsudunumdedum.",
          "text": "πŒπŒ‰πŒ–πŒŒπŒ”πŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”πŒ•πŒ€πŒπŒ–πŒπŒ‰πŒ„πŒ”πŒ„πŒ”πŒ•\nπŒπŒ€πŒπŒ‹πŒ€πŒŒπŒ•πŒ„πŒπŒ”πŒ€πŒ•πŒ“πŒ‰πŒ‰πŒ€πŒŒπŒšπŒ–πŒšπŒ–πŒ‡πŒ–πŒƒπŒπŒ‰πŒ–πŒŒπŒ”πŒ‰πŒ”πŒ•πŒ€πŒπŒ–πŒπŒ‰πŒ”πŒ„πŒ‰πŒ”πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒ‹πŒ”πŒ–πŒƒπŒ–πŒπŒ–πŒŒπŒƒπŒ„πŒƒπŒ–πŒŒ\nniumsiestanuniesest"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "πŒ„πŒ”πŒ–πŒŒ"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.